References
- Tannock LR. Advances in the management of hyperlipidemia-induced atherosclerosis. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2008;6:369-83. https://doi.org/10.1586/14779072.6.3.369
- Nelson RH. Hyperlipidemia as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Prim Care 2013;40:195-211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pop.2012.11.003
- Tomizawa M, Kawanabe Y, Shinozaki F, Sato S, Motoyoshi Y, Sugiyama T, Yamamoto S, Sueishi M. Triglyceride is strongly associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among markers of hyperlipidemia and diabetes. Biomed Rep 2014;2:633-6. https://doi.org/10.3892/br.2014.309
- Wouters K, van Gorp PJ, Bieghs V, Gijbels MJ, Duimel H, Lutjohann D, Kerksiek A, van Kruchten R, Maeda N, Staels B, van Bilsen M, Shiri-Sverdlov R, Hofker MH. Dietary cholesterol, rather than liver steatosis, leads to hepatic inflammation in hyperlipidemic mouse models of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology 2008;48:474-86. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.22363
- Onody A, Csonka C, Giricz Z, Ferdinandy P. Hyperlipidemia induced by a cholesterol-rich diet leads to enhanced peroxynitrite formation in rat hearts. Cardiovasc Res 2003;58:663-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6363(03)00330-4
- Czako L, Szabolcs A, Vajda A, Csati S, Venglovecz V, Rakonczay Z Jr, Hegyi P, Tiszlavicz L, Csont T, Posa A, Berko A, Varga C, Varga Ilona S, Boros I, Lonovics J. Hyperlipidemia induced by a cholesterol-rich diet aggravates necrotizing pancreatitis in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2007;572:74-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.05.064
- Puskas LG, Nagy ZB, Giricz Z, Onody A, Csonka C, Kitajka K, Hackler L Jr, Zvara A, Ferdinandy P. Cholesterol diet-induced hyperlipidemia influences gene expression pattern of rat hearts: a DNA microarray study. FEBS Lett 2004;562:99-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-5793(04)00189-9
- Lee LC, Wei L, Huang WC, Hsu YJ, Chen YM, Huang CC. Hypolipidemic effect of tomato juice in hamsters in high cholesterol diet-induced hyperlipidemia. Nutrients 2015;7:10525-37. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu7125552
- Bondia-Pons I, Ryan L, Martinez JA. Oxidative stress and inflammation interactions in human obesity. J Physiol Biochem 2012;68:701-11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13105-012-0154-2
- Harmon RC, Tiniakos DG, Argo CK. Inflammation in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011;5:189-200. https://doi.org/10.1586/egh.11.21
-
Muniandy K, Gothai S, Badran KM, Suresh Kumar S, Esa NM, Arulselvan P. Suppression of proinflammatory cytokines and mediators in LPS-Induced RAW 264.7 macrophages by stem extract of alternanthera sessilis via the inhibition of the
$NF-{\kappa}B$ pathway. J Immunol Res 2018;2018:3430684. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/3430684 - Madamanchi NR, Vendrov A, Runge MS. Oxidative stress and vascular disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2005;25:29-38. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.ATV.0000150649.39934.13
- Ho FM, Liu SH, Liau CS, Huang PJ, Lin-Shiau SY. High glucose-induced apoptosis in human endothelial cells is mediated by sequential activations of c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase and caspase-3. Circulation 2000;101:2618-24. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.101.22.2618
-
Abe S, Obata Y, Oka S, Koji T, Nishino T, Izumikawa K. Chondroitin sulfate prevents peritoneal fibrosis in mice by suppressing
$NF-{\kappa}B$ activation. Med Mol Morphol 2016;49:144-53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00795-016-0133-8 - Bauerova K, Ponist S, Kuncirova V, Mihalova D, Paulovicova E, Volpi N. Chondroitin sulfate effect on induced arthritis in rats. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2011;19:1373-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2011.08.006
- Melgar-Lesmes P, Garcia-Polite F, Del-Rey-Puech P, Rosas E, Dreyfuss JL, Montell E, Verges J, Edelman ER, Balcells M. Treatment with chondroitin sulfate to modulate inflammation and atherogenesis in obesity. Atherosclerosis 2016;245:82-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.12.016
- Canas N, Valero T, Villarroya M, Montell E, Verges J, Garcia AG, Lopez MG. Chondroitin sulfate protects SH-SY5Y cells from oxidative stress by inducing heme oxygenase-1 via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2007;323:946-53. https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.107.123505
- Song YO, Kim M, Woo M, Baek JM, Kang KH, Kim SH, Roh SS, Park CH, Jeong KS, Noh JS. Chondroitin sulfate-rich extract of skate cartilage attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced liver damage in mice. Mar Drugs 2017;15:E178.
