Korean journal of applied entomology (한국응용곤충학회지)

Korean Society of Applied Entomology (한국응용곤충학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Spatial Distribution and Host Plants of the Ramulus koreanus (Phasmida; Phasmatidae) in Korean Thistle Cultivation

고려엉겅퀴 재배지에서 발생한 우리대벌레 공간분포 및 기주식물

  • Son, Minwoong (Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University) ;
  • Jung, Chung Ryul (Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Kwon, Gimyon (Bio Utilization Institute) ;
  • Jung, Chuleui (Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University)
  • 손민웅 (국립안동대학교 식물의학과) ;
  • 정충렬 (국립산림과학원 산림약용자원연구소) ;
  • 권기면 (생물이용연구소) ;
  • 정철의 (국립안동대학교 식물의학과)
  • Received : 2020.05.13
  • Accepted : 2020.09.15
  • Published : 2020.12.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The Korean thistle (Cirsium setidens) is grown in Gangwon province as a food ingredient called gondre. Based on regular monitoring of Korean thistle cultivation, we detected local outbreaks of a stick insect causing severe damage. Here we report the identification of the stick insect and its ecological characteristics. The survey involved 3 farms located in Jeongeon-gun, Gangwon province and lasted from May 28 to October 1 in 2019. According to morphological and DNA analyses the stick insect was identified as Ramulus koreanus Kwon Ha and Lee. a member of the family Phasmatidae. Its outbreak in the Korean thistle farms was observed from June 11 to August 22 with peak density on July 23. Spatial distribution analyses, using Taylors power law and Greens index showed that R. koreanus was uniformally distributed. Food consumption rate of Korean thistle leaves was estimated as 60.98±4.35 ㎠/day/adult. The main food plants were identified as Juglans mandshurica and Aronia melanocarpa. Further study needs to pursue the mechanism of the outbreak and its possible impact on agricultural and forest ecosystems. Additionally, means to relieve crop damage need to be identified.

고려엉겅퀴는 강원도에서 곤드레라는 음식 재료로 재배하는 작물이다. 고려엉겅퀴에 대한 정기적인 병해충 모니터링 중 우리대벌레의 국부적인 발생으로 인한 큰 피해를 발견하였고, 우리대벌레의 동정과 생태학적 특성을 보고한다. 본 조사는 2019년 5월 28일부터 동년 10월 1일까지 강원도 정선군에 있는 3곳의 고려엉겅퀴 재배지에서 실시하였다. 해당 포장에서 채집한 우리대벌레의 형태적, 분자 생물적 분석으로 대벌레과(Phasmida) 계열의 Ramulus koreanus Kwon Ha et Lee로 동정하였다. 우리대벌레는 6월 11일부터 8월 22일까지 고려엉겅퀴 포장에서 발생하였으며, 7월 23일에 최대 발생 밀도를 보였다. Taylor's power law와 Greens index를 이용하여 공간분포를 분석한 결과 무작위로 분포하는 것을 확인하였다. 우리대벌레의 고려엉겅퀴 일일 섭식량은 성충 기준 60.98 ± 4.35 ㎠ 였으며, 주요 기주식물은 가래나무와 아로니아였다. 우리대벌레 발생 메커니즘과 우리대벌레가 농업과 산림 생태계에 미칠 수 있는 영향 및 농작물 피해를 줄이기 위해 그 방법을 추구할 것이다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 국립산림과학원 '주요 산림약용자원의 병해충 친환경 방제기술 개발(FE0702-2018-01)'과제의 위탁연구과제로 수행되었습니다. 또한, 한국연구재단을 통한 교과부 지원 대학중점연구소 지원과제(NRF-2018R1A6A1A03024862)의 지원에도 감사드립니다. 현장연구를 도와준 이대경, 박성빈, 노영민, DNA 분석을 도와준 Saeed Mohamadzade Namin 박사에게 감사하며, 심사의원의 꼼꼼한 의견이 이 논문 내용을 개선하는 데 큰 도움이 되었습니다.

