Membrane and Water Treatment

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Synthesis of polysulfone beads impregnated with Ca-sepiolite for phosphate removal

  • Hong, Seung-Hee (Department of Integrated System Engineering, Hankyong National University) ;
  • Lee, Chang-Gu (Department of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Ajou University) ;
  • Jeong, Sanghyun (Department of Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University) ;
  • Park, Seong-Jik (Department of Bioresources and Rural System Engineering, Hankyong National University)
  • Received : 2019.10.29
  • Accepted : 2019.12.04
  • Published : 2020.01.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Former studies revealed that sepiolite thermally treated at high temperature have high adsorption capacity for phosphate. However, its micron size (75 ㎛) limits its application to water treatment. In this study, we synthesized sepiolite impregnated polysulfone (PSf) beads to separate it easily from an aqueous solution. PSf beads with different sepiolite ratios were synthesized and their efficiencies were compared. The PSf beads with 30% impregnated sepiolite (30SPL-PSf bead) possessed the optimum sepiolite ratio for phosphate removal. Kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic adsorption experiments were performed using the 30SPL-PSf bead. Equilibrium adsorption was achieved in 24 h, and the pseudo-first-order model was suitable for describing the phosphate adsorption at different reaction times. The Langmuir model was appropriate for describing the phosphate adsorption onto the 30SPL-PSf bead, and the maximum adsorption capacity of the 30SPL-PSf bead obtained from the model was 24.48 mg-PO4/g. Enthalpy and entropy increased during the phosphate adsorption onto the 30SPL-PSf bead, and Gibb's free energy at 35 ℃ was negative. An increase in the solution pH from 3 to 11 induced a decrease in the phosphate adsorption amount from 27.30 mg-PO4/g to 21.54 mg-PO4/g. The competitive anion influenced the phosphate adsorption onto the 30SPL-PSf bead was in the order of NO3- > SO42- > HCO3-. The phosphate breakthrough from the column packed with the 30SPL-PSf bead began after ~2000 min, reaching the influent concentration after ~8000 min. The adsorption amounts per unit mass of 30SPL-PSf and removal efficiency were 0.775 mg-PO4/g and 61.6%, respectively. This study demonstrates the adequate performance of 30SPL-PSf beads as a filter for phosphate removal from aqueous solutions.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)

References

  1. An, B. (2018), "Removal of both cation and anion pollutant from solution using hydrogel chitosan bead", J. Korean Soc. Water Wastewater, 32(3), 253-259. https://doi.org/10.11001/jksww.2018.32.3.253.
  2. Barca, C., Gerente, C., Meyer, D., Chazarenc, F. and Andres, Y. (2012), "Phosphate removal from synthetic and real wastewater using steel slags produced in Europe", Water Res., 46(7), 2376-2384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2012.02.012.
  3. Berg, U., Neumann, T., Donnert, D., Nuesch, R. and Stuben, D. (2004), "Sediment capping in eutrophic lakes-efficiency of undisturbed calcite barriers to immobilize phosphorus", Appl. Geochem, 19(11), 1759-1771. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2004.05.004.
  4. Bulut, E., Ozacar, M. and Sengil, IA (2008), "Equilibrium and kinetic data and process design for adsorption of Congo Red onto bentonite", J. Hazard. Mater., 154(1-3), 613-622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.10.071.
  5. Cassagne, N., Remaury, M., Gauquelin, T. and Fabre, A. (2000), "Forms and profile distribution of soil phosphorus in alpine Inceptisols and Spodosols (Pyrenees, France)", Geoderma, 95(1-2), 161-172. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7061(99)00093-2.
  6. Chouyyok, W., Wiacek, R.J., Pattamakomsan, K., Sangvanich, T., Grudzien, R.M., Fryxell, G.E. and Yantasee, W. (2010), "Phosphate removal by anion binding on functionalized nanoporous sorbents", Environ. Sci. Technol., 44(8), 3073-3078. https://doi.org/10.1021/es100787m.
  7. Clark, D., Gu, A.Z. and Neethling, J.B. (2005), "Achieving extremely low effluent phosphorus in wastewater treatment", Waterscapes, 16(3), 15-17.
