Journal of Digital Convergence (디지털융복합연구)

The Society of Digital Policy and Management (한국디지털정책학회)
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Effects of Entrepreneur Characteristics on Self-efficacy and Business Performance : Focused on Moderating Effects of Entrepreneurship Education and Experience in Business before Starting a Business

창업자 특성이 자기효능감과 창업성과에 미치는 영향 : 창업 전 실무경험과 창업교육의 조절효과를 중심으로

  • Lee, Chun-Hee (Dept. of Business Administration, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Chun, Dal-Young (School of Business, Chungbuk National University)
  • Received : 2019.01.02
  • Accepted : 2020.02.20
  • Published : 2020.02.28
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Abstract

In academia, lots of startup-related research are conducted to improve startup performance. Most of them are concerned with entrepreneur characteristics, capabilities, and entrepreneurship. In particular, self-efficacy of enterpreneur is emphasized to improve startup performance in addition to entrepreneurial capabilities. Thus, the main research objectives of this study are as follows. First, the impact of entrepreneur characteristics is investigated on self-efficacy and startup performance. Second, the moderating effects of business experience prior to startup and entrepreneurship education are analyzed between entrepreneur characteristics and self-efficacy. Finally, managerial strategies are suggested to maximize startup performance via self-efficacy. 274 samples were collected from independent startups. The proposed research model and 17 hypotheses were verified with structural equation modeling techenique. The empirical findings are as follows. First, psychological characteristics such as achievement desire and risk tolerance positively influenced on self-efficacy. Second, business experience prior to startup showed significant moderating effects on self-efficacy with technological and marketing capabilities. and entrepreneurship education. Third, entrepreneurship education showed significant moderating effects on self-efficacy with achievement desire, risk tolerance, technological and marketing capabilities.

최근 연구흐름은 창업에 대한 성공은 창업자의 특성뿐만 아니라 무엇인가를 이루어 내는 자신감인 자기 효능감에 따라 성과가 달라 질 수 있다는 것이다. 따라서 본 논문의 연구목적은 첫째, 창업자 특성이 자기효능감과 창업성과에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고, 둘째, 창업자의 실무경험과 창업교육기간에 따라 창업자 특성이 자기효능감에 주는 영향이 달라진다는 조절효과를 분석하고, 마지막으로 이를 통해 창업 성과를 극대화하기 위한 방안을 제시하고자 하는 것이다. 프랜차이즈 가맹점을 제외한 274개의 일반 독립점포로부터 자료를 수집하여 구조방정식으로 연구모형과 17개의 연구가설을 검증하였다. 분석 결과 첫째, 창업자 특성 중 심리적 특성인 성취욕구와 위험감수성은 자기효능감에 정(+)의 영향을 주었다. 둘째, 창업 전 실무경험과 창업교육이수에 대한 조절효과를 확인해 본 결과, 창업 전 실무경험은 기술적 능력과 마케팅 능력을 통하여 자기효능감을 조절하는 것으로 확인되었으며, 창업교육은 성취욕구, 위험감수성, 기술적 능력, 마케팅 능력 등과 더불어 조절효과를 만들어내었다.

Keywords

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