References

  1. Barbosa P., Schultz, J.C., 1987. Insect outbreaks. Academic press, NewYork. p. 569.
  2. Bosch, R.V.D., 1978. The pesticide conspiracy. Double day, New York.
  3. Brock, P.D., Hasenpusch, J.W., 2009. The complete field guide to stick and leaf insects of Australia. CSIRO publishing, Victoria.
  4. Byun, S.Y., Seok, H.D., 2019. An analysis of consumer preference and demand for wild vegetables: Through a consumer preference survey and social big data analysis. J. Korean Soc. For. Sci. 108, 116-126. https://doi.org/10.14578/JKFS.2019.108.1.116
  5. Cho, B.Y., Lee, J.H., Choi, S.I., Jung, T.D., Choi, S.H., Ra, M.J., Kim, S.Y., Kang, I.J., Han, K.C., Lee, O.H., 2017. Changes in antioxidant and antiobesity activities of Cirsium setidens Nakai ethanolic extract depending on different harvest time. J. Food Hyg. Saf. 32, 234-242. https://doi.org/10.13103/JFHS.2017.32.3.234
  6. Choi, K.S., Kim, D.S., 2013. Spatial distribution pattern of Ascotis selenaria (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) larvae in a small-scale of citrus orchard. Korean. J. Appl. Entomol, 52, 243-248. https://doi.org/10.5656/KSAE.2013.06.0.029
  7. Choi, Y.S., Hwang, I.S., Kang, T.J., Lim, J.R., Choe, K.R., 2011. Oviposition characteristics of Ricania sp. (Homoptera: Ricaniidae), a new fruit pest. Kor. J. Appl. Entomol. 50, 367-372. https://doi.org/10.5656/KSAE.2011.09.0.49
  8. Chung, B.K., Song, J.H., Lee, H.S., Choi, B.R., 2015. Sequential sampling plan for Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) based on its intra-plant distribution patterns in greenhouse cucumber at different growth stages. Korean. J. Appl. Entomol. 54, 401-407. https://doi.org/10.5656/KSAE.2015.10.0.046
  9. Green, R.H, 1966. Measurement of non-randomness in spatial distributions. Res. Popul. Ecol. 8, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02524740
  10. Hebert, P.D.N., Cywinska, A., Ball, S.L., DeWaard, J.R., 2003. Biological identifications through DNA barcodes. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B. Biol. Sci. 7, 313-321.
  11. Hwang, I.C, Lim, T.H, Lee, S.J., Park, C.G., Choo, H.Y., Lee, D.W., 2009. Report on Zorka sp.(Homoptera: Typhlocbinae) as a pest of persimmon (Diosprosi kaki) in Korea. Kor. J. Appl. Entomol. 48, 479-484. https://doi.org/10.5656/KSAE.2009.48.4.479
  12. Jung, C.R., Jung, C., Kwon, G.M., Son, M.W., Han, G.M., Jeon, G.S., 2019. Pests and diseases of forest medicinal plants. National Institute of Forest Science, Republic of Korea, pp. 25-32.
  13. Jung, M.P., Park, H.H., Lee, S.G., Kim, K.H., 2013. Prediction of adult emergence time and generation number of overwintered small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus according to RCP8.5 climate change scenario. Kor. J. Appl. Entomol. 52, 427-430. https://doi.org/10.5656/KSAE.2013.11.0.081
  14. Kim, E.H., Chung, J., 2016. Protective effects of Cirsium setidens ethanolic extracts against alcoholic fatty liver injury in rats. J. Nutr. Health. 49, 420-428. https://doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2016.49.6.420
  15. Kim, J.S., Kim, T.Y., 2011. Woody plants of Korean peninsula. dolbegae, Korea.
  16. Kimura, M., 1980. A simple method for estimating evolutionary rate of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. J. Mol. Evol. 16, 111-120. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01731581
  17. Korea Forest Research Institute, 1999. The ecology and control of stick insects, Seoul.
  18. Korea Forest Service, 2017. Forest product production survey. www.forest.go.kr (accessed on 28 Dec., 2019).
  19. Kwon, T.S., 2000. The damage condition and control of Baculum elongatus and B. koreanum, Vol. 114, Forest Science information, Korea, pp. 45-46.
