DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Numerical study of wake and aerodynamic forces on a twin-box bridge deck with different gap ratios

  • Shang, Jingmiao (Research Center for Wind Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University) ;
  • Zhou, Qiang (Research Center for Wind Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University) ;
  • Liao, Haili (Research Center for Wind Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University) ;
  • Larsen, Allan (COWI Consulting Engineers and Planners A/S) ;
  • Wang, Jin (Research Center for Wind Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University) ;
  • Li, Mingshui (Research Center for Wind Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University)
  • 투고 : 2019.02.28
  • 심사 : 2019.12.04
  • 발행 : 2020.04.25

초록

Two-dimensional Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation (DDES) was carried out to investigate the uniform flow over a twin-box bridge deck (TBBD) with various gap ratios of L/C=5.1%, 12.8%, 25.6%, 38.5%, 73.3% and 108.2% (L: the gap-width between two girders, C: the chord length of a single girder) at Reynolds number, Re=4×104. The aerodynamic coefficients of the prototype deck with gap ratio of 73.3% obtained from the present simulation were compared with the previous experimental and numerical data for different attack angles to validate the present numerical method. Particular attention is devoted to the fluctuating pressure distribution and forces, shear layer reattachment position, wake velocity and flow pattern in order to understand the effects of gap ratio on dynamic flow interaction with the twin-box bridge deck. The flow structure is sensitive to the gap, thus a change in L/C thus leads to single-side shedding regime at L/C≤25.6%, and co-shedding regime at L/C≥35.8% distinguished by drastic changes in flow structure and vortex shedding. The gap-ratio-dependent Strouhal number gradually increases from 0.12 to 0.27, though the domain frequencies of vortices shedding from two girders are identical. The mean and fluctuating pressure distributions is significantly influenced by the flow pattern, and thus the fluctuating lift force on two girders increases or decreases with increasing of L/C in the single-side shedding and co-shedding regime, respectively. In addition, the flow mechanisms for the variation in aerodynamic performance with respect to gap ratios are discussed in detail.

키워드

과제정보

연구 과제 주관 기관 : Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), Central Universities

This research was funded in part by the Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, No. 51708462, 51508333) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (NO.2682016CX006).