  8. Dikmen, S., Yilmaz, G., Yorukogullari, E. and Korkmaz, E. (2012), "Zeta potential study of natural-and acid-activated sepiolites in electrolyte solutions", Can. J. Chem. Eng., 90(3), 785-792. https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.20573.
  9. Gan, F., Zhou, J., Wang, H., Du, C. and Chen, X. (2009), "Removal of phosphate from aqueous solution by thermally treated natural palygorskite", Water Res., 43(11), 2907-2915. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2009.03.051.
  10. Gao, L., Zhang, L., Hou, J., Wei, Q., Fu, F. and Shao, H. (2013), "Decomposition of macroalgal blooms influences phosphorus release from the sediments and implications for coastal restoration in Swan Lake, Shandong, China", Ecol. Eng., 60, 19-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.07.055.
  11. Gu, B.W., Lee, C.G., Lee, T.G. and Park, S.J. (2017), "Evaluation of sediment capping with activated carbon and nonwoven fabric mat to interrupt nutrient release from lake sediments", Sci. Total. Environ, 599, 413-421. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.212.
  12. Han, Y.U., Lee, C.G., Park, J.A., Kang, J.K., Lee, I. and Kim, S.B. (2012), "Immobilization of layered double hydroxide into polyvinyl alcohol/alginate hydrogel beads for phosphate removal", Environ. Eng. Res., 17(3), 133-138. https://doi.org/10.4491/eer.2012.17.3.133.
  13. Han, Y.U., Lee, W.S., Lee, C.G., Park, S.J., Kim, K.W. and Kim, S.B. (2011), "Entrapment of Mg-Al layered double hydroxide in calcium alginate beads for phosphate removal from aqueous solution", Desalin. Water Treat, 36(1-3), 178-186. https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2011.2254.
  14. Huang, W.Y., Li, D., Yang, J., Liu, Z.Q., Zhu, Y., Tao, Q., Xu, K., Li, J.Q. and Zhang, Y.M. (2013), "One-pot synthesis of Fe (III)-coordinated diamino-functionalized mesoporous silica: Effect of functionalization degrees on structures and phosphate adsorption", Micropor. Mesopor Mat, 170, 200-210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2012.10.027.
  15. Hui, K.S., Chao, C.Y.H. and Kot, S.C. (2005), "Removal of mixed heavy metal ions in wastewater by zeolite 4A and residual products from recycled coal fly ash", J. Hazard. Mater, 127(1-3), 89-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.06.027.
  16. Kang, K., Lee, C.G., Choi, J.W., Hong, S.G. and Park, S.J. (2017), "Application of thermally treated crushed concrete granules for the removal of phosphate: a cheap adsorbent with high adsorption capacity", Water Air. Soil. Poll, 228(1), 8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-016-3196-1.
  17. Kim, J.H., Kang, J.K., Lee, S.C. and Kim, S.B. (2019), "Immobilization of layered double hydroxide in poly (vinylidene fluoride)/poly (vinyl alcohol) polymer matrices to synthesize bead-type adsorbents for phosphate removal from natural water", Appl. Clay. Sci., 170, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2019.01.004.
  18. Kim, K.S., Lee, K.H., Cho, K. and Park, C.E. (2002), "Surface modification of polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane by oxygen plasma treatment", J. Membrane. Sci., 199(1-2), 135-145. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0376-7388(01)00686-X.
  19. Kim, M.J., Lee, J.H. and Park, S.J. (2018), "Manufacture of High Efficiency Phosphate Adsorbent by Thermal Treatment of Dolomite", KSWST J. Water Treat., 26(1), 69-78.
  20. Liang, X., Xu, Y., Wang, L., Sun, Y., Lin, D., Sun, Y., Qin, X. and Wan, Q. (2013), "Sorption of $Pb^{2+}$ on mercapto functionalized sepiolite", Chemosphere, 90(2), 548-555. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.08.027.
  21. Liu, L., Chen, H., Shiko, E., Fan, X., Zhou, Y., Zhang, G., Luo, X. and Hu, X.E. (2018), "Low-cost DETA impregnation of acid-activated sepiolite for $CO_2$ capture", Chem. Eng. J., 353, 940-948. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2018.07.086.
