Korean small business review (중소기업연구)

The Korean Association of Small Business studies (한국중소기업학회)
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Exploring A Research Trend on Entrepreneurial Ecosystem in the 40 Years of the Asia Pacific Journal of Small Business for the Development of Ecosystem Measurement Framework

「중소기업연구」 40년 동안의 창업생태계 연구 동향 고찰 및 측정모형 개발을 위한 탐색적 연구

  • Seo, Ribin (Dept. of Industrial & Management Engineering, POSTECH) ;
  • Choi, Kyung Cheol (Dept. of Entrepreneurship Graduate School, Hanyang University) ;
  • Byun, Youngjo (Dept. of Convergence Technology, Hanbat National University)
  • 서리빈 (포항공과대학교 산업경영공학과) ;
  • 최경철 (한양대학교 창업융합학과 일반대학원) ;
  • 변영조 (한밭대학교 융합기술학과)
  • Received : 2020.09.04
  • Accepted : 2020.10.12
  • Published : 2020.12.31
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Abstract

Shedding new light on the research trend on entrepreneurial ecosystems in the 40-year history of the Asia Pacific Journal of Small Business, this study aims at exploring a potential measurement framework of ecological inputs and outputs in an entrepreneurial ecosystem that promotes entrepreneurship at geographical and spatial levels. As a result of the analysis of research on the entrepreneurial ecosystem in the journal, we found that prior studies emphasized the managerial importance of various ecological factors on the premise of possible causalities between the factors and entrepreneurship. However, empirical research to verify the premised causality has been underexplored yet. This literature gap may lead to unbalanced development of conceptual and case studies that identify requirements for successful entrepreneurial ecosystems based on experiential facts, thereby hindering the generalization of the research results for practical implications. In that there is a growing interest in creating and operating productive entrepreneurial ecosystems as an innovation engine that drives national and regional economic growth, it is necessary to explore and develop the measurement framework for ecological factors that can be used in future empirical research. Hereupon, we apply a conceptual model of 'input-output-outcome-impact' to categorize individual environmental factors identified in prior studies. Based on the model. We operationalize ecological input factors as the financial, intellectual, institutional, and social capitals, and ecological output factors as the establishment-based, innovation-based, and performance-based entrepreneurship. Also, we propose several longitudinal databases that future empirical research can use in analyzing the potential causality between the ecological input and output factors. The proposed framework of entrepreneurial ecosystems, which focuses on measuring ecological input and output factors, has a high application value for future research that analyzes the causality.

본 논문은 한국중소기업학회 40년의 역사적 흐름 속에서 창업생태계 연구 동향을 조명하고, 생산적 창업생태계 조성에 필요한 생태투입·산출요인에 관한 측정지표 개발 방향을 고찰하기 위해 수행되었다. '중소기업연구'의 창업생태계 연구 동향을 살펴본 결과, 선행연구는 생산적 창업생태계 조성과 다양한 생태투입요인에 대한 관리적 중요성을 강조하고 있다. 그러나 생태투입요인과 기업가정신으로 대변되는 생태산출요인 간 인과성을 검증하려는 실증연구에 필요한 측정모형 및 변수개발을 다루는 탐색적 연구는 실무·정책적 요구를 충족하지 못하고 있었다. 경험적 사실에 근거하여 창업생태계 성공요건을 규명하는 사례연구의 불균형적 발전은 연구 결과의 일반화와 효과적 실무·정책적 대안을 제안하는 데 한계가 있다. 국가·지역 경제성장을 견인하는 혁신동력으로써 생산적 창업생태계의 조성과 효율적 운영이 중요한 오늘날, 향후 실증연구에서 활용 가능한 생태요인 측정모형의 개발이 절실하다. 이에 본 연구는 기존의 [투입→산출→결과→성과] 프로세스를 적용하여, 생태투입·산출요인을 중심으로 창업생태계 측정 모형을 개념화하였다. 우선, 선행연구를 기반으로 생태투입요인(재정적·지식·제도적·사회적 자본)을 체계화하고, 생태산출요인은 설립, 혁신 및 성과기준 기업가정신으로 개념화하여 측정 가능한 변수로 도출하였다. 또한, 향후 실증연구에서 생태투입·산출요인 측정 시 활용 가능한 데이터베이스를 제안하고, 각 데이터의 특성을 검토하였다. 본 연구가 제안한 창업생태계 측정지표는 생태요인 간 인과성을 검증하려는 후속 연구에서 활용 가치가 높을 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

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