한국환경생태학회지 (Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology)

  • 제34권1호
  • /
  • Pages.1-8
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  • 2020
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  • 1229-3857(pISSN)
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  • 2288-131X(eISSN)
한국환경생태학회 (Korean Society of Environment and Ecology)
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오대산국립공원 산양(Naemorhedus caudatus) 개체 수 분석 - 무인센서카메라 분석을 이용한 개체 구분 및 통계 분석 -

Analysis of the Naemorhedus caudatus Population in Odaesan National Park - The Goral Individually Identification and Statistical Analysis Using the Sensor Camera -

  • 김규철 (국립공원공단 국립공원생물종보전원) ;
  • 이용학 (국립공원공단 국립공원생물종보전원) ;
  • 이동운 (국립공원공단 국립공원생물종보전원) ;
  • 손장익 (국립공원공단 국립공원생물종보전원) ;
  • 강재구 (국립공원공단 국립공원생물종보전원) ;
  • 조재운 (국립공원공단 국립공원생물종보전원)
  • Kim, Gyu-cheol (Korea National Park Insritute for Biodiversity conservation) ;
  • Lee, Yong-hak (Korea National Park Insritute for Biodiversity conservation) ;
  • Lee, Dong-un (Korea National Park Insritute for Biodiversity conservation) ;
  • Son, Jang-ick (Korea National Park Insritute for Biodiversity conservation) ;
  • Kang, Jae-gu (Korea National Park Insritute for Biodiversity conservation) ;
  • Cho, Chea-un (Korea National Park Insritute for Biodiversity conservation)
  • 투고 : 2019.11.12
  • 심사 : 2019.12.11
  • 발행 : 2020.02.28
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초록

본 연구는 오대산국립공원에 서식하는 산양의 정확한 서식 실태를 파악하는 한편, 개체군 증가에 따른 복원과 서식지 관리 중심의 보전사업을 위한 무인센서카메라를 이용한 산양의 개체 수 전수조사를 실시하였다. 오대산국립공원에서 2018년 1년간 현장조사를 통해 획득한 산양 서식실태 조사결과를 중심으로 산양의 서식 흔적이 가장 많이 관찰된 18개의 격자(2km×2km)를 우선 선정한 후 다시 4개의 소격자(1km×1km)로 나누어 38개의 소격자에 총 62대의 무인센서카메라를 설치하여 조사를 진행하였다. 조사결과, 총 5,096장의 야생동물이 촬영되었고, 이중 산양은 총 2,268장이 촬영되었으며, 산양 분류표(뿔 형태 Ⓐ, 링 무늬Ⓑ, 링 형성 비율Ⓒ, 얼굴 색상 Ⓓ)로 분석한 결과 총 95개체를 확인하였다. 암·수 비율은 수컷 35개체(36.8%), 암컷 46개체(48.4%), 성별미상(새끼) 14개체(14.7%)로 나타났으며, 성별미상을 제외한 암·수 비율은 4(수):6(암)비율로 나타났다. 산양의 개체 수 분석 중 뿔 형태 Ⓐ와 얼굴 색상 Ⓓ로 암·수 및 개체가 확연이 구분되어 각 개체를 구분하는 중요한 요인이었으며, 성별미상인 14개체를 제외한 81개체의 상관관계를 분석한 결과(r=-0.635, p<0.01) 유의적인 차이가 나타났으며, 오대산국립공원의 산양은 최소생존개체군을 형성하였기에 복원에서 보전으로 정책의 변화가 필요하다.

This study conducted a full survey of the goral population using sensor cameras to identify the exact habitat of the gorals that inhabit Odaesan National Park and for restoration and habitat management-focused conservation projects following the population growth. We surveyed Odaesan National Park for a year in 2018 and selected18 grids (2km×2km) first based on the survey results. We then further divided each grid into four small grids (1km×1km) and installed a total of 62 sensor cameras in 38 small girds divided by four grids(1km×1km). The survey resulted in a total of 5,096 photographed wild animals, 2,268 of which were gorals, and the analysis by the classification table of goral (horn shape (Ⓐ), ring pattern (Ⓑ), ring formation ratio (Ⓒ), and facial color (Ⓓ)) identified a total of 95 animals. The ratio of male and female was 35 males (36.8%), 46 females (48.4%), and 14 sex unknowns (14.7%), while the ratio of female and male excluding sex unknowns was 4 (male):6 (female). The horn shape (Ⓐ) and face color (Ⓓ) were the important factors for distinguishing male and female and identifying individuals. The analysis of the correlation of 81 individuals, excluding 14 individuals of unknown sex, showed a significant difference (r=-0.635, p<0.01). Since the goral population in Odaesan National Park has reached a minimum viable population, it is necessary to change the focus of the management policy of Odaesan National Park from restoration to conservation.

키워드

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