Journal of the Korea Convergence Society (한국융합학회논문지)

Korea Convergence Society (한국융합학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Mediating Effect of Depression in the Impact of Cultural Adaptation Stress on School Life Adaptation of Multicultural Adolescents: Searching for Converged Intervention Strategies

다문화가정 청소년의 문화적응 스트레스가 학교생활적응에 미치는 영향에서 우울의 매개효과: 융합적 대응방안 모색

  • 안혜우 (성균관대학교 사회복지학과) ;
  • 엄명용 (성균관대학교 사회복지학과)
  • Received : 2020.03.23
  • Accepted : 2020.06.20
  • Published : 2020.06.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The current study examined whether multicultural students' depression level mediated between cultural adaptation stress and school life adaptation in South Korea. A total of 1,329 students in the sixth year (2016) of the National Youth Policy Institute (NYPI) 's multicultural youth panel data were analyzed using regression analysis. The main results of the study are as follows. First, cultural adaptation stress of adolescents in multicultural families had a direct influence on school life adaptation. Second, depression partly mediated between cultural adaptation stress and school life adaptation. These findings have major implications for policies and interventions in regard to cultural adaptation stress and school life adaptation of the youth in multicultrual families.

본 연구는 다문화가정 청소년의 문화적응 스트레스가 학교생활적응에 미치는 영향에서 우울이 매개효과를 갖는지 분석하였다. 이를 위해 한국아동·청소년정책연구원(National Youth Policy Institute: NYPI)의 다문화청소년패널 데이터 6차년도(2016) 중 총 1,329명을 대상으로 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구의 주요결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 다문화가정 청소년의 문화적응 스트레스는 학교생활적응에 있어 직접적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 문화적응 스트레스가 학교생활적응에 영향을 미치는 경로에서 우울이 두 변수간 부분매개역할을 하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 다문화가정 청소년의 문화적응 스트레스를 감소시키고 학교생활적응 정도를 향상시키기 위한 응집력강화프로그램 등 소수문화를 수용하는 태도의 중요성을 강조하는 실천적 방안에 대해 논의하였다. 향후 연구에서는 비 다문화가정 청소년과 비교하여 어느 시기에 가장 많은 심리·정서적 불안감에 놓여있고, 학교생활적응 정도에 변화가 있는지 추가적인 연구를 진행이 필요할 것이다.

