Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association (대한정형외과학회지)

Korean Orthopaedic Association (대한정형외과학회)
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Learning Curve of the Direct Anterior Approach for Hip Arthroplasty

직접전방 접근법을 통한 인공 고관절 치환술의 학습곡선

  • Received : 2019.04.11
  • Accepted : 2019.07.16
  • Published : 2020.04.30
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Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the timing of the improvement in surgical skills of the direct anterior approach for hip arthroplasty through an analysis of the clinical features and learning curve in 58 cases. Materials and Methods: From November 2016 to November 2018, 58 patients, who were divided into an early half and late half, and underwent hip arthroplasty by the direct anterior approach, were enrolled in this retrospective study. The operation time and complications (fracture, lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury, heterotopic ossification, infection, and dislocation) were assessed using a chi-square test, paired t-test, and cumulative sum (CUSUM) test. Results: The mean operation times in total hip arthroplasty (26 cases) and bipolar hemi-arthroplasty were 132.1 minutes and 79.7 minutes, respectively, demonstrating a significant difference between the two groups. CUSUM analysis based on the results revealed breakthrough points of the operation time, decreasing to less than the mean operation time because of the 16th case in total hip arthroplasty and 14th case in bipolar hemiarthroplasty. Complications were encountered in the early phase and late phase: five cases of fractures in the early phase, no case in the late phase; eight and two cases of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury, respectively; three and two cases of heterotopic ossification, respectively; and one case of dislocation, one case of infection and three cases of others in the early phase. The CUSUM chart for the fracture rate during operation in the early phase revealed the following: five cases fracture (17.2%) in the early phase and no case in the late phase (0%). This highlights the learning curve and the need for monitoring the inadequacy of operation based on the complications. Conclusion: Hip arthroplasty performed by the direct anterior approach based on an anatomical understanding makes it difficult to observe the surgical field and requires a learning curve of at least 30 cases.

목적: 58예의 직접전방 접근법을 통한 인공 고관절 치환술의 임상결과와 학습곡선을 분석하여 학습능력이 향상되는 시점에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2016년 11월부터 2018년 11월까지 58명의 환자를 대상으로 직접전방 접근법을 사용한 인공 고관절 치환술을 시행하였다. 초기 시행한 29명과 후기 시행한 29명을 후향적으로 비교분석하였다. 수술시간과 합병증(대전자 견열 골절, 외측 대퇴피신경 손상, 이소성 골화증, 감염, 탈구 등)을 바탕으로 분석하였다. 통계적 방법은 양 군 간에 대응표본 T 검정, 카이제곱 검정과 누적합법(cumulative sum, CUSUM) 분석을 사용하였다. 결과: 수술 시간은 전치환술은 평균 132.1분, 반치환술은 평균 79.7분으로 양 군에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 수술 기간에 따른 CUSUM 분석을 시행하였고, 전치환술에서는 16번째 증례, 반치환술에서는 14번째 증례부터 수술시간이 각각 평균 수술시간보다 감소하였다. 합병증으로 전반기에 5예, 후반기에 0예로 총 5예의 대전자 견열골절이 있었으며, 외측대퇴피하신경 손상은 전반기 8예, 후반기 2예로 총 10예, 이소성 골화증은 전반기 3예, 후반기 2예로 총 5예, 탈구와 감염은 각각 전반기 1예씩, 기타 합병증 3예가 있었다. 전반기 1년간 수술 중 발생한 대전자 견열골절은 5예(17.2%), 후반기에는 0예(0%)가 있었으며 이를 CUSUM 분석을 통해 모니터링하였으나 증례가 많지 않아 유의한 차이를 보이지는 않았다. 결론: 직접전방 접근법을 이용한 인공 고관절 치환술은 해부학적 이해가 선행되어야 하고, 수술 시야의 확보가 어렵기 때문에 습득하는 데 최소 30예 이상의 학습곡선이 필요하다.

Keywords

References

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