Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Complete Genome and Calcium Carbonate Precipitation of Alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. AK13 for Self-Healing Concrete

  • Jung, Yoonhee (Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Seed Technology, Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, Korea University) ;
  • Kim, Wonjae (Laboratory of Molecular Environmental Microbiology, Department of Environmental Sciences and Ecological Engineering, Korea University) ;
  • Kim, Wook (Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Seed Technology, Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, Korea University) ;
  • Park, Woojun (Laboratory of Molecular Environmental Microbiology, Department of Environmental Sciences and Ecological Engineering, Korea University)
  • Received : 2019.08.23
  • Accepted : 2019.10.28
  • Published : 2020.03.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Bacteria that are resistant to high temperatures and alkaline environments are essential for the biological repair of damaged concrete. Alkaliphilic and halotolerant Bacillus sp. AK13 was isolated from the rhizosphere of Miscanthus sacchariflorus. Unlike other tested Bacillus species, the AK13 strain grows at pH 13 and withstands 11% (w/v) NaCl. Growth of the AK13 strain at elevated pH without urea promoted calcium carbonate (CaCO3) formation. Irregular vaterite-like CaCO3 minerals that were tightly attached to cells were observed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and X-ray diffraction analyses confirmed the presence of CaCO3 around the cell. Isotope ration mass spectrometry analysis confirmed that the majority of CO32- ions in the CaCO3 were produced by cellular respiration rather than being derived from atmospheric carbon dioxide. The minerals produced from calcium acetate-added growth medium formed smaller crystals than those formed in calcium lactate-added medium. Strain AK13 appears to heal cracks on mortar specimens when applied as a pelletized spore powder. Alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. AK13 is a promising candidate for self-healing agents in concrete.

