Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회)
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Saxitoxin and Its Analogues: Toxicity, Analytical Method, Occurrence and Safety Management

삭시톡신과 그 유사체: 독성, 분석법, 국내외 오염도 및 관리 동향

  • Lee, Sang Yoo (School of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Im, Ju Hee (School of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Woo, So Young (School of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Choi, Hwa Young (School of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Park, Su Been (School of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Yoo, Cha Nee (School of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Chun, Hyang Sook (School of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University)
  • 이상유 (중앙대학교 생명공학대학 식품공학과) ;
  • 임주희 (중앙대학교 생명공학대학 식품공학과) ;
  • 우소영 (중앙대학교 생명공학대학 식품공학과) ;
  • 최화영 (중앙대학교 생명공학대학 식품공학과) ;
  • 박수빈 (중앙대학교 생명공학대학 식품공학과) ;
  • 유차니 (중앙대학교 생명공학대학 식품공학과) ;
  • 전향숙 (중앙대학교 생명공학대학 식품공학과)
  • Received : 2020.09.15
  • Accepted : 2020.10.30
  • Published : 2020.12.30
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Abstract

Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) occurs when saxitoxin (STX), which is produced by harmful algae (dinoflagellates) and then accumulated in bivalve shellfish by filter-feeding, is consumed by humans. With recent advances in analysis technology, it has been reported that dinoflagellates also produce a variety of analogues such as the gonyautoxin (GTX) group and the N-sulfo-carbamoyl toxin (C toxin) group, in addition to STX. Accordingly, CODEX and the EFSA are stepping forward to manage STX and analogues as STX groups requiring safety management. In Korea, the occurrence of dinoflagellates producing STX analogues has already been reported, and contamination of analogues (GTX group, C toxin group) in live mussels has also been reported. In this study, in order to provide the basis for systematic monitoring and safety management of STX and analogues, their physicochemical characteristics, occurrence of dinoflagellates, toxicity and toxic equivalency factor, analytical method and occurrence were widely reviewed. This review is expected to contribute to strengthening the safety management of STX and its analogues.

마비성 패독(paralytic shellfish poisoning, PSP)에 의한 중독은 와편모조류(Dinoflagellates)가 생성하는 saxitoxin (STX)이 이매패류 등의 먹이활동에 의해 축적되고 이를 사람이 섭취함으로써 발생한다. 최근 분석기술의 발전으로 와편모조류가 STX외에도 gonyautoxin (GTX) group 및 N-sulfo carbamoyl toxins (C toxin) group 등 다양한 유사체들을 생성하는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 이에 CODEX, EFSA에서는 STX외 유사체의 안전관리를 위해 STX 및 유사체를 STX group으로 관리하고자 하는 움직임을 보이고 있다. 국내의 경우도 STX 유사체를 생성하는 조류의 발생이 이미 보고되고 있으며 실제 홍합에서 유사체의 오염사례도 소수 보고되고 있다. 따라서 국제적인 움직임에 발맞추어 국내에서도 STX 및 유사체의 group 관리를 위한 준비가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 본 연구에서는 STX 및 유사체의 체계적인 모니터링 및 안전관리의 기반을 마련하고자 STX 및 유사체의 이화학적 특성, 생성조류, 국내외 발생현황, 독성 및 상대독성계수, 분석법, 오염현황 및 관리현황에 대한 폭넓은 검토를 수행하고자 하였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 2020년도 식품의약품안전처의 연구개발비(20163MFDS641)로 수행되었으며 이에 감사드립니다.

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