BMB Reports

Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (생화학분자생물학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Extract of high hydrostatic pressure-treated danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) ameliorates atherosclerosis via autophagy induction

  • Ko, Minjeong (Chemical Genomics Global Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University) ;
  • Oh, Goo Taeg (Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Park, Jiyong (Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University) ;
  • Kwon, Ho Jeong (Chemical Genomics Global Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University)
  • Received : 2020.09.01
  • Accepted : 2020.11.11
  • Published : 2020.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) is a traditional medicinal plant widely used in Asian countries for its pharmacological activities (e.g., amelioration of cardiovascular diseases). In this study, we investigated the anti-atherosclerotic activity of raw danshen root extract prepared using high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) at 550 MPa for 5 min and hot water extraction. This method was useful for elimination of bacteria from cultured danshen plants and for better extraction yield of active principles. The HHP-treated danshen extract (HDE) inhibited proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and induced autophagy that was assessed by LC3 conversion and p62 degradation. HDE suppressed foam cell formation in oxLDL-induced RAW264.7 macrophages; lysosomal activity simultaneously increased, measured by acridine orange staining. HDE also reduced atherosclerotic plaque development in vivo in apolipoprotein E knock-out (ApoE-/-) mice fed a high cholesterol diet. Taken together, these results indicated that HDE exhibited anti-atherosclerotic activity via autophagy induction.

Keywords

References

  1. Benjamin EJ, Muntner P, Alonso A et al (2019) Heart disease and stroke Statistics-2019 update a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation 139, e56-e528
  2. Glass CK and Witztum JL (2001) Atherosclerosis: the road ahead. Cell 104, 503-516 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00238-0
  3. Moore KJ, Sheedy FJ and Fisher EA (2013) Macrophages in atherosclerosis: a dynamic balance. Nat Rev Immunol 13, 709-721 https://doi.org/10.1038/nri3520
  4. Luo H, Wang J, Qiao C, Ma N, Liu D and Zhang W (2015) Pycnogenol attenuates atherosclerosis by regulating lipid metabolism through the TLR4-NF-κB pathway. Exp Mol Med 47, e191-e191 https://doi.org/10.1038/emm.2015.74
  5. San Martin M, Barbosa-Cánovas G and Swanson B (2002) Food processing by high hydrostatic pressure. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 42, 627-645 https://doi.org/10.1080/20024091054274
  6. Elamin WM, Endan JB, Yosuf YA, Shamsudin R and Ahmedov A (2015) High pressure processing technology and equipment evolution: a review. J Eng Sci Technol Rev 8, 75-83 https://doi.org/10.25103/jestr.085.11
  7. Rendueles E, Omer M, Alvseike O, Alonso-Calleja C, Capita R and Prieto M (2011) Microbiological food safety assessment of high hydrostatic pressure processing: A review. LWT - Food Science and Technology 44, 1251-1260 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2010.11.001
  8. Serment-Moreno V, Barbosa-Canovas G, Torres JA and Welti-Chanes J (2014) High-pressure processing: kinetic models for microbial and enzyme inactivation. Food Eng Rev 6, 56-88 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12393-014-9075-x
  9. Garcia AF, Butz P and Tauscher B (2001) Effects of highpressure processing on carotenoid extractability, antioxidant activity, glucose diffusion, and water binding of tomato puree (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). J Food Sci 66, 1033-1038 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2001.tb08231.x
  10. Khan SA, Aslam R and Makroo HA (2019) High pressure extraction and its application in the extraction of bio-active compounds: A review. J Food Proc Eng 42, e12896 https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpe.12896
  11. Cheng TO (2007) Cardiovascular effects of Danshen. Int J Cardiol 121, 9-22 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2007.01.004
  12. Chen X, Guo J, Bao J, Lu J and Wang Y (2014) The anticancer properties of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen): a systematic review. Med Res Rev 34, 768-794 https://doi.org/10.1002/med.21304
  13. Chun-Yan S, Qian-Liang M, Rahman K, Ting H and Lu-Ping Q (2015) Salvia miltiorrhiza: traditional medicinal uses, chemistry, and pharmacology. Chin J Nat Med 13, 163-182 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1875-5364(15)30002-9
  14. Kundu M and Thompson CB (2008) Autophagy: basic principles and relevance to disease. Annu Rev Pathol 3, 427-455 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pathmechdis.2.010506.091842
  15. Martinet W, Agostinis P, Vanhoecke B, Dewaele M and De Meyer GR (2009) Autophagy in disease: a double-edged sword with therapeutic potential. Clin Sci 116, 697-712 https://doi.org/10.1042/CS20080508
  16. Liao X, Sluimer JC, Wang Y et al (2012) Macrophage autophagy plays a protective role in advanced atherosclerosis. Cell Metab 15, 545-553 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2012.01.022
  17. Shao B, Han B, Zeng Y, Su D and Liu C (2016) The roles of macrophage autophagy in atherosclerosis. Acta Pharmacol Sin 37, 150-156 https://doi.org/10.1038/aps.2015.87
  18. Prasad KN, Yang E, Yi C, Zhao M and Jiang Y (2009) Effects of high pressure extraction on the extraction yield, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of longan fruit pericarp. Innov Food Sci Emerg Technol 10, 155-159 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2008.11.007
  19. Yoshii SR and Mizushima N (2017) Monitoring and measuring autophagy. Int J Mol Sci 18, 1865 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18091865
  20. Zhang CP, Ding XX, Tian T et al (2020) Impaired lipophagy in endothelial cells with prolonged exposure to oxidized low-density lipoprotein. Mol Med Rep 22, 2665-2672
  21. Gu HF, Li HZ, Tang YL, Tang XQ, Zheng XL and Liao DF (2016) Nicotinate-curcumin impedes foam cell formation from THP-1 cells through restoring autophagy flux. PLoS One 11, e0154820 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0154820
  22. Yim WWY and Mizushima N (2020) Lysosome biology in autophagy. Cell Discov 6, 1-12 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41421-019-0132-8
  23. Zhang ZH, Wang LH, Zeng XA, Han Z and Brennan CS (2019) Non-thermal technologies and its current and future application in the food industry: a review. Int J Food Sci Technol 54, 1-13 https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.13903
  24. Torisu K, Singh KK, Torisu T et al (2016) Intact endothelial autophagy is required to maintain vascular lipid homeostasis. Aging Cell 15, 187-191 https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.12423
  25. Kim SM, Huh JW, Kim EY et al (2019) Endothelial dysfunction induces atherosclerosis: increased aggrecan expression promotes apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells. BMB Rep 52, 145-150 https://doi.org/10.5483/bmbrep.2019.52.2.282
  26. Kheloufi M, Vion AC, Hammoutene A et al (2018) Endothelial autophagic flux hampers atherosclerotic lesion development. Autophagy 14, 173-175 https://doi.org/10.1080/15548627.2017.1395114
  27. Xu Z, Jiang H, Zhu Y et al (2017) Cryptotanshinone induces ROS-dependent autophagy in multidrug-resistant colon cancer cells. Chem Biol Interact 273, 48-55 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2017.06.003
  28. Liu Z, Xu S, Huang X et al (2015) Cryptotanshinone, an orally bioactive herbal compound from Danshen, attenuates atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice: role of lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1). Br J Pharmacol 172, 5661-5675 https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.13068