- Hu SW, Tian YY, Chang YG, Li ZJ, Xue CH, Wang YM. Fucosylated chondroitin sulfate from sea cucumber improves glucose metabolism and activates insulin signaling in the liver of insulin-resistant mice. J Med Food 2014;17:749-57. https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2013.2924
- Kim BH, Ahn SH, Choi BD, Kang SJ, Kim YL, Lee HJ, Oh MJ, Jung TS. In vivo evaluation of chondroitin sulfates from midduk (Styela clava) and munggae tunics (Halocynthia roretzi) as a cosmetic material. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr 2004;33:641-5. https://doi.org/10.3746/JKFN.2004.33.4.641
- da Cunha AL, Aguiar JA, Correa da Silva FS, Michelacci YM. Do chondroitin sulfates with different structures have different activities on chondrocytes and macrophages? Int J Biol Macromol 2017;103:1019-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.05.123
- Baek JM, Kang KH, Kim SH, Noh JS, Jeong KS. A study on development of high functional materials producing technique using by-products from skate processing (1)-development of chondroitin sulfate materials using skate cartilages. J Environ Sci Int 2016;25:645-54. https://doi.org/10.5322/JESI.2016.25.5.645
- Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem 1972;18:499-502. https://doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/18.6.499
- Ohkawa H, Ohishi N, Yagi K. Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Anal Biochem 1979;95:351-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(79)90738-3
- Schmidt HH, Warner TD, Nakane M, Forstermann U, Murad F. Regulation and subcellular location of nitrogen oxide synthases in RAW264.7 macrophages. Mol Pharmacol 1992;41:615-24.
- Dietschy JM. Dietary fatty acids and the regulation of plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. J Nutr 1998;128 2 Suppl:444S-448S. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/128.2.444S
- Ichimura M, Kawase M, Masuzumi M, Sakaki M, Nagata Y, Tanaka K, Suruga K, Tamaru S, Kato S, Tsuneyama K, Omagari K. High-fat and high-cholesterol diet rapidly induces non-alcoholic steatohepatitis with advanced fibrosis in Sprague-Dawley rats. Hepatol Res 2015;45:458-69. https://doi.org/10.1111/hepr.12358
- Kainuma M, Fujimoto M, Sekiya N, Tsuneyama K, Cheng C, Takano Y, Terasawa K, Shimada Y. Cholesterol-fed rabbit as a unique model of nonalcoholic, nonobese, non-insulin-resistant fatty liver disease with characteristic fibrosis. J Gastroenterol 2006;41:971-80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-006-1883-1
- Bieghs V, Van Gorp PJ, Wouters K, Hendrikx T, Gijbels MJ, van Bilsen M, Bakker J, Binder CJ, Lutjohann D, Staels B, Hofker MH, Shiri-Sverdlov R. LDL receptor knock-out mice are a physiological model particularly vulnerable to study the onset of inflammation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. PLoS One 2012;7:e30668. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0030668
- Subramanian S, Goodspeed L, Wang S, Kim J, Zeng L, Ioannou GN, Haigh WG, Yeh MM, Kowdley KV, O'Brien KD, Pennathur S, Chait A. Dietary cholesterol exacerbates hepatic steatosis and inflammation in obese LDL receptor-deficient mice. J Lipid Res 2011;52:1626-35. https://doi.org/10.1194/jlr.M016246
- Han LK, Sumiyoshi M, Takeda T, Chihara H, Nishikiori T, Tsujita T, Kimura Y, Okuda H. Inhibitory effects of chondroitin sulfate prepared from salmon nasal cartilage on fat storage in mice fed a high-fat diet. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2000;24:1131-8. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801378
-
Wang J, Mazza G. Effects of anthocyanins and other phenolic compounds on the production of tumor necrosis factor
${\alpha}$ in LPS/IFN-${\gamma}$ -activated RAW 264.7 macrophages. J Agric Food Chem 2002;50:4183-9. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf011613d - Kleemann R, Zadelaar S, Kooistra T. Cytokines and atherosclerosis: a comprehensive review of studies in mice. Cardiovasc Res 2008;79:360-76. https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/cvn120
