Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology (대한영상의학회지)

The Korean Society of Radiology (대한영상의학회)
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Clinical Value of Cardiovascular Calcifications on Non-Enhanced, Non-ECG-Gated Chest CT

비 조영증강 비 심전도동기 흉부 CT에서 발견되는 심혈관계 석회화의 임상적 가치

  • Tae Seop Choi (Department of Radiology, Korea University Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University) ;
  • Hwan Seok Yong (Department of Radiology, Korea University Guro Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University) ;
  • Cherry Kim (Department of Radiology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University) ;
  • Young Joo Suh (Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine)
  • 최태섭 (고려대학교 의과대학 고려대학교 구로병원 영상의학과) ;
  • 용환석 (고려대학교 의과대학 고려대학교 구로병원 영상의학과) ;
  • 김채리 (고려대학교 의과대학 고려대학교 안산병원 영상의학과) ;
  • 서영주 (연세대학교 의과대학 세브란스병원 영상의학과)
  • Received : 2019.11.08
  • Accepted : 2020.03.24
  • Published : 2020.03.01
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Abstract

Cardiovascular calcifications can occur in various cardiovascular diseases and can serve as a biomarker for cardiovascular event prediction. Advances in CT have enabled evaluation of calcifications in cardiovascular structures not only on ECG-gated CT but also on non-ECG-gated CT. Therefore, many studies have been conducted on the clinical relevance of cardiovascular calcifications in patients. In this study, we divided cardiovascular calcifications into three classes, i.e., coronary artery, thoracic aorta, and cardiac valve calcifications, which are closely associated with cardiovascular events. Further, we briefly described pericardial calcifications, which can be found incidentally. Since the start of lung cancer screening in Korea in the second half of 2019, the number of non-enhanced, non-ECG-gated, low-dose chest CT has been increasing, and the number of incidentally found cardiovascular calcifications has also been increasing. Therefore, understanding the relevance of cardiovascular calcifications on non-enhanced, non-ECG-gated, low-dose chest CT and their proper reporting are important for radiologists.

심혈관계 석회화는 다양한 심혈관계 질환에서 나타나며 심혈관 사건 발생의 표지자의 역할을 한다. CT의 기술이 발전함에 따라 심전도동기 CT뿐만이 아닌 비 심전도동기 CT에서도 심혈관계 석회화를 평가하는 것이 가능해졌다. 이번 종설에서는 비 조영증강 비 심전도동기 흉부 CT에서 발견되는 심혈관계 석회화를 심혈관 사건 발생과 연관되었다고 알려진 3가지 석회화(관상동맥, 흉부 대동맥, 판막 석회화)에 대해 자세히 살펴보고 추가적으로 우연적으로 발견될 수 있는 심막 석회화에 대해서도 간단히 기술하였다. 우리나라에서 2019년 하반기부터 폐암 검진이 시작되면서 고령 흡연자의 비 조영증강 비 심전도동기 저선량 CT의 영상의 수가 늘어나고 있고 이에 우연히 발견되는 심혈관계 석회화도 늘어나고 있다. 그러므로 비 조영증강 비 심전도동기 흉부 CT에서 발견되는 심혈관계 석회화의 의미를 이해하고 적절히 보고하는 것이 영상의학과 의사에게 중요할 것이다.

Keywords

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