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Comparison of semi-active and passive tuned mass damper systems for vibration control of a wind turbine

  • Lalonde, Eric R. (State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University) ;
  • Dai, Kaoshan (Department of Civil Engineering, Sichuan University) ;
  • Bitsuamlak, Girma (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Western Ontario) ;
  • Lu, Wensheng (State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University) ;
  • Zhao, Zhi (State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University)
  • Received : 2019.11.21
  • Accepted : 2020.04.29
  • Published : 2020.06.25
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Abstract

Robust semi-active vibration control of wind turbines using tuned mass dampers (TMDs) is a promising technique. This study investigates a 1.5 megawatt wind turbine controlled by eight different types of tuned mass damper systems of equal mass: a passive TMD, a semi-active varying-spring TMD, a semi-active varying-damper TMD, a semi-active varying-damper-and-spring TMD, as well as these four damper systems paired with an additional smaller passive TMD near the mid-point of the tower. The mechanism and controllers for each of these TMD systems are explained, such as employing magnetorheological dampers for the varying-damper TMD cases. The turbine is modelled as a lumped-mass 3D finite element model. The uncontrolled and controlled turbines are subjected to loading and operational cases including service wind loads on operational turbines, seismic loading with service wind on operational turbines, and high-intensity storm wind loads on parked turbines. The displacement and acceleration responses of the tower at the first and second mode shape maxima were used as the performance indicators. Ultimately, it was found that while all the semi-active TMD systems outperformed the passive systems, it was the semi-active varying-damper-and-spring system that was found to be the most effective overall - capable of controlling vibrations about as effectively with only half the mass as a passive TMD. It was also shown that by reducing the mass of the TMD and adding a second smaller TMD below, the vibrations near the mid-point could be greatly reduced at the cost of slightly increased vibrations at the tower top.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The authors would like to acknowledge the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant numbers U1710111 & 51878426]; the International Collaboration Program of Sichuan Province [grant number 18GJHZ0111]; and the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of China.

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