한국환경농학회지 (Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture)

  • 제39권1호
  • /
  • Pages.36-43
  • /
  • 2020
  • /
  • 1225-3537(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2233-4173(eISSN)
한국환경농학회 (The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

경상북도 위천수계의 수리화학적 특성 및 관개용수 수질평가

Assessment of Hydrochemistry and Irrigation Water Quality of Wicheon Watershed in the Gyeongsangbuk-do

  • 이기창 (경상북도보건환경연구원 북부지원 환경분석과) ;
  • 박명섭 (경상북도보건환경연구원 북부지원 환경분석과) ;
  • 김재식 (경상북도보건환경연구원 북부지원 환경분석과) ;
  • 장태권 (경상북도보건환경연구원 북부지원 환경분석과) ;
  • 김효순 (경상북도보건환경연구원 북부지원 환경분석과) ;
  • 이화성 (경상북도보건환경연구원 북부지원 환경분석과) ;
  • 손진창 (경상북도보건환경연구원 북부지원 환경분석과)
  • Lee, Gi-Chang (Environmental Analysis Division, Northern Branch, Gyeongsangbuk-do Institute of Health & Environment) ;
  • Park, Moung-Sub (Environmental Analysis Division, Northern Branch, Gyeongsangbuk-do Institute of Health & Environment) ;
  • Kim, Jae-Sik (Environmental Analysis Division, Northern Branch, Gyeongsangbuk-do Institute of Health & Environment) ;
  • Jang, Tae-Kwon (Environmental Analysis Division, Northern Branch, Gyeongsangbuk-do Institute of Health & Environment) ;
  • Kim, Hyo-Sun (Environmental Analysis Division, Northern Branch, Gyeongsangbuk-do Institute of Health & Environment) ;
  • Lee, Hwa-Sung (Environmental Analysis Division, Northern Branch, Gyeongsangbuk-do Institute of Health & Environment) ;
  • Son, Jin-Chang (Environmental Analysis Division, Northern Branch, Gyeongsangbuk-do Institute of Health & Environment)
  • 투고 : 2020.02.11
  • 심사 : 2020.03.02
  • 발행 : 2020.03.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

본 연구는 낙동강수계 중권역 중 최대의 농업용수 관개면적을 가지는 위천수계를 대상으로 관개용수에 대한 기초자료 마련을 위해 수리화학적 특성과 관개용 수질특성을 평가하였다. 위천수계의 유기물 오염도와 염분 함량을 나타내는 평균 BOD5 농도와 EC는 각각 1.1 mg/L, 350 µS/cm로 좋은 수질을 보였고, 이 중 남천은 BOD5 0.5 mg/L, EC 157 µS/cm로 가장 낮아 매우 깨끗한 수질을 나타내었다. 위천은 각 지류와 하수처리방류수가 유입되는 쌍계천의 합류로 인해 하류로 갈수록 염분 농도가 미미하게 증가하였으나 영향은 크지 않았다. 금속류에 대해서도 매우 안전한 수질을 보여 토양과 농산물 재배에 미치는 유해성은 없는 것으로 나타났다. 위천수계의 미네랄 형성은 탄산염암 풍화로 인한 물-암석 교환작용의 영향이 우세한 것으로 나타났고, Ca-HCO3-Cl 수질유형에 집중분포 하였다. 위천수계의 양이온과 음이온에 대한 분포농도는 각각 Ca2+>Mg2+>Na+>K+, HCO3->SO42->Cl-> F- 순으로 존재하였다. 이들 성분에 대해 남천은 다른 하천에 비해 2배 이상 낮은 농도분포를 보였다. 구천의 경우 Ca2+과 SO42-농도는 다른 하천보다 각각 1.2-3.2배, 1.6-3.1배 높게 형성하고 있었다. SAR, %Na, PI, RSC 지수를 평가한 결과 위천수계 수질은 염분의 영향이 매우 낮아 농산물 재배에 적합한 관개용수로 나타났다. 특히 염분농도는 벼 수확량에 미치는 영향이 크므로 위천수계의 대표 농작물인 벼 재배를 위한 매우 중요한 수질인자이다. 위천수계는 FAO와 국내 연구자료에서 제시한 벼 재배에 대한 염분 허용농도기준을 충분히 만족하였고, 다른 농작물 생산에도 전혀 피해가 없는 우수한 수질을 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 앞으로 본 연구결과가 농산물 재배 및 우수성 홍보 등에 기초자료로 활용되어 지역 농업활동에 도움이 되길 기대한다.

