Korean Journal of Audiology (대한청각학회지)

The Korean Audiology Society (대한청각학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Investigating the Effects of Hearing Loss and Hearing Aid Digital Delay on Sound-Induced Flash Illusion

  • Moradi, Vahid (Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Kheirkhah, Kiana (Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical and Computer, Islamic Azad University) ;
  • Farahani, Saeid (Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences) ;
  • Kavianpour, Iman (Department of Telecommunication, School of Engineering Boushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University)
  • Received : 2019.12.22
  • Accepted : 2020.04.28
  • Published : 2020.10.20
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Background and Objectives: The integration of auditory-visual speech information improves speech perception; however, if the auditory system input is disrupted due to hearing loss, auditory and visual inputs cannot be fully integrated. Additionally, temporal coincidence of auditory and visual input is a significantly important factor in integrating the input of these two senses. Time delayed acoustic pathway caused by the signal passing through digital signal processing. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of hearing loss and hearing aid digital delay circuit on sound-induced flash illusion. Subjects and Methods: A total of 13 adults with normal hearing, 13 with mild to moderate hearing loss, and 13 with moderate to severe hearing loss were enrolled in this study. Subsequently, the sound-induced flash illusion test was conducted, and the results were analyzed. Results: The results showed that hearing aid digital delay and hearing loss had no detrimental effect on sound-induced flash illusion. Conclusions: Transmission velocity and neural transduction rate of the auditory inputs decreased in patients with hearing loss. Hence, the integrating auditory and visual sensory cannot be combined completely. Although the transmission rate of the auditory sense input was approximately normal when the hearing aid was prescribed. Thus, it can be concluded that the processing delay in the hearing aid circuit is insufficient to disrupt the integration of auditory and visual information.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The authors would like to thank Prof. Laden Shams for her scientific support during the study.

