Korean Journal of Plant Resources (한국자원식물학회지)

The Plant Resources Society of Korea (한국자원식물학회)
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Community Structure and Species Composition of Pinus densiflora for. erecta Forest in Mt. Cheonchuk

천축산 일대 금강소나무림의 군집구조 및 종조성

  • Byeon, Jun Gi (Baekdudaegan Biodiversity Conservation Division, Baekdudaegan National Arboretum) ;
  • Park, Byeong Joo (Baekdudaegan Biodiversity Conservation Division, Baekdudaegan National Arboretum) ;
  • Joo, Sung Hyun (Department of Forestry, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Cheon, KwangIl (National Institute of Ecology)
  • 변준기 (국립백두대간수목원 백두대간종보존실) ;
  • 박병주 (국립백두대간수목원 백두대간종보존실) ;
  • 주성현 (경북대학교 임학과) ;
  • 천광일 (국립생태원)
  • Received : 2019.03.27
  • Accepted : 2019.06.26
  • Published : 2020.02.01
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Abstract

This study was conducted to analyze community structure and species composition of Pinus densiflora for. erecta Stand in Mt. Cheonchuk (653 m). Field survey was carried out from June to September in 2013. 74 plots (20×20 m) were set up, 5 herb layer plots (3×3 m) were constructed for each plot, and there, Diameter at Breast Heigh t(DBH), height, environmental factor, annual growth were measured. Vascular plants were surveyed as following; 66 family, 165 genus, 211 species, 2 sub species, 29 variety, 6 form 248 taxa. Results of cluster analysis for P. densiflora for. erecta forest, 3 communities were divided into; Quercus mongolica (P-1), Quercus variabilis (P-2) and Quercus aliena-Stephanandra incisa (P-3). There were significant environmental factors that organic layer, annual growth, CEC, total total nitrogen, organic matter and pH for each community. As a result of DCA, P-1 and P-2 were distributed large range of environmental factors but relatively limited in P-3. Distributions of herb layer were affected by sand, cation exchange capacity, silt and total nitrogen. Results of MRPP test for herb layer communities, it was significantly analyzed (A=0.003, P<0.008). Species diversity index was highly recorded in P-3 and influenced by cation exchange capacity, total nitrogen, annual growth in consequence of NMS analysis.

경상북도 울진군에 위치한 천축산 일대 금강소나무림을 중심으로 한 군집구조와 종조성에 대한 분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 조사지 내 관속식물상은 총 66과 165속 211종 2아종 29변종 6품종으로 248분류군으로 조사되었으며 금강소나무림을 중심으로 신갈나무 군집, 굴참나무 군집, 갈참나무-국수나무 군집으로 3가지 군집으로 분류되었다. 군집 간 토양의 이화학적 성질의 차이는 유기물층 깊이, 연년생장량, 해발고도, 양이온치환용량, 전질소, pH 등의 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 하층식생을 중심으로 한 DCA 분석 결과 P-1, P-2의 조사구가 광범위한 환경에 분포하는 것에 반해 P-3 군집은 두 군집과 비교하여 이질적인 종조성인 것으로 분석되었다. 종다양도와 지표종 분석결과 P-3군집에서 목본층과 하층식생의 종풍부도 및 종다양도 지수가 높은 것으로 분석되었는데, 이는 숲틈에 의한 임내 광량이 다량 유입되어 선구종(pioneer species) 및 여러 식물종이 생육하기 용이한 공간을 마련한 결과로 나타났다(Schnitzer and Carson, 2001). 이에 따른 만경류와 같은 수관열림에 의한 수종 유입에 따른 금강소나무의 피해를 방지하기 위한 장기적인 모니터링을 실시하여 임내 환경과 하층식생의 변화상을 관찰하여야 한다. 특정지역에 대한 생태적 데이터베이스의 구축은 생태계 보전을 위한 기초자료로 활용되며 이는 곧 서식처로 삼고있는 동물들의 보전으로 이어져 생물다양성과 종간 상호작용이 원활하게 이루어져 건전한 생태계를 유지한다. 이를 위한 효율적인 보전방안의 하나는 GIS (Geographic Information System) 데이터를구축하는 것으로 대면적 생태경관보전지역의 경우 공간적 범위가 넓어 인간이 수동적으로 인지하기에 한계가 있기 때문에 효과적인 관리 방법이 될 것이다. 또한 연구대상지 내 수집한 데이터를 정량화 시키고 유기적인 경관보전을 위해 장기적인 모니터링이 요구되며, 이는 왕피천 유역의 시계열적인 생태계를 이해하는 방법이다.

Keywords

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