Clean Technology (청정기술)

The Korean Society of Clean Technology (한국청정기술학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Tulip Tree (Liriodendron) for Upgrading Bio-oil in a Bubbling Fluidized Bed Reactor

  • Ly, Hoang Vu (Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Kim, Jinsoo (Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Kim, Seung-Soo (Department of Chemical Engineering, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Woo, Hee Chul (Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Choi, Suk Soon (Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Semyung University)
  • Received : 2020.02.01
  • Accepted : 2020.02.20
  • Published : 2020.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The bio-oil produced from the fast pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass contains a high amount of oxygenates, causing variation in the properties of bio-oil, such as instability, high acidity, and low heating value, reducing the quality of the bio-oil. Consequently, an upgrading process should be recommended ensuring that these bio-oils are widely used as fuel sources. Catalytic fast pyrolysis has attracted a great deal of attention as a promising method for producing upgraded bio-oil from biomass feedstock. In this study, the fast pyrolysis of tulip tree was performed in a bubbling fluidized-bed reactor under different reaction temperatures, with and without catalysts, to investigate the effects of pyrolysis temperature and catalysts on product yield and bio-oil quality. The system used silica sand, ferric oxides (Fe2O3 and Fe3O4), and H-ZSM-5 as the fluidized-bed material and nitrogen as the fluidizing medium. The liquid yield reached the highest value of 49.96 wt% at 450 ℃, using Fe2O3 catalyst, compared to 48.45 wt% for H-ZSM-5, 47.57 wt% for Fe3O4 and 49.03 wt% with sand. Catalysts rejected oxygen mostly as water and produced a lower amount of CO and CO2, but a higher amount of H2 and hydrocarbon gases. The catalytic fast pyrolysis showed a high ratio of H2/CO than sand as a bed material.