- Gil-Cardoso K, Gines I, Pinent M, Ardevol A, Blay M, Terra X. Effects of flavonoids on intestinal inflammation, barrier integrity and changes in gut microbiota during diet-induced obesity. Nutr Res Rev 2016;29:234-48. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954422416000159
-
Yuan Y, Naito H, Jia X, Kitamori K, Nakajima T. Combination of hypertension along with a high fat and cholesterol diet induces severe hepatic inflammation in rats via a signaling network comprising
$NF-{\kappa}B$ , MAPK, and Nrf2 pathways. Nutrients 2017;9:1018. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9091018 - Anavi S, Eisenberg-Bord M, Hahn-Obercyger M, Genin O, Pines M, Tirosh O. The role of iNOS in cholesterol-induced liver fibrosis. Lab Invest 2015;95:914-24. https://doi.org/10.1038/labinvest.2015.67
- Angeli JK, Cruz Pereira CA, de Oliveira Faria T, Stefanon I, Padilha AS, Vassallo DV. Cadmium exposure induces vascular injury due to endothelial oxidative stress: the role of local angiotensin II and COX-2. Free Radic Biol Med 2013;65:838-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.08.167
- Stabler TV, Montell E, Verges J, Huebner JL, Kraus VB. Chondroitin sulfate inhibits monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 release from 3T3-L1 adipocytes: a new treatment opportunity for obesityrelated inflammation? Biomark Insights 2017;12:1177271917726964.
-
Jomphe C, Gabriac M, Hale TM, Heroux L, Trudeau LE, Deblois D, Montell E, Verges J, du Souich P. Chondroitin sulfate inhibits the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappaB in interleukin-
$1{\beta}$ -stimulated chondrocytes. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2008;102:59-65. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-7843.2007.00158.x -
Kim HJ, Hwangbo MH, Lee JW, Im HG, Lee IS. Antioxidant effects of red ginseng powder on liver of benzo(
${\alpha}$ )pyrene-treated mice. Korean J Food Sci Technol 2007;39:217-21. - Lovlin R, Cottle W, Pyke I, Kavanagh M, Belcastro AN. Are indices of free radical damage related to exercise intensity. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1987;56:313-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00690898
- Niess AM, Dickhuth HH, Northoff H, Fehrenbach E. Free radicals and oxidative stress in exercise--immunological aspects. Exerc Immunol Rev 1999;5:22-56.
- Carr AC, McCall MR, Frei B. Oxidation of LDL by myeloperoxidase and reactive nitrogen species: reaction pathways and antioxidant protection. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2000;20:1716-23. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.ATV.20.7.1716
- Dahech I, Harrabi B, Hamden K, Feki A, Mejdoub H, Belghith H, Belghith KS. Antioxidant effect of nondigestible levan and its impact on cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis. Int J Biol Macromol 2013;58:281-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.04.058
- Furukawa S, Fujita T, Shimabukuro M, Iwaki M, Yamada Y, Nakajima Y, Nakayama O, Makishima M, Matsuda M, Shimomura I. Increased oxidative stress in obesity and its impact on metabolic syndrome. J Clin Invest 2004;114:1752-61. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI21625
- Lee JY, Lee SH, Kim HJ, Ha JM, Lee SH, Lee JH, Ha BJ. The preventive inhibition of chondroitin sulfate against the CCl4-induced oxidative stress of subcellular level. Arch Pharm Res 2004;27:340-5. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02980070
Cited by
- The Combination Treatment of Curcumin and Probucol Protects Chondrocytes from TNF-α Induced Inflammation by Enhancing Autophagy and Reducing Apoptosis via the PI3K-Akt-mTOR Pathway vol.2021, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5558066
- Chondroitin Sulfate Alleviates Diabetic Osteoporosis and Repairs Bone Microstructure via Anti-Oxidation, Anti-Inflammation, and Regulating Bone Metabolism vol.12, pp.None, 2021, https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.759843