Keywords

References

  1. H. J. Kim. (2015). Health Behavior of Multicultural and General Family Adolescents in Korea: the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey, 2011-2013. Master's dissertation, Chosun University, Gwangiu.
  2. K. J. Kim & K. S. Jung. (2008). Exploratory Study on the Multi-cultural Background Adolescent's Growth Environment in Busan. The Korea Contents Society Journal, 8(11), 272-285.
  3. K. S. Kim. (2008). A Study on The Realities of Child Education in A Multi-Cultural Family in Korea. Seoul : Research Center for Korean Youth Culture. Institute of Social Science.
  4. K. S. Jun. (2008). A Comparative Study on the Living Conditions of Teenagers from Multicultural Family and Normal Family in Gyeonggi Prefecture -Based on School Life and Family Life. The Korea Journal of Youth Counseling, 16(1), 167-185, DOI : 10.35151/kyci.2008.16.1.011.
  5. H. S. Lee, K. H. Park & M. J. Song. (2016). Effect of Formative Artistic Activities Using Objects on Self-Esteem and Pro-Social Behavior in Children of Multi-cultural Families. The Korea Society of Art & Design, 19(2), 87-110.
  6. E. Seung & S. H. Lee. (2007). A Study on the Difficulties of Children from International Marriage Families in Agricultural Regions. The Journal of Korea Open Association for Early Childhood Education, 12(4), 25-47.
  7. Y. A. Kim. (2010). Psychological Well-being of Young Children According to Social Support and Family System Types in Multicultural and Unicultural Families. Master's dissertation, Gyeongbuk University, Daegu.
  8. S. Y. Hwang. (2013). A Study on the Emotional and Social Adaption Condition of the Children from Multicultural Families. Journal of Early Childhood Education & Educare Welfare, 1, 171-196.
  9. H. J. Kim & K. T. Park. (2010). A Study on the Living Conditions and Characteristics of the Welfare Needs of the Multi-cultural Family Youth : A Comparative Analysis with Normal Family Youth. Journal of Social Science Research, 49(1), 93-128.
  10. J. W. Berry. (2000). Sociopsychological Costs and Benefits of Multiculturalism, Governance of Cultural Diversity. Stockholm: Centre for Research in International Migration and Ethnic Relations, 297-354.
  11. J. W. Lee. (2011). A Study on the Correlation among the Linguistic Ability and the Ego-Identity and School-Related Adjustment of Adolescent in Multicultural Families. Master's dissertation, Daegu University, Daegu.
  12. E. W. Lynch. (1992). From Culture Shock to Cultural Learning, Developing Cross-cultural Competence: A Guide for Working with Young Children and Their Families. Aamerica, Maryland: Paul H Brookes.
  13. L. Y. Kiang, T. M. Gonzales-Backen, M. Witkow & A. J. Fuligni. (2006). Ethnic Identity and the Daily Psychological Well-being of Adolescents from Mexican and Chinese Backgrounds. Child Development, 77(5), 1338-1350. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2006.00938.x
  14. E. H. Kim & M. A. Mccubbin. (2007). Korean American Maternal Acceptance-Rejection, Acculturation, and Children's Social Competence. Journal of Family & Community Health, 30(25), 33-45.
  15. S. J. Jeon & H. M. Yoon. (2013). Effects of Neglect, Acculturative Stress, and Self-Esteem on School Adjustment of Adolescents of Multi-Cultural Family. Journal of School Social Welfare, 24, 153-179.
  16. Y. I. Kang. (2013). The Relationships between the Attachment of Multicultural Families Children to Mothers and their Psychosocial Adjustment: The Intervening Effects of Acculturation Stresses and Negative Coping Mechanisms. Master's dissertation, Dankook University, Dankook.
  17. S. J. Jeong. (2013). The Influence of Acculturative Stress in Adapting to School Life for Children of Multicultural Families. Master's dissertation, Sungkyeol University, Anyang.
  18. A. J. Romero & R. E. Roberts. (2003). The Impact of Multiple Dimensions of Ethnic Identity on Discrimination and Adolescent' Self-Esteem. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 33, 2288-2305. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2003.tb01885.x
  19. J. D. Hovey. (1998). Psychosocial Predictors of Acculturative Stress in Central American Immigrants. Journal of Immigrant Health, 1(4), 187-195. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021859800694
  20. K. H. Han & S. K. Kang. (2019). The Relationship among Acculturative Stress, Depression and Self-Esteem of Multicultural Adolescents - Testing a Theoretical Model of the Stress Process. Journal of Mental Health & Social Work, 47(1), 231-257, DOI : https://doi.org/10.24301/mhsw.2019.03.47.1.231
