Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment (한국물환경학회지)

Korean Society on Water Environment (한국물환경학회)
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Abnormalities of Growth and Morphology in the Attached Diatoms (Ulnaria ulna) according to Heavy Metal Pollution

중금속 오염에 따른 부착규조 (Ulnaria ulna)의 성장 및 형태 변화

  • Shin, Ra-Young (Department of Biology Education, Daegu University) ;
  • Ryu, Hui-Seong (Yeongsan River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Lee, Jung-Ho (Department of Biology Education, Daegu University)
  • 신라영 (대구대학교 생물교육전공) ;
  • 류희성 (국립환경과학원 영산강물환경연구소) ;
  • 이정호 (대구대학교 생물교육전공)
  • Received : 2020.09.10
  • Accepted : 2020.11.30
  • Published : 2020.11.30
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Abstract

The abnomal responseses on growth and morphology of attached diatoms by various heavy metals were studied. Ulnaria ulna (Nitzsch) Compère was employed as experimental species and exposed to the five heavy metals such as Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, and As with four concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.1, and 2 mg L-1), respectively. The samples of Ulnaria ulna were examined on the changes of cell growth and teratological forms on the 7th, 14th, 21th, and 28th day, respectively, after exposure to the heavy metals. The samples exposed to the highest concentration, 2.0 mg L-1, of all the heavy metals showed the most obvious decreases of growth. The samples exposed to Cd (μ=0.049day-1) and As (μ=0.048day-1) showed the highest decreasing rate of growth (p=0.021(Cd), p=0.002(As)) and the highest morphological changes of diatom valves were also samples exposed to Cd (10.41%) and As (10.13%) (p=0.009 (Cd), p=0.005(As)). In contrast, Pb induced the lowest decreasing rate (μ=0.090 day-1) and the least change in valve morphology (3.31%). The Cd and As showed relatively stronger effects on growth rates compared to Cu, Zn, and Pb. For the percentage of emergence of morphological species by the type, the highest percentage were observed in sampled exposed to type 1 (43.4%) and followed by type 2 (29.1%). The type 2 and 4 were most abundant in samples exposed to Zn and Pb while the type 3 was most abundant in Cd and As. The Cu induced only type 1, suggesting that the frequency of emergence of each type varied among hevay metals. This research suggests that the degrees of abnomal changes on growth rate and valve morphology of Ulnaria ulna can be used as a bioindicater species for heavy metal contamination in freshwater.

Keywords

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