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An appropriateness review on the road tunnel ventilation standards by pollutants site measurement and case study

오염물질 현장측정 및 사례조사를 통한 도로터널 환기기준의 적정성에 관한 연구

  • Received : 2020.04.17
  • Accepted : 2020.05.12
  • Published : 2020.05.31

Abstract

In this study, a series of site measurement of particulate and gases pollutants at five tunnels were carried out along with case studies to review the suitability of the current road tunnel ventilation design standards. Previous studies by other researchers have shown that the ratios of the level of measurement to the standard were 27.9%, 1.6% and 3.4% for TSP, CO and NOx, respectively. Those measured in this site study shows even lower ratios; the ratios were 2.6%, 0.8% and 0.3%, for TSP, CO and NOx, respectively. The particle size analysis of TSP for the five tunnels shows that PM10 including tire wear and re-suspended road dust exceeded 20.4%. This implies that non-exhaust particulate matter must be taken into account, since the current design standards for the particulate matter (visibility) include only the engine emission. Based on the recent research results, for vehicle emission rate and slope-speed correction factors, revision of ventilation design standards for pollutants is required. WRA (PIARC) also emphasizes the necessity of the ventilation design standards for pollutants. In addition, enactment of a new road tunnel ventilation system operation standard or guideline is strongly recommended when considering the low operating rate of the ventilation system with jet-fans.

본연구에서는 현행 도로터널의 환기설계기준의 적정성을 검토하기 위하여 사례조사를 수행하고, 5개 터널을 대상으로 입자상 및 가스상 물질의 농도를 현장측정 하였다. 사례조사 결과는 설계기준 대비 TSP (가시도)는 27.9%, CO는 1.6%, NOx는 3.4% 수준으로 분석되었고, 현장측정 결과는 각각 2.6%, 0.8%, 0.2%의 수준에 불과하였다. 또한 5개 터널에 대한 입자상물질(TSP)의 입경분석 결과, 타이어 마모, 재부유 분진 등의 입자라 할 수 있는 PM10 이상의 입경의 영역은 20.4%로 나타났다. 따라서 현행 도로터널 환기설계 기준으로 제시된 입자상물질은 엔진배출량 외에 비엔진배출량에 대한 고려가 반드시 필요하며, 최근의 연구결과를 통한 제작차 오염물질 배출량 및 경사속도 보정계수 등을 적용하여 대상오염물질에 대한 설계기준의 합리적인 개정이 요구되며 WRA (PIARC)에서도 환기설계 기준의 개정 필요성을 권고하고 있다. 현행 터널 내 낮은 환기설비(제트팬) 가동율을 고려할 경우 향후 터널 내 운영상 관리기준의 신설에 대한 필요성이 제기된다.

Keywords

References

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