  21. S. H. Moo. (2008). Influence of Depression on Mobile Phone Dependence of Adolescent : Moderator Effect Comparison of Peer Attachment and School Relationship Factor according to Gender. Korean Journal of Youth Studies, 25(8), 55-80, DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.21509/KJYS.2018.08.25.8.55
  22. K. M. Yang, K. K. Kang & J. Y. Kim. (2017). A Study on the Final Survey and Policy of Multicultural Youth. Sejong : Research Report of the Korea Youth Policy Institute.
  23. S. H. Oh. (2016). The Study on the Eco-systemic Variables Affecting Multicultural Family Adolescents’ Depression. Journal of Community Welfare, 56, 1-27. DOI : 10.15300/jcw.2016.56.1.1
  24. G. F. Koeske & R. D. Koeske. (1991). Student “Burnout” as a Mediator of the Stress-Outcome Relationship. Research in Higher Education, 32(4), 415-431. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00992184
  25. R. S, Lazarus & S. Folkman. (1984). Stress, Appraisal, and Coping. New York : Springer Publishing Company.
  26. J. W. Berry. (1997). An Evaluation of Life Satisfaction within the Migratory Experience According to Psychosocial Variables, Immigration, Acculturation and Adaptation, Applied Psychology. An International Review, 46, 5-34.
  27. J. W. Berry, M. Storandt & A. Coyne. (1984). Age and Sex Differences in Somatic Complaints Associated with Depression. Journal of Gerontology, 39(4), 465-467. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/39.4.465
  28. J. D. Hove & C. Magana. (2002). Acculturative Stress, Anxiety, and Depression among Mexican Immigrant Farm Workers in the Midwest United States. Journal of Immigrant. Health, 2(3), 119-131.
  29. B. K. Finch & W. A. Vega. (2003). Acculturation Stress, Social Support, and Self-Rated Health among Lations in California. Journal of Immigrant Health, 5, 109-117. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023987717921
  30. M. Thomas & J. B. Choi. (2006). Acculturative Stress and Social Support among Korean and Indian Immigrant Adolescents in the United States. Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare, 33, 123-143.
  31. E. G. Kim & J. N. Kim. (2016). The Relationships Between Multi-cultural Adolescents' Acculturation Stress and Psycho-social Adjustment: the Mediating Effect of Ego-identity and the Moderating Effect of Perceived Social Support. Korean Multicultural Education Association, 9(4), 21-43.
  32. E. Y. Jin. (2015). Mediating Effect of Bicultural Competence in the Relationship between Acculturative Stress of Children in Multi-cultural Families and Psychosocial Adjustment: Focusing on Gender Difference. Journal of School Social Welfare, 32, 303-326. DOI : https://doi.org/10.20993/ssw.32.12
  33. E. J. Tricket & D. Birman. (2005). Acculturation, School Context, and School Outcomes: Adaptation of Refugee Adolescents from the Former Soviet Union. Psychology in the Schools, 42(1), 27-38. DOI : https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.20024
  34. S. S. Lee. (2013). Development of Korean Culture Experience Program for Improving Self-identity and Social Stress of Young People from Multicultural Families. Korean Association of Family and Education, 25(4), 63-77.
  35. M. S. Kim. (2008). The Prevelence of Depression of Middle School Students in a City, and the Effect of Depression on the School Adjustment. Korea Journal of Counseling, 9(2), 645-658. https://doi.org/10.15703/kjc.9.2.200806.645
  36. J. S. Baek. (2013). The Influence of Individuation of International College Students in Korea on College Adaptation and Acculturative Stress. Korean Journal of Youth Facility Environment, 11(1), 57-65.
  37. K. R. Choi & J. Y. Hong. (2018). The Relationship between Parental Attachment and School Adjustment in Adolescents of Multicultural Families: The Mediating Effects of Cultural Adaptation Stress. Journal of Youth Research in Korea, 29(1), 347-374. DOI : https://doi.org/10.14816/sky.2018.29.1.347
  38. J. H. Kim. (2019). The Effects of Acculturative Stress on School Adjustment of Multicultural Adolescents Mediated by Depression and Self-Esteem. Journal of Youth Facilities Environment, 17(3), 115-124.
  39. S. L. Kang. (2009). The Influence on the Psychological-Social Adaptation of Children Born in Multi-cultural Home Concerned Family and Social Support System. Master's dissertation, Uiduk University, Gyeongju.
  40. S. S. Shin. (2012). Effect of School Adjustment Program for Elementary School Students from Multicultural Families Ego-identity, Peer Relationship and Degree of Satisfaction with Their School Lives. The Journal of Educational Research, 10(4), 459-481.
