References
- Sliver L. Smartphone ownership is growing rapidly around the world, but not always equally [Internet]. Washington DC: Pew Research Center; 2019 [cited 2020 February 21]. Available from: https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2019/02/05/smartphone-ownership-is-growing-rapidly-around-the-world-but-not-always-equally/.
- Na EH, Kim DJ. Smartphone addiction. The Journal of Medicine. 2016;91(3):245-248. https://doi.org/10.3904/kjm.2016.91.3.245
- Griffiths MD. Internet addiction: fact or fiction. The Psychologist: Bulletin of the British Psychological Society. 1999;12:246-250.
- Ministry of Science and ITC & National Information Society Agency. The survey of smartphone dependency on 2018. Sejong: Ministry of Science and ITC & Seoul National Information Society Agency; 2019.
- Kim SJ. Exploration and verification of risk factors on smartphone and addiction: focused on personality and use motivation [master's thesis]. Jinju: Gyeongsang National University; 2013. p. 1-41.
- Kim HS. The mediating effect of self-identity in the influence of peer-alienation of youth to mobile phone dependency. The Journal of the Korea Contents Association. 2014;14(12):527-537. https://doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2014.14.12.527
- Cho GY, Kim YH. Factors affecting smartphone addiction among university students. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society. 2014;15(3):1632-1640. https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2014.15.3.1632
- Dan HJ, Bae NH, Koo CM, Wu XH, Kim MY. Relationship of smartphone addiction to physical symptoms and psychological well-being among nursing students: mediatine effect of internet ethics. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration. 2015;21(3):277-286. https://doi.org/10.11111/jkana.2015.21.3.277
- Yun HS, Kwon MS, Yu JS. Mental health and physical health by college students' smartphone addiction. Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing. 2018;32(3):411-423. https://doi.org/10.5932/JKPHN.2018.32.3.411
- Lee KE, Kim SH, Ha TY, Yoo YM, Han JJ, Jung JH, et al. Dependency on smartphone use and its association with anxiety in Korea. Public Health Reports. 2016;131(3):411-419. https://doi.org/10.1177/003335491613100307
- Thomee S, Harenstam A, Hagberg M. Mobile phone use and stress, sleep disturbances, and symptoms of depression among young adults-a prospective cohort study. BMC Public Health. 2011;11:66-77. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-66
- Jeon HO. Effects of academic emotions and interpersonal relations on SNS addiction tendency by gender differences in college students. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society. 2016;17(6):269-277. https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2016.17.6.269
- Lee BK, Kim SW, Kim YJ, Bae JY, Woo SK, Woo HN, et al. The relationship between smartphone usage time and physical and mental health of university students. The Journal of the Korean Society of School Health. 2013;26(1):45-53.
- Jung MS, Ju KO, Song JM, Lee KS. Effects of smartphone overuse on perceived cognitive function, fatigue, and daytime sleepiness among college students. The Journal of the Korean Society of School Health. 2016;29(3):245-255. https://doi.org/10.15434/kssh.2016.26.3.245
- Hwang KH, Yoo YS, Cho OK. Smartphone overuse and upper extremity pain, anxiety, depression, and interpersonal relationships among college students. The Korea Contents Society. 2012;12(10):365-375. https://doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2012.12.10.365
- Im KJ, Hwang SJ, Cho MA, Seo NR, Byun JN. The correlation between smartphone addiction and psychiatric symptoms in college students. The Journal of the Korean Society of School Health. 2013;26(2):124-131.
- Paek KS. A convergence study the association between addictive smartphone use, dry eye syndrome, upper extremity pain and depression among college students. Journal of the Korea Convergence Society. 2017;8(1):61-69. https://doi.org/10.15207/JKCS.2017.8.1.061
- Park JS, Choi MJ, Ma JE, Moon JH, Moon HJ. Influence of cellular phone videos and games on dry eye syndrome in university students. Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing. 2014;25(1):12-23. https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2014.25.1.12
- Kang HJ. The relationships among smartphone use, mental health and physical health-focusing on smartphone users' attitudes. Journal of Digital Convergence. 2016;14(3):483-488. https://doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2016.14.3.483
- Uttarwar P, Vibha D, Prasad K, Srivastava AK, Pandit AK, Dwivedi SN. Smartpnone use and primary headache. Neurology: Clinical Practice. 2020;10(2):1-7. https://doi.org/10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000816
- Oh KS. The effects of smartphone addiction on empathy, selfrespect, and mental health among college students. Journal of Adolescent Behavior Science. 2017;22:45-65.
- Jeong GC. Relationships among mental health, internet addiction, and smartphone addiction in university students. Journal of Korean Contents. 2016;16(4):655-665. https://doi.org/10.5392/JKCA.2016.16.04.655
- Im KJ, Suh MR, Byun JN. The differences in smartphone addiction symptom between highly addicted and non-addicted college students. The Journal of the Korean Society of School Health. 2014;27(3):189-195. https://doi.org/10.15434/kssh.2014.27.3.189
- Kim DI, Ahn HU. A validation study of NEO personality assessment system for adolescents. The Korea Journal of Youth Counseling. 2006;14(1):77-91.
- Hildebrand V, Kerm PV. Income inequality and self-rated health status: evidence from the European community household panel. Demography. 2009;46(4):805-825. https://doi.org/10.1353/dem.0.0071
- Jang IS, Park SM. Factors affecting on smartphone addiction according to the classification of addiction-risk groups among college students: a focus on self-control. Korean Journal of Adult Nursing. 2015;27(6):634-643. https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2015.27.6.634
- Kim HS. The influence of interpersonal relation tendency in SNS commitment among college students: the mediating effected social anxiety. Journal of Human Understanding and Counseling. 2014;35(2):11-26.
- Seo BJ. Smartphone right use: practice guide manual. Seoul: National Information Society Agency: 2017.
- Choi SW, Kim DJ, Choi JS, Ahn HJ, Choi EJ, Song WY, et al. Comparison of risk and protective factors associated with smartphone addiction and internet addiction. Journal of Behavioral Addictions. 2015;4:308-314. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.4.2015.043