Keywords

References

  1. Falkowski PG, Fenchel T, Delong EF. 2008. The microbial engines that drive Earth's biogeochemical cycles. Science 320: 1034-1039. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1153213
  2. Lee YS, Park W. 2019. Enhanced calcium carbonate-biofilm complex formation by alkali-generating Lysinibacillus boronitolerans YS11 and alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. AK13. AMB Express. 9: 49. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-019-0773-x
  3. De Muynck W, De Belie N, Verstraete W. 2010. Microbial carbonate precipitation in construction materials: a review. Ecol. Eng. 36: 118-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2009.02.006
  4. Banks ED, Taylor NM, Gulley J, Lubbers BR, Giarrizzo JG, Bullen HA, et al. 2010. Bacterial calcium carbonate precipitation in cave environments: a function of calcium homeostasis. Geomicrobiol. J. 27: 444-454. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490450903485136
  5. Gat D, Ronen Z, Tsesarsky M. 2016. Soil bacteria population dynamics following stimulation for ureolytic microbialinduced $CaCO_3$ precipitation. Environ. Sci. Technol. 50: 616-624. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b04033
  6. Zhu T, Dittrich M. 2016. Carbonate precipitation through microbial activities in natural environment, and their potential in biotechnology: a review. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol. 4: 4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2016.00004
  7. Ramos-Cormenzana A, del Moral A, Rivadeneyra MA, Ferrer MR, Delgado R. 1994. Precipitation of calcium carbonate by Vibrio spp. from an inland saltern. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 13: 197-204. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1994.tb00066.x
  8. Hammes F, Verstraete W. 2002. Key roles of pH and calcium metabolism in microbial carbonate precipitation. Rev. Environ. Sci. Bio. 1: 3-7. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015135629155
  9. Rodriguez-Navarro C, Rodriguez-Gallego M, Chekroun KB, Gonzalez-Munoz MT. 2003. Conservation of ornamental stone by Myxococcus xanthus-induced carbonate biomineralization. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69: 2182-2193. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.69.4.2182-2193.2003
  10. Castanier S, Le Metayer-Levrel G, Perthuisot JP. 1999. Ca-carbonates precipitation and limestone genesis - the microbiogeologist point of view. Sediment. Geol. 126: 9-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0037-0738(99)00028-7
  11. Dittrich M, Kurz P, Wehrli B. 2004. The role of autotrophic picocyanobacteria in calcite precipitation in an oligotrophic lake. Geomicrobiol. J. 21: 45-53. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490450490253455
  12. Dupraz C, Reid RP, Braissant O, Decho AW, Norman RS, Visscher PT. 2009. Processes of carbonate precipitation in modern microbial mats. Earth-Sci. Rev. 96: 141-162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2008.10.005
  13. Hamdan N, Kavazanjian E, Rittmann BE, Karatas I. 2017. Carbonate mineral precipitation for soil improvement through microbial denitrification. Geomicrobiol. J. 34: 139-146. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490451.2016.1154117
  14. Jeong JH, Jo YS, Park CS, Kang CH, So JS. 2017. Biocementation of concrete pavements using microbially induced calcite precipitation. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 27: 1331-1335. https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1701.01041
  15. Park SJ, Park JM, Kim W, Ghim SY. 2012. Application of Bacillus subtilis 168 as a multifunctional agent for improvement of the durability of cement mortar. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 22: 1568-1574. https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1202.02047
  16. Bundeleva IA, Shirokova LS, Benezeth P, Pokrovsky OS, Kompantseva EI, Balor S. 2012. Calcium carbonate precipitation by anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria. Chem. Geol. 291: 116-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.10.003
  17. Zhang W, Ju Y, Zong Y, Qi H, Zhao K. 2018. In situ real-time study on dynamics of microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation at a single-cell level. Environ. Sci. Technol. 52: 9266-9276. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b02660
  18. Ghosh T, Bhaduri S, Montemagno C, Kumar A. 2019. Sporosarcina pasteurii can form nanoscale calcium carbonate crystals on cell surface. PLoS One 14(1): e0210339 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0210339
  19. Kim HJ, Shin B, Lee YS, Park W. 2017. Modulation of calcium carbonate precipitation by exopolysaccharide in Bacillus sp. JH7. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 101: 6551-6561. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-017-8372-8
  20. Tourney J, Ngwenya BT. 2009. Bacterial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) mediate $CaCO_3$ morphology and polymorphism. Chem. Geol. 262: 138-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2009.01.006
  21. Reddy MS. 2013. Biomineralization of calcium carbonates and their engineered applications: a review. Front. Microbiol. 4: 314. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2013.00314
  22. Chaturvedi S, Chandra R, Rai V. 2006. Isolation and characterization of Phragmites australis (L.) rhizosphere bacteria from contaminated site for bioremediation of colored distillery effluent. Ecol. Eng. 27: 202-207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2006.02.008