References

  1. Setti A, Stapleton J, Leahy D, Walsh C, Kenny RA, Newell FN. Improving the efficiency of multisensory integration in older adults: audio-visual temporal discrimination training reduces susceptibility to the sound-induced flash illusion. Neuropsychologia 2014;61:259-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.06.027
  2. Woodhouse L, Hickson L, Dodd B. Review of visual speech perception by hearing and hearing-impaired people: clinical implications. Int J Lang Commun Disord 2009;44:253-70. https://doi.org/10.1080/13682820802090281
  3. Leaver AM, Rauschecker JP. Functional topography of human auditory cortex. J Neurosci 2016;36:1416-28. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0226-15.2016
  4. Bushara KO, Weeks RA, Ishii K, Catalan MJ, Tian B, Rauschecker JP, et al. Modality-specific frontal and parietal areas for auditory and visual spatial localization in humans. Nat Neurosci 1999;2:759-66. https://doi.org/10.1038/11239
  5. De Gelder B, Bertelson P. Multisensory integration, perception and ecological validity. Trends Cogn Sci 2003;7:460-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2003.08.014
  6. Shams L, Kamitani Y, Shimojo S. Visual illusion induced by sound. Brain Res Cogn Brain Res 2002;14:147-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0926-6410(02)00069-1
  7. Shams L, Kamitani Y, Thompson S, Shimojo S. Sound alters visual evoked potentials in humans. Neuroreport 2001;12:3849-52. https://doi.org/10.1097/00001756-200112040-00049
  8. Rosenthal O, Shimojo S, Shams L. Sound-induced flash illusion is resistant to feedback training. Brain Topogr 2009;21:185-92. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10548-009-0090-9
  9. Watkins S, Shams L, Tanaka S, Haynes JD, Rees G. Sound alters activity in human V1 in association with illusory visual perception. Neuroimage 2006;31:1247-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.01.016
  10. Tremblay KL, Piskosz M, Souza P. Effects of age and age-related hearing loss on the neural representation of speech cues. Clin Neurophysiol 2003;114:1332-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1388-2457(03)00114-7
  11. Stone MA, Moore BC. Tolerable hearing aid delays. II. Estimation of limits imposed during speech production. Ear Hear 2002;23:325-38. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003446-200208000-00008
  12. Kamke MR, Vieth HE, Cottrell D, Mattingley JB. Parietal disruption alters audiovisual binding in the sound-induced flash illusion. Neuroimage 2012;62:1334-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2012.05.063
  13. Zampini M, Shore DI, Spence C. Audiovisual temporal order judgments. Exp Brain Res 2003;152:198-210. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-003-1536-z
  14. Zampini M, Guest S, Shore DI, Spence C. Audio-visual simultaneity judgments. Percept Psychophys 2005;67:531-44. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03193329
  15. Tye-Murray N, Sommers MS, Spehar B. Audiovisual integration and lipreading abilities of older adults with normal and impaired hearing. Ear Hear 2007;28:656-68. https://doi.org/10.1097/AUD.0b013e31812f7185
  16. Ching TY, Psarros C, Hill M, Dillon H, Incerti P. Should children who use cochlear implants wear hearing aids in the opposite ear? Ear Hear 2001;22:365-80. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003446-200110000-00002
  17. Overton DJ. Audiovisual integration deficits in schizotypal personality and implications for populations diagnosed with schizophrenia [dissertation]. Toronto: University of Toronto;2015.
  18. Holm VA, Kunze LH. Effect of chronic otitis media on language and speech development. Pediatrics 1969;43:833-9. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.43.5.833
  19. Shams L, Iwaki S, Chawla A, Bhattacharya J. Early modulation of visual cortex by sound: an MEG study. Neurosci Lett 2005;378:76-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2004.12.035
  20. Colonius H, Diederich A. Computing an optimal time window of audiovisual integration in focused attention tasks: illustrated by studies on effect of age and prior knowledge. Exp Brain Res 2011;212:327-37. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-011-2732-x
  21. Eric Lupo J, Koka K, Thornton JL, Tollin DJ. The effects of experimentally induced conductive hearing loss on spectral and temporal aspects of sound transmission through the ear. Hear Res 2011;272:30-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heares.2010.11.003
  22. Huang S, Tian L, Ma X, Wei Y. A reconfigurable sound wave decomposition filterbank for hearing aids based on nonlinear transformation. IEEE Trans Biomed Circuits Syst 2016;10:487-96. https://doi.org/10.1109/TBCAS.2015.2436916
  23. Vroomen J, Keetels M. Perception of intersensory synchrony: a tutorial review. Atten Percept Psychophys 2010;72:871-84. https://doi.org/10.3758/APP.72.4.871
  24. Andersen TS, Tiippana K, Sams M. Factors influencing audiovisual fission and fusion illusions. Brain Res Cogn Brain Res 2004;21:301-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2004.06.004
  25. Hartley DE, Moore DR. Effects of conductive hearing loss on temporal aspects of sound transmission through the ear. Hear Res 2003;177:53-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-5955(02)00797-9
  26. Humes LE, Busey TA, Craig JC, Kewley-Port D. The effects of age on sensory thresholds and temporal gap detection in hearing, vision, and touch. Atten Percept Psychophys 2009;71:860-71. https://doi.org/10.3758/APP.71.4.860
  27. Diederich A, Colonius H, Schomburg A. Assessing age-related multisensory enhancement with the time-window-of-integration model. Neuropsychologia 2008;46:2556-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.03.026
  28. Stone MA, Moore BC. Tolerable hearing aid delays. I. Estimation of limits imposed by the auditory path alone using simulated hearing losses. Ear Hear 1999;20:182-92. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003446-199906000-00002
  29. Pandey A, Mathews VJ. Low-delay signal processing for digital hearing aids. IEEE Trans Audio Speech Lang Process 2010;19:699-710. https://doi.org/10.1109/TASL.2010.2060193
  30. Rohlfs AK, Friedhoff J, Bohnert A, Breitfuss A, Hess M, Muller F, et al. Unilateral hearing loss in children: a retrospective study and a review of the current literature. Eur J Pediatr 2017;176:475-86. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-016-2827-2