Keywords

References

  1. Bach, Q.-V., Trinh, T. N., Tran, K.-Q., and Thi, N. B. D., "Pyrolysis Characteristics and Kinetics of Biomass Torrefied in Various Atmospheres", Energy Convers. Manage., 141, 72-78 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2016.04.097
  2. Hamzehkolaei, F. T., and Amjady, N., "A Techno-economic Assessment for Replacement of Conventional Fossil Fuel Based Technologies in Animal Farms with Biogas Fueled CHP Units", Renew. Energy, 118, 602-614 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2017.11.054
  3. Maliutina, K., Tahmasebi, A, Yu, J., and Saltykov, S. N., "Comparative Study on Flash Pyrolysis Characteristics of Microalgal and Lignocellulosic Biomass in Entrained-flow Reactor", Energy Convers. Manage., 151, 426-438 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2017.09.013
  4. Mullen, C. A., Boateng, A. A., Goldberg, N. M., Lima, I. M., Laird, D. A., and Hicks, K. B., "Bio-oil and Bio-char Production from Corn Cobs and Stover by Fast Pyrolysis", Biomass Bioenerg., 34, 67-74 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2009.09.012
  5. Kim, S.-S., Shenoy, A., and Agblevor, F., "Themogravimetric and Kinetic Study of Pinyon Pine in the Various Gases", Bioresour. Technol., 156, 297-302 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.01.066
  6. Ly, H. V., Lim, D.-H., Sim, J. W., Kim, S.-S., and Kim, J., "Catalytic Pyrolysis of Tulip Tree (Liriodendron) in Bubbling Fluidized-bed Reactor for Upgrading Bio-oil using Dolomite Catalyst", Energy, 162, 564-575 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.08.001
  7. Ly, H. V., Kim, S.-S., Kim, J., Choi, J. H., and Woo, H. C., "Effect of Acid Washing on Pyrolysis of Cladophora Socialis Alga in Microtubing Reactor", Energy Convers. Manag., 106, 260-267 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2015.09.041
  8. Ly, H. V., Kim, S.-S., Woo, H. C., Choi, J. H., Suh, D. J., and Kim, J., "Fast Pyrolysis of Macroalga Saccharina japonica in a Bubbling Fluidized-bed Reactor for Bio-oil Production", Energy, 93, 1436-1446 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2015.10.011
  9. Yang, H.-S., Hyun, J.-H., Yoon, B.-Y., and Kim, H.-K., "Comparison of Yield of Pyrolysis Oil by Operating Condition in Batch Type Pyrolysis using Plastic Wastes", J. Korea Soc. Waste Manag., 36(4), 361-367 (2019). https://doi.org/10.9786/kswm.2019.36.4.361
  10. Elkhalifa, S., Al-Ansari, T., Mackey, H. R., and McKay, G., "Food Waste to Biochars through Pyrolysis: A Review", Resour. Conserv. Recy., 144, 310-320 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.01.024
  11. Choi, M. K., Kang, S. J., Kim, H. S., Park, H. C., and Choi, H. S., "Numerical Study on Injection Characteristics of Bio-oil using Twin Fluid Nozzle for Bio-oil Gasification Reactor", J. Korea Soc. Waste Manag., 36(3), 267-277 (2019). https://doi.org/10.9786/kswm.2019.36.3.267
  12. He, Z., and Wang, X., "Hydrodeoxygenation of Model Compounds and Catalytic Systems for Pyrolysis Bio-oils Upgrading", Catal. Sustain. Energy, 1, 28-52 (2012).
  13. Le, T. A., Ly, H. V., Kim, J., Kim, S.-S., Choi, J. H., Woo, H. C., and Othman, M. R., "Hydrodeoxygenation of 2-furyl Methyl Ketone as a Model Conpound in Bio-oil from Pyrolysis of Saccharaina japonica Alga in Fixe-bed Reactor", Chem. Eng. J., 105, 157-163 (2014).
  14. Gupta, J., Papadikis, K., Kozhevnikov, I. V., and Konysheva, E. Y., "Exploring the potential of red mud and beechwood co-processing for the upgrading of fast pyrolysis vapours", J. Anal. Appl. Pyrol. 111, 35-43 (2017).
  15. Ly, H. V., Kim, J., Hwang, H. T., Choi, J. H., Woo, H. C., and Kim, S.-S., "Catalytic Hydrodeoxygenation of Fast Pyrolysis Bio-Oil from Saccharina japonica Alga for Bio-Oil Upgrading", Catalysts, 9, 1043 (2019). https://doi.org/10.3390/catal9121043
  16. Graca, I., Lopes, J. M., Cerqueira, H. S., and Ribeiro, M. F., "Bio-oils upgrading for second generation biofuels", Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 52, 275-287 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1021/ie301714x
  17. Ly, H. V., Choi, J. H., Woo, H. C., Kim, S.-S., and Kim, J., "Upgrading Bio-oil by Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Acid-washed Saccharina japonica Alga in a Fluidized-bed Reactor", Renew. Energy, 133, 11-22 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2018.09.103
  18. Park, H. J., Heo, H. S., Yim, J. H., Jeon, J. K., Ko, Y. S., Kim, S. S., and Park, Y. K. "Catalytic Pyrolysis of Japanese Larch using Spent HZSM-5", Korean J. Chem. Eng., 27(1), 73-75 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11814-009-0344-y
  19. Ly, H. V., Park, J. W., Kim, S.-S., Hwang, H. T., Kim, J., and Woo, H. C., "Catalytic Pyrolysis of Bamboo in a Bubbling Fluidized-bed Reactor with Two Different Catalysts: HZSM-5 and Red Mud for Upgrading Bio-oil", Renew. Energy in press.
  20. Wang, B., Wang, H., Liu, G., Li, X., and Wu, J., "Conversion of Dimethyl Ether to Toluene under an $O_2$ Stream over W/HZSM-5 Catalysts", Catal. Sci. Technol., 5, 1813-1820 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1039/C4CY01445F
  21. Tirupanyam, B. V., Srinivas, C., Meena, S. S., Yusuf, S. M., Kumar, A. S., Sastry, D. L., and Seshubai, V., "Investigation of Structural and Magnetic Properties of Co-precipitated Mn-Ni Ferrite Nanoparticles in the Presence of ${\alpha}-Fe_2O_3$ phase", J. Magn. Magn. Mater, 392, 101-106 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2015.05.010
  22. Ebadi, M., Buskaran, K., Saifullah, B., Fakurazi, S., and Hussein, M. Z., "The Impact of Magnesium-Aluminum-Layered Double Hydroxide-Based Polyvinyl Alcohol Coated on Magnetite on the Preparation of Core-Shell Nanoparticles as a Drug Delivery Agent", Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20(15), 3764 (2019). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20153764
  23. Lorenzetti, C., Conti, R., Fabbri, D., and Yanik, J., "A Comparative Study on the Catalytic Effect of H-ZSM5 on Upgrading of Pyrolysis Vapors Derived from Lignocellulosic and Proteinaceous Biomass", Fuel, 166, 446-452 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2015.10.051
  24. Channiwala, S. A., and Parikh, P. P., "A Unified Correlation for Estimating HHV of Solid, Liquid and Gaseous Fuels", Fuel, 81, 1051-1063 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-2361(01)00131-4
  25. Maisano, S., Urbani, F., Mondello, N., and Chiodo, V., "Catalytic Pyrolysis of Mediterranean Sea Plant for Bio-oil Production", Int. J. Hydrog. Energy, 42, 28082-28092 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.07.124
  26. Idem, R. O., Katikaneni, S. P. R., and Bakhshi, N. N., "Thermal Cracking of Canola Oil: Reaction Products in the Presence and Absence of Steam", Energy Fuels, 10, 1150-1162 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1021/ef960029h
  27. Kantarelis, E., "Catalytic Steam Pyrolysis of Biomass for Production of Liquid Feedstock", KTH-Royal Institute of Technology 162. ISBN 978-91-7595-023-5 (2014).
  28. Liu, T.-L., Cao, J.-P., Zhao, X.-Y., Wang, J.-X., Ren, X.-Y., Fan, X., Zhao, Y.-P., and Wei, X.-Y., "In situ Upgrading of Shengli Lignite Pyrolysis Vapors over Metal-loaded HZSM-5 Catalyst", Fuel Process. Technol., 160, 19-26 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2017.02.012
  29. Lopez, A., Marco de, I., Caballero, B. M., Laresgoiti, M. F., Adrados, A., and Aranzabal, A., "Catalytic Pyrolysis of Plastic Wastes with two Different Types of Catalysts: ZSM-5 zeolite and Red Mud", Appl. Catal. B., 104, 211-219 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2011.03.030
  30. Sweygers, N., Somers, M. H., and Appels, L., "Optimization of Hydrothermal Conversion of Bamboo (Phyllostachys aureosulcata) to Levulinic Acid via Response Surface Methodology", J. Environ. Manage., 219, 95-102 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.04.105
  31. Wang, S., Xi, Z., Bai, X., Yi, W., and Fu, P., "Catalytic Pyrolysis of Lignin in a Cascade Dual-catalyst System of Modified Red Mud and HZSM-5 for Aromatic Hydrocarbon Production", Bioresour. Technol., 278, 66-72 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.037