  41. J. H. Seo & J. Y. An. (2001). Adolescent Friendships : Differences in Function, Structure, and Satisfaction by Internet and Real Life Variables. Korean Journal of Child Studies, 22(4), 149-166.
  42. B. N. Yoon. (2019). Influence of Peer Factors on Acculturative Stress of Multicultural Adolescents, Master's dissertation. Soongsil University, Seoul.
  43. Y. J. Nam & S. Lee. (2009). The Effect of Mother`s Attachment and Daily Stress on Children's Self-Concept and Depression in Multi-Ethnic Families. Family and Environment Research, 47(9), 27-36.
  44. C. I. William & J. W. Berry. (1991). Ethnic Self-identification and Psychological Well-being among Minority Youth in the Netherlands. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 25, 19-34.
  45. J. F. Smart & D. W. Smart. (1995). Acculturative Stress of Hispanics: Loss and Challenge. Journal of Counseling & Development, 73(4), 390-396. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6676.1995.tb01770.x
  46. C. R. Nho, S. K. Yoon & S. Y. Kim. (2018). The Relationship between Acculturative Stress and Depression among Refugee Children in Korea - The Moderating Role of Self-esteem. Journal of the Korean Society of Child Welfare, 63, 23-53, https://doi.org/10.24300/jkscw.2018.09.63.23
  47. H. J. Woo. (2013). A Study on the Internalizing, Externalizing Problems of Multicultural Children. Family and Environment Research, 51(2), 195-206, https://doi.org/10.6115/khea.2013.51.2.195
  48. S. R. Sirin, P. Ryce, T. Gupta & L. Rogers-Sirin. (2013). The Role of Acculturative Stress on Mental Health Symptoms for Immigrant Adolescents: A Longitudinal Investigation. Developmental Psychology, 49(4), 736-748. DOI : https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028398
  49. S. S. Lee. (2015). The Effects of Social Competence of Middle School Students on Their Self-Esteem and School Adjustment-Focused on the Analysis of Moderating Effects by Gender. Korean Journal of Youth Studies, 22(1), 29-55.
  50. S. H. Ji. (2013). Effects of Parent-Child Communication and Youth Depression on School Adaptation. Master's dissertation, Kyunggi University, Gyeonggi
  51. Korea Youth Policy Institute. (2010). Multicultural Cleaner Panel Survey. 1st and 6th Data User Guide .
  52. J. H. Kim. (2010). An Analysis of Primary Pupils and Middle School Students Developmental Characteristics of Values and Practical Intelligence. Learner-centered Education Society, 10(3), 115-137.
  53. J. E. Hong. (2005). A Study on the Relationships among Social Support, Self-esteem, Self-expression and Adaptation to School Life: Focused on Co-ed Secondary School Students. Doctoral Dissertation, Hanyang University, Seoul.
  54. K. I. Kim, J. H. Kim & H. T. Woo. (1984). Perform a Simplified Mental Diagnosis Test Yogang, Seoul: Center for Centrality.
  55. K. S. Lee, H. J. Baek, J. W. Lww & J. Y. Kim. (2011). Korean Children & Cleaning Annual Panel Survey 2010II Project Report. Seoul: Korea Youth Policy Institute.
  56. N. Y. Seon. (2013). The Effects of the Social Exclusion of Multicultural Families' Children on Their School Adjustment. Doctoral dissertation, Kyonggi University, Kyonggi.
  57. Y. J. Choi. (2017). A Study on the Establishment of the Third Basic Plan for Multicultural Family Policy. Seoul : the Korea Women's Policy Institute and the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family.
  58. Y. Woo. (2007). The Actual State of Multicultural Youth in Urban and Rural Communities. Journal of Youth Guidance Research, 11, 25-54.
  59. R. M. Baron & D. A. Kenny. (1986). The Modulator Mediator Variable Distortion in Social Psychological Research. Journal of Japan, 51, 1173-1182.
  60. J. H. Seo. (2012). Comparison of Anxiety, Depression, and Self-esteem of Children in Multicultural Families and General Families. Master's dissertation, Kyungpook National University Daegu, Korea, Daegu.
  61. Ministry of Education. (2019). Mdulticultural Education Support Plan.
  62. Shih, M. & Sanchez, D. T. (2005). Perspectives and Research on the Positive and Negative Implications of Having Multiple Racial Identities. Psychological Bulletin, 131(4), 569-591. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.131.4.569
  63. H. S. Jang. (2019). Comparison of Influencing Factors on Depression between Non-Multicultural and Multicultural Family Adolescents, Master's Thesis Kangwon University, Kangwon.
  64. I. S. Park & Y. S. Park. (2015). The Impact of Emotional Labor on Job Stress and Turnover Intention in the Service Encounter -Focused on Airport Workers. Journal of Tourism Research, 40(2), 199-216.
  65. Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC). (2019). Korean Youth Health Behavior Survey.