Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea (한국경제지리학회지)

The Economic Geographical Society of Korea (한국경제지리학회)
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Regional Innovation Effects of Technopoles of the World: the Case of Sophia Antipolis in France

세계적 테크노폴: 프랑스 소피아 앙티폴리스의 지역혁신 성과

  • Shin, Dong-Ho (Department of Public Administration, Hannam University)
  • Received : 2020.03.17
  • Published : 2020.03.31
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Abstract

The advanced industrial economies have been suffering from rapid de-industrialization since the 1970s. In order to overcome such crisis, many countries have attempted to establish science parks and technopoles. Sophia Antipolis in France is one of the best examples of the worldly known technopoles, which was launched in the late 1960s. However, earlier evaluations on the technopole were not positive, while there were no dynamic innovative activities among institutions and firms of the technopole at least up to the early 1990s. While some changes in such circumstance have been observed since then, this paper attempts to investigate the changes and transformations occurring from the technopole since the late 1990s. Based on the review of the recent publications, statistics and expert interviews, the current paper concludes that Sophia Antipolis has been transformed into a dynamic and innovative technopole.

1950년대에 탈산업화가 시작되면서 선후진국을 막론하여 세계 여러 나라들이 첨단산업집적지, 즉 테크노폴을 조성, 육성하였다. 프랑스의 소피아 앙티폴리스가 그 대표적인 예이다. 소피아 앙티폴리스는 지중해 연안의 관광 도시, 니스 인근지역 출신으로 파리광산대학의 교수와 프랑스 상원의원을 지낸 피에르 라피트(Pierre Laffite)의 제안으로 시작된 유럽 굴지의 테크노폴이다. 이 테크노폴은 1960년대 말부터 조성이 시작되어, 1990년대까지는 입주기관간 시너지효과가 없는 유명 연구기관의 단순한 집적지에 지나지 않은 것으로 평가되었다. 그러나 그 후 많은 변화가 이루어진 것으로 파악되는 바, 연구자는 소피아 앙티폴리스의 조성 과정과 성과, 그리고 그 주변 지역의 변화 등을 비교, 분석하여 정책적, 이론적 시사점을 도출하고자 하였다. 그를 위해 지역혁신론과 경로이론을 검토하여 분석 틀을 작성하였고 그에 기초하여 자료를 수집, 분석하였다. 그러한 연구에 의하면 소피아 앙티폴리스는 지난 50여 년 동안 여러 차례에 걸쳐 정책 거버넌스가 변화되었으며, 물적 성장뿐만 아니라 지역내 많은 혁신효과를 가져왔고, 역동적인 혁신환경도 조성된 것으로 파악된다.

Keywords

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