  23. Simon MA, Bonner JS, Page CA, Townsend RT, Mueller DC, Fuller CB, et al. 2004. Evaluation of two commercial bioaugmentation products for enhanced removal of petroleum from a wetland. Ecol. Eng. 22: 263-277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2004.06.005
  24. Al-Thawadi SM. 2011. Ureolytic bacteria and calcium carbonate formation as a mechanism of strength enhancement of sand. J. Adv. Sci. Eng. Res. 1: 98-114.
  25. Jonkers HM, Schlangen E. 2007. Self-healing of cracked concrete: a bacterial approach. Available from https://framcos.org/FraMCoS-6.php#gsc.tab=0. Accessed July. 20, 2019.
  26. De Belie N, Wang J, Bundur ZB, Paine K. 2017. Bacteria based concrete. pp. 531-567. In Pacheco-Torgal F, Melchers R, De Belie N, Shi X, Van Tittelboom K, Saez Perez A (eds). Eco-efficient Repair and Rehabilitation of Concrete Infrastructures, 1st Ed. Woodhead publishing, Sawston, Cambridge.
  27. Gupta S, Dai Pang S, Kua HW. 2017. Autonomous healing in concrete by bio-based healing agents-A review. Constr. Build. Mater. 146: 419-428. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.04.111
  28. Wang J, Ersan YC, Boon N, De Belie N. 2016. Application of microorganisms in concrete: a promising sustainable strategy to improve concrete durability. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 100: 2993-3007. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-016-7370-6
  29. Wong LS. 2015. Microbial cementation of ureolytic bacteria from the genus Bacillus: a review of the bacterial application on cement-based materials for cleaner production. J. Clean Prod. 93: 5-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.01.019
  30. Kim HJ, Eom HJ, Park C, Jung J, Shin B, Kim W, et al. 2016. Calcium carbonate precipitation by Bacillus and Sporosarcina strains isolated from concrete and analysis of the bacterial community of concrete. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 26: 540-548. https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.1511.11008
  31. Gordon R, Haynes W, Pang C, Smith N. 1973. The genus Bacillus. Agriculture handbook. 427th Ed. Agricultural Research Service, US. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.
  32. Jonkers HM, Thijssen A, Muyzer G, Copuroglu O, Schlangen E. 2010. Application of bacteria as self-healing agent for the development of sustainable concrete. Ecol. Eng. 36: 230-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2008.12.036
  33. Lee YS, Park W. 2018. Current challenges and future directions for bacterial self-healing concrete. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 102: 3059-3070. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-018-8830-y
  34. Xu J, Yao W, Jiang Z. 2013. Non-ureolytic bacterial carbonate precipitation as a surface treatment strategy on cementitious materials. J. Mater. Civil Eng. 26: 983-991. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000906
  35. Neville AM. 2010. Properties of concrete, pp. 1646-1650. 5th Ed. Pearson Education, Wanstead, London.
  36. Ow MC, Perwez T, Kushner SR. 2003. RNase G of Escherichia coli exhibits only limited functional overlap with its essential homologue, RNase E. Mol. Microbiol. 49: 607-622. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03587.x
  37. Chaurasia L, Bisht V, Singh L, Singh LP, Gupta S. 2019. A novel approach of biomineralization for improving micro and macro-properties of concrete. Constr. Build. Mater. 195: 340-351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.11.031
  38. Lee YS, Kim HJ, Park W. 2017. Non-ureolytic calcium carbonate precipitation by Lysinibacillus sp. YS11 isolated from the rhizosphere of Miscanthus sacchariflorus. J. Microbiol. 55: 440-447. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-017-7086-z
  39. Krulwich TA, Ito M, Guffanti AA. 2001. The $Na^+$-dependence of alkaliphily in Bacillus. BBA-Bioenergetics 1505: 158-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-2728(00)00285-1
  40. Markkula A, Lindstrom M, Johansson P, Bjorkroth J, Korkeala H. 2012. Roles of four putative DEAD-box RNA helicase genes in growth of Listeria monocytogenes EGD-e under heat, pH, osmotic, ethanol, and oxidative stress conditions. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 78: 6875-6882. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01526-12
  41. OW MC, Perwez, T, Kushner SR. 2003. RNase G of Escherichia coli exhibits only limited functional overlap with its essential homologue, RNase E. Mol. Microbiol. 49: 607-622. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03587.x
  42. Mishra V. 2015. Modelling of the batch biosorption system: study on exchange of protons with cell wall-bound mineral ions. Environ. Technol. 36: 3194-3200. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2015.1055822
  43. Thomas KJ, Rice CV. 2014. Revised model of calcium and magnesium binding to the bacterial cell wall. Biometals 27: 1361-1370. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10534-014-9797-5
  44. Pepper RE, Costilow RN. 1964. Glucose catabolism by Bacillus popilliae and Bacillus lentimorbus. J. Bacteriol. 87: 303-310. https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.87.2.303-310.1964
  45. Zhang Y, Guo H, Cheng X. 2014. Influences of calcium sources on microbially induced carbonate precipitation in porous media. Mater. Res. Innov. 18: S2-79.

Cited by

  1. Agricultural by-products and oyster shell as alternative nutrient sources for microbial sealing of early age cracks in mortar vol.11, pp.1, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01166-5