참고문헌

  1. Armfield, S. and Street, R. (1999), "The fractional-step method for the navier-stokes equations on staggered grids: the accuracy of three variations", J. Comput. Phys., 153(2), 660-665. https://doi.org/10.1006/jcph.1999.6275.
  2. Chen, W., Lima, S., Li, H. and Hu, H. (2013). "An experimental study of the unsteady vortex and flow atructures around twin-box-girder bridge deck models", Proceedings of the in 31st AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2013-2811.
  3. Chen, W.L., Li, H. and Hu, H. (2014), "An experimental study on the unsteady vortices and turbulent flow structures around twin-box-girder bridge deck models with different gap ratios", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 132, 27-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2014.06.015.
  4. Diana, G., Resta, F., Zasso, A., Belloli, M. and Rocchi, D. (2004), "Forced motion and free motion aeroelastic tests on a new concept dynamometric section model of the Messina suspension bridge", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 92(6), 441-462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2004.01.005.
  5. Fumoto, K. and Watanabe, S. (2015), "An estimation of aerodynamics of slotted one-box girder section using computational fluid dynamics", In Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Computational Wind Engineering, Yokohama, Japan.
  6. Ge, Y. and Xiang, H. (2008), "Bluff body aerodynamics application in challenging bridge span length", In Proceedings of 6th International Colloquium on Bluff Bodies Aerodynamics and Applications.
  7. Kim, S. and Makarov, B. (2005), "An implicit fractional-step method for efficient transient simulation of incompressible flows", Proceedings of the 17th AIAA Computational Fluid Dynamics Conference.
  8. Kwok, K.C., Qin, X.R., Fok, C.H. and Hitchcock, P.A. (2012), "Wind-induced pressures around a sectional twin-deck bridge model: Effects of gap-width on the aerodynamic forces and vortex shedding mechanisms", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 110, 50-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2012.07.010.
  9. Laima, S. and Li, H. (2015), "Effects of gap width on flow motions around twin-box girders and vortex-induced vibrations", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 139, 37-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2015.01.009.
  10. Larose, G.L. and Mann, J. (1998), "Gust loading on streamlined bridge decks", J. Fluids Struct., 12(5), 511-536. https://doi.org/10.1006/jfls.1998.0161.
  11. Larsen, A. (1993), "Aerodynamics aspects of the final design of the 1624m suspension bridge across the great belt", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 48(2-3), 261-285. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(93)90141-A.
  12. Larsen, A., Savage, M., Lafreniere, A., Hui, M.C. and Larsen, S.V. (2008), "Investigation of vortex response of a twin box bridge section at high and low Reynolds numbers", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 96(6-7), 934-944. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2007.06.020.
  13. Leonard, B.P. (1991), "The ULTIMATE conservative difference scheme applied to unsteady one-dimensional advection", Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng., 88(1), 17-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-7825(91)90232-U
  14. Li, H., Laima, S., Ou, J., Zhao, X., Zhou, W., Yu, Y. and Liu, Z. (2011), "Investigation of vortex-induced vibration of a suspension bridge with two separated steel box girders based on field measurements", Eng. Struct., 33(6), 1894-1907. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.02.017.
  15. Li, Z., Zhou, Q., Liao, H. and Ma, C. (2018), "Numerical studies of the suppression of vortex-induced vibrations of twin box girders by central grids", Wind Struct., 26(5), 305-315. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2018.26.5.305.
  16. Ma, C., Wang, J., Li, Q.S. and Liao, H. (2019), "3D aerodynamic admittances of streamlined box bridge decks", Eng. Struct., 179(51778545), 321-331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.11.007.
  17. Menter, F.R. (1994), "Two-equation eddy-viscosity turbulence models for engineering applications", AIAA J., 32(8), 1598-1605. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.12149
  18. Menter, F.R., Kuntz, M. and Langtry, R. (2003), "Ten years of industrial experience with the SST turbulence model", Turbul. Heat Mass Transf., 4(1), 625-632.
  19. Nietoa, F., Kusanoa, I., Hernandeza, S. and Juradoa, J.A. (2010), "CFD analysis of the vortex-shedding response of a twin-box deck cable-stayed bridge", Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Computational Wind Engineering.
  20. Ogawa, K., Shimodoi, H. and Oryu, T. (2002), "Aerodynamic characteristics of a 2-box girder section adaptable for a super-long span suspension bridge", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 90(12-15), 2033-2043. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(02)00319-7.
  21. Qin, X.R., Kwok, K.C., Fok, C.H., Hitchcock, P.A. and Xu, Y.L. (2007), "Wind-induced self-excited vibrations of a twin-deck bridge and the effects of gap-width", Wind Struct., 10(5), 463-479. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2007.10.5.463.
  22. Sato, H., Kusuhara, S., Ogi, K.I. and Matsufuji, H. (2000), "Aerodynamic characteristics of super long-span bridges with slotted box girder", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 88(2-3), 297-306. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(00)00055-6.
  23. Shur, M.L., Spalart, P.R., Strelets, M.K. and Travin, A.K. (2008), "A hybrid RANS-LES approach with delayed-DES and wall-modelled LES capabilities", Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow 29(6), 1638-1649. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2008.07.001.
  24. Sohankar, A. (2008), "Large eddy simulation of flow past rectangular-section cylinders: Side ratio effects", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 96(5), 640-655. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2008.02.009.
  25. Sohankar, A. (2012), "A numerical investigation of the flow over a pair of identical square cylinders in a tandem arrangement", Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids 70(10), 1244-1257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2008.02.009.
  26. Spalart, P.R. (1997), "Comments on the feasibility of LES for wings and on a hybrid RANS/LES approach", Proceedings of the first AFOSR international conference on DNS/LES. Greyden Press.
  27. Spalart, P.R. and Allmaras, S.R. (1992), "A one-equation turbulence model for aerodynamic flows", In 30th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit.
  28. Sumner, D. (2010), "Two circular cylinders in cross-flow: A review", J. Fluids Struct. 26(6), 849-899. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2010.07.001.
  29. Yang, Y. and Ge, Y. (2009), "Aerodynamic flutter control for typical girder sections of long-span cable-supported bridges", Wind Struct., 12(3), 205-217. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2009.12.3.205.
  30. Yang, Y., Li, M., Ma, C. and Li, S. (2017), "Experimental investigation on the unsteady lift of an airfoil in a sinusoidal streamwise gust", Phys. Fluids 29(5). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4984243.
  31. Yang, Y., Zhou, R., Ge, Y. and Zhang, L. (2016), "Experimental studies on VIV performance and countermeasures for twin-box girder bridges with various slot width ratios", J. Fluids Struct., 66, 476-489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2016.08.010.
  32. Zdravkovich, M.M. (1986), "Discussion: Effect of vibrating upstream cylinder of two circular cylinders in tandem arrangement", J. Fluids Eng., 108(1972), 383-385. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3242592.
  33. Zhang, Z., Zhang, X., Yang, Y. and Ge, Y (2017), "Nonlinear aerodynamic and energy input properties of a twin-box girder bridge deck section", J. Fluids Struct., 74, 413-426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2017.06.016.
  34. Zhiwen, L.I.U., Zhengqing, C.H.E.N., Gao, L.I.U. and Xinpeng, S. H.A.O. (2009), "Experimental study of aerodynamic interference effects on aerostatic coefficients of twin deck bridges", Front. Archit. Civil Eng. China., 3(3), 292-298. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11709-009-0048-8.
  35. Zhou, Y. and Mahbub Alam, M. (2016), "Wake of two interacting circular cylinders: a review", Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow, 62(Part B), 510-537. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2016.08.008.
  36. Zhou, Y. and Yiu, M.W. (2006), "Flow structure, momentum and heat transport in a two-tandem-cylinder wake", J. Fluid Mech. 548, 17-48. https://doi.org/10.1017/S002211200500738X.
  37. Zhu, Q. and Xu, Y.L. (2014), "Characteristics of distributed aerodynamic forces on a twin-box bridge deck", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 131, 31-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2014.05.003.