Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회)
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Monitoring of Raw Materials for Commercial Home Meal Replacement Products Using DNA Barcode Information

DNA 바코드를 이용한 가정간편식 제품의 원재료 모니터링 연구

  • Yu, Yeon-Cheol (New Hazardous Substance Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation) ;
  • Hong, Yewon (New Hazardous Substance Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation) ;
  • Kim, Jung Ju (New Hazardous Substance Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation) ;
  • Lee, Dong Ho (Residues and Contaminants Standard Division, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) ;
  • Kim, Hyung Soo (New Hazardous Substance Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation) ;
  • Moon, Guiim (New Hazardous Substance Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation) ;
  • Park, Eun Mi (New Hazardous Substance Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation)
  • 유연철 (식품의약품안전처 식품의약품안전평가원 신종유해물질팀) ;
  • 홍예원 (식품의약품안전처 식품의약품안전평가원 신종유해물질팀) ;
  • 김정주 (식품의약품안전처 식품의약품안전평가원 신종유해물질팀) ;
  • 이동호 (식품의약품안전처 유해물질기준과) ;
  • 김형수 (식품의약품안전처 식품의약품안전평가원 신종유해물질팀) ;
  • 문귀임 (식품의약품안전처 식품의약품안전평가원 신종유해물질팀) ;
  • 박은미 (식품의약품안전처 식품의약품안전평가원 신종유해물질팀)
  • Received : 2020.03.24
  • Accepted : 2020.05.04
  • Published : 2020.06.30
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Abstract

In this study, we monitored the raw materials in home-meal replacement (HMR) products, which have shown more than 63% growth in market size for two years. A total of 89 HMR products were purchased and the DNA barcodes of 112 raw materials in the product samples were analyzed. In order to identify the raw material species, a primer set specific for the 16S ribosomal RNA region of each raw material species was amplified. The amplicon was purified and sequenced, and then used to perform a BLAST search provided by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The species of the raw material was determined by comparing the nucleotide sequences of the species registered in GenBank with identity and match score. Twenty-four species and three genera were identified from 112 raw materials. Three genera were identified at the genus level because a large number of species belonging to the same genus exist within 98% of the identity criteria. The results of the determination were compared with the available raw materials suggested in the Korea Food Code to determine the Korean name and availability of the foods. Six non-listed species were determined to be edible according to information provided by influential domestic and foreign organizations.

본 연구는 최근 소비가 크게 증가하고 있는 가정간편식의 원료에 대한 모니터링을 수행하였다. 다양한 유형의 가정간편식 제품을 구입하여 112개 원료의 DNA 바코드를 분석하였다. 원재료의 종을 동정하기 위하여 DNA 바코드 증폭에 주로 이용되는 미토콘드리아의 16S ribosomal RNA 유전자 부위를 증폭하는 프라이머 세트를 이용하였다. PCR 산물은 정제하여 염기서열을 분석한 후, 이를 이용하여 미국국립보건원에서 제공하는 BLAST search를 수행하였다. GenBank에 등록되어 있는 종의 염기서열과 유사도(Identity)와 매치 점수(Match score)를 비교하여 원료의 종을 판별하였다. 112개의 원료에서 24개의 종(Species)과 3개의 속(Genus)를 동정하였다. 3개의 속은 Identity의 기준이 되는 98% 이내에 해당하는 종이 다수 존재하여 속 수준에서 판별하였다. 판별 결과를 「식품의 기준 및 규격(제2019-57호)」 중 '(별표 1) 사용할 수 있는 원료 목록'에서 제시하는 사용 가능한 원료와 비교하여 국명 및 섭취 가능 여부를 판단하였으며, 등재되어 있지 않은 6개 종은 국제적으로 공인된 기구에서 어획량에 대한 정보를 확인하고, 식용 근거, 학명·이명 등을 확인하여 식용 가능 여부를 판단하였다.

Keywords

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