BACKGROUND: Wicheon watershed has the largest irrigation area among the mid-watershed of Nakdong river. However, no investigation of irrigation water quality has been conducted on the Wicheon watershed, which evaluates the effects on the soil quality and crop cultivation. Therefore, this study aims to provide various assessments of water quality of Wicheon watershed as the scientific basic data for efficient agricultural activities. METHODS AND RESULTS: Water sampling was performed in five locations of the first tributaries of Wicheon. Wicheon watershed showed clean water quality with very low organic matters and safe water quality from metals at all points of investigation. It was estimated that the natural chemical components of Wicheon watershed were originated from water-rock interaction in Gibbs diagram. All samples were concentrated in the type of Ca-HCO3-Cl in the Piper diagram. The quality of irrigation water was evaluated with sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), permeability index (PI), and percent sodium (%Na). The values of these water quality indices were in the range of 0.37-0.67, -2.11--0.24, 41.13-84.52% and 11.28-21.84%, respectively, and were classified as good grades at all sites. CONCLUSION: The water quality of Wicheon watershed was very low in salt, indicating good irrigation water suitable for growing agricultural products. We hope that the results of this study will be used as the basic data for the cultivation of agricultural products and promotion of their excellence.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Misaghi F, Delgosha F, Razzaghmanesh M, Myers B (2017) Introducing a water quality index for assessing water for irrigation purposes: A case study of the Ghezel Ozan River. Science of the Total Environment, 589, 107-116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.226
  2. Bouaroudi S, Menad A, Bounamous A, Ali-Khodia H, Gherib A, Weigel D, Chenchouni H (2019) Assessment of water quality at the largest dam in Algeria (Beni Haroun Dam) and effects of irrigation on soil characteristics of agricultural lands. Chemosphere, 219, 76-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.11.193
  3. Barik R, Pattanayak SK (2019) Assessment of groundwater quality for irrigation of green spaces in the Rourkela city of Odisha, India. Groundwater for Sustainable Development, 8, 428-438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsd.2019.01.005
  4. Shah M, Sircar A, Varsada R, Vaishnani S, Savaliya U, Faldu M, Vaidya D, Bhattacharya P (2019) Assessment of geothermal water quality for industrial and irrigation purposes in the Unai geothermal field, Gujarat, India. Groundwater for Sustainable Development, 8, 59-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsd.2018.08.006
  5. Khanoranga, Khalid S (2019) An assessment of groundwater quality for irrigation and drinking purposes around brick kilns in three districts of Balochistan province, Pakistan, through water quality index and multivariate statistical approaches. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 197, 14-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2018.11.007
  6. Hwang JY, Park S, Kim HK, Kim MS, Jo HJ, Kim JI, Lee GM, Shin IK, Kim, TS (2017) Hydrochemistry for the assessment of groundwater quality in Korea. Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment, 6(1), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.4236/jacen.2017.61001
  7. Gibbs RJ (1970) Mechanisms controlling world water chemistry. Science, 170, 1088-1090. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.170.3962.1088
  8. Piper AM (1944) A graphical interpretation of water analysis. Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, 25, 914-928. https://doi.org/10.1029/TR025i006p00914
  9. Ryu HS, Lee JY, Lim CW, Kim KT (2019) Hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater and stream water in a karst area of Samcheok, Korea. Journal of the Geological Society of Korea, 55, 117-129. https://doi.org/10.14770/jgsk.2019.55.1.117
  10. Yun SW, Jeon WH, Lee JY (2017) Evaluation of hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater and stream water in a heavy agricultural region of the Haean basin. Korea, Journal of the Geological Society of Korea, 53, 727-742. https://doi.org/10.14770/jgsk.2017.53.5.727
  11. Kim H, Kaown D, Mayter B, Lee JY, Hyun Y, Lee KK (2015) Identifying the sources of nitrate contamination of groundwater in an agricultural area (Haean basin, Korea) using isotope and microbial community analyses. Science of the Total Environment, 533, 566-575. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.06.080
  12. Pu J, Yuan D, Xiao Q, Zhao H (2015) Hydrogeochemical characteristics in karst subterrane an streams: a case history from Chongqing, China. Carbonates and Evaporates, 30, 307-319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13146-014-0226-1