  20. Kwon, T.S., 2002. The ecology and control strategy of Baculum elongatus, Vol. 132, Forest Science information, Korea, pp. 55-57.
  21. Kwon, Y.J., Ha, J.S., Lee, C.E., 1992. Classification of the order Phasmida from Korea. Nature and Life 22, 43-58.
  22. Lee, C.B., 2014. Coloured flora of Korea, a two-part(I, II). Hyangmunsa, Korea.
  23. Lee, C.K., Kim, O.R., Hwang, J.H., Choi, J.S., Chung, Y.J., Lee, S.M., 2003. Survey on the forest insect pests in Junsanri-gol, Daewonsa-gol and Georim-gol of Mt. Jiri. Korean. J. Appl. Entomol. 42, 101-110.
  24. Lee, J.G., 2018. Biological characteristics and rearing conditions of the stick insect, Ramulus irregulariterdentatus (Phasmida: Phasmatidae). Seoul National University, Korea. p. 103.
  25. Ludwing, J.A., Reynolds, J.F., 1988. Statistical ecology: A primer on methods and computing. A Wiley-Interscience Publication, Jhon Wiley & Sons, New York.
  26. Ministry of Environment, 2018. The investigation guide for specially designated species by floristic region. 5th ed. National Natural Environment Survey. Ministry of Environment, Sejong.
  27. National forestry cooperative federation website. N.D. https://www.forestinfo.or.kr. (accessed on 9 April, 2020).
  28. National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, 2003. Pest of compositae. Life and Agrochem. 24, 44-46.
  29. Paek, M.K., Hwang, J.M., Jung, K.S., Kim, T.W., Kim, M.C., Lee, Y.J., Cho, Y.B., Park, S.W., Lee, H.S., Ku, D.S., Jeong, J.C., Kim, K.G., Choi, D.S., Shin, E.H., Hwang, J.H., LEe, J.S., Kim, S.S., Bae, Y.S., 2010. Checklist of Korean insects. Nature & Ecology, Seoul.
  30. Park, Y.S., Kwon, T.S, Kim, J.K., Kim, C.S., Park, J.D., 2003. Effect of temperatures on the development of the stick insect, Baculum elongatus (Phasmida: Phasmidae) and the life cycle. J. Korean Soc. For. Sci. 92, 62-70.
  31. Price, P.W., Denno, R., Eubanks, M., Finkem D., Kaplan, I., 2011. Insect ecology: Behavior, populations and communities. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. UK.
  32. Ramsey, F.L., Schafer, D.W., 1997. The statistical sleuth. A couse in methods of data analysis. Duxbury press. p. 742.
  33. Regev, U., 1984. An economic analysis of man's addiction to pesticides. In Conway, G.R. (Ed.), Pest and pathogen control: Strategic, tactical, and policy models. John Wiley & Sons, New York, pp. 441-453.
  34. Rural Development Administration Nongsaro website, 2017. http://www.http:www.nongsaro.go.kr/portal/ps/psb/psbk/kidofcomdtyDtl.ps?menuId=PS00067&kidofcomdtyNo=22567 (accessed on 1 April, 2020).
  35. Saitou, N., Nei, M., 1987. The neighbor-joining method: A new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol. Biol. Evol. 4,406-425.
  36. Sim, G.S., Kim, J.H., Lee, D.H., Lee, B.C., Lee, G.S., Pyo, H.B., 2007. The Inhibition of UVA-induced matrix metalloproteinase-1 in human dermal fibroblasts and the improvement of skin elasticity by Cirsium setidens extract. J. Soc. Cosmet. Scientists Korea. 33, 181-187.
  37. Song, J.H., Kim, S.N., Riu, K.Z., 2003. Spatial dispersion and sampling of adults of citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae) in Citrus orchard in Autumn Season. Korean. J. Appl. Entomol. 42, 29-34.
  38. Stern, V.M., Smith, R.F., van den Bosch, R., Hagen, K.S., 1959. The integrated control concept. Hilgardia 29, 81-101. https://doi.org/10.3733/hilg.v29n02p081
  39. Taylor, L.R., 1961. Aggregation, variance and the mean. Nature (Lond.) 189, 732-735. https://doi.org/10.1038/189732a0
  40. Tilgner E.H, 2009. Phasmida (Stick and leaf insects), in: Resh, V.H., Carde, R.T. (eds.), Encyclopedia of insects. Academic Press, Massachusetts, pp. 765-766.
  41. Trumble, J.T., Butler, C.D., 2009. Climate change will exacerbate California's insect pest problems. Calif Agr. 63, 73-78. https://doi.org/10.3733/ca.v063n02p73