  22. Loganathan, P., Vigneswaran, S., Kandasamy, J. and Bolan, N.S. (2014), "Removal and recovery of phosphate from water using sorption", Crit. Rev. Env. Sci. Tec, 44(8), 847-907. https://doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2012.741311.
  23. Ma, Y., Shi, F., Ma, J., Wu, M., Zhang, J. and Gao, C. (2011), "Effect of PEG additive on the morphology and performance of polysulfone ultrafiltration membranes", Desalination, 272(1-3), 51-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2010.12.054.
  24. Mallin, M.A., Johnson, V.L., Ensign, S.H. and MacPherson, T.A. (2006), "Factors contributing to hypoxia in rivers, lakes, and streams", Limnol. Oceanogr, 51(1part2), 690-701. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2006.51.1_part_2.0690.
  25. Mok, S., Worsfold, D.J., Fouda, A. and Matsuura, T. (1994), "Surface modification of polyethersulfone hollow-fiber membranes by ${\gamma}$-ray irradiation", J. Appl. Polym., 51(1), 193-199. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070510120.
  26. Navarro, C., Diaz, M. and Villa-Garcia, M.A. (2010), "Physico-chemical characterization of steel slag. Study of its behavior under simulated environmental conditions", Environ. Sci. Technol., 44(14), 5383-5388. https://doi.org/10.1021/es100690b.
  27. Park, S.J., Lee, C.G., Kim, J.H., Kim, S.B., Chang, Y.Y. and Yang, J.K. (2015), "Bimetallic oxide-coated sand filter for simultaneous removal of bacteria, Fe (II), and Mn (II) in small- and pilot-scale column experiments", Desalin. Water Treat., 54(12), 3380-3391. https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2014.909333.
  28. Peng, J.F., Wang, B.Z., Song, Y.H., Yuan, P. and Liu, Z. (2007), "Adsorption and release of phosphorus in the surface sediment of a wastewater stabilization pond", Ecol. Eng., 31(2), 92-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2007.06.005.
  29. Petkuviene, J., Zilius, M., Lubiene, I., Ruginis, T., Giordani, G., Razinkovas-Baziukas, A. and Bartoli, M. (2016), "Phosphorus cycling in a freshwater estuary impacted by cyanobacterial blooms", Estuar. Coasts., 39(5), 1386-1402. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-016-0078-0.
  30. Ramasahayam, S.K., Guzman, L., Gunawan, G. and Viswanathan, T. (2014), "A comprehensive review of phosphorus removal technologies and processes", J. Macromol. Science, Part A, 51(6), 538-545. https://doi.org/10.1080/10601325.2014.906271.
  31. Ruttenberg, K.C. (2003), "The Global Phosphorus Cycle", Treatise on Geochemistry, 585-643. https://doi.org/10.1016/B0-08-043751-6/08153-6.
  32. Shieh, J.J., Chung, T.S., Wang, R., Srinivasan, M.P. and Paul, D.R. (2001), "Gas separation performance of poly (4-vinylpyridine)/polyetherimide composite hollow fibers", J. Membrane. Sci, 182(1-2), 111-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0376-7388(00)00560-3.
  33. Simonin, J.P. (2016), "On the comparison of pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order rate laws in the modeling of adsorption kinetics", Chem. Eng. J., 300, 254-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2016.04.079.
  34. Summers, R.S., Knappe, D.R. and Snoeyink, V.L. (2011), "Adsorption of organic compounds by activated carbon", Water Quality and Treatment: A Handbook on Drinking Water, 6th Edition., McGraw-Hill, New York, U.S.A.
  35. Yin, H., Kong, M. and Fan, C. (2013), "Batch investigations on P immobilization from wastewaters and sediment using natural calcium rich sepiolite as a reactive material", Water Res., 47(13), 4247-4258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2013.04.044.
  36. Yin, H., Yun, Y., Zhang, Y. and Fan, C. (2011), "Phosphate removal from wastewaters by a naturally occurring, calcium-rich sepiolite", J. Hazard. Mater., 198, 362-369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.10.072.
  37. Yurekli, Y. (2016), "Removal of heavy metals in wastewater by using zeolite nano-particles impregnated polysulfone membranes", J. Hazard. Mater., 309, 53-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.01.064.