DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Long-term monitoring of a hybrid SFRC slab on grade using recycled tyre steel fibres

  • Baricevic, Ana (Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Zagreb) ;
  • Grubor, Martina (Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Zagreb) ;
  • Paar, Rinaldo (Faculty of Geodesy, University of Zagreb) ;
  • Papastergiou, Panos (Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, The University of Sheffield) ;
  • Pilakoutas, Kypros (Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, The University of Sheffield) ;
  • Guadagnini, Maurizio (Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, The University of Sheffield)
  • 투고 : 2020.04.23
  • 심사 : 2020.11.13
  • 발행 : 2020.12.25

초록

This paper presents one of the demonstration projects undertaken during the FP7 EU-funded Anagennisi project (Innovative reuse of all tyre components in concrete-2014-2017) on a full-scale (30 m×40 m, thickness: 0.2 m) Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete (SFRC) slab-on-grade using a blend of manufactured steel fibres (MSF) and Recycled Tyre Steel Fibres (RTSF). The aim of the project was to assess the use of RTSF in everyday construction practice. The Anagennisi partners, Dulex Ltd in collaboration with Gradmont-Gradacac Ltd and University of Zagreb, designed, cast and monitored the long-term shrinkage deformations of the indoor slab-on-grade slab at Gradmont's precast concrete factory in Gradacac, Bosnia and Herzegovina. A hybrid RTSF mix (20 kg/㎥ of MSF+10 kg/㎥ of RTSF) was used to comply with the design criteria which included a maximum load capacity of 20 kN/㎡. The slab was monitored for one year using surveying equipment and visual inspection of cracks. During the monitoring period, the slab exhibited reasonable deformations (a maximum displacement of 3.3 mm for both, horizontal and vertical displacements) whilst after five years in use, the owners did not report any issues and were satisfied with the construction methodology and materials used. This work confirms that RSTF is a viable and sustainable solution for slab-on-grade applications.

키워드

과제정보

The research presented is part of the 7th Framework Programme "Anagennisi-Innovative Reuse of all Tyre Components in Concrete" project funded by the European Commission. Authors would like to thank the Anagennisi partners who worked in this demonstration project: Dulex Ltd, Gradmont Ltd and Twincon Ltd for their support and contribution during the demonstration and experimental work. This project was supported by the Royal Academy of Engineering under the Research Chairs and Senior Research Fellowships scheme.

참고문헌

  1. Ahmadi, M., Farzin, S., Hassani, A. and Motamedi, M. (2017), "Mechanical properties of the concrete containing recycled fibers and aggregates", Constr. Build. Mater., 144, 392-398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.03.215.
  2. Aiello, M.A., Leuzzi, F., Centonze, G. and Maffezzoli, A. (2009). "Use of steel fibres recovered from waste tyres as reinforcement in concrete: pull-out behaviour, compressive and flexural strength", Waste Manag., 29, 1960-1970. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2008.12.002.
  3. Al-Kamyani, Z., Figueiredo, F., Hu, H., Guadagnini, M. and Pilakoutas. K. (2018), "Shrinkage and flexural behaviour of free and restrained hybrid steel fibre reinforced concrete", Constr. Build. Mater., 189, 1007-1018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.09.052.
  4. Baricevic, A., Bjegovic, D. and Skazlic, M. (2017), "Hybrid fiberreinforced concrete with unsorted recycled-tire steel fibers", J. Mater. Civil Eng., 29(6), 06017005-1. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001906.
  5. Caggiano, A., Folino, P., Lima, C., Martinelli, E. and Pepe, M. (2017), "On the mechanical response of Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Concrete with Recycled and Industrial Steel Fibers", Constr. Build. Mater., 147, 286-295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.04.160.
  6. Centonze, G., Leone, M. and Aiello, M.A. (2012), "Steel fibers from waste tires as reinforcement in concrete: A mechanical characterization", Constr. Build. Mater., 36, 46-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.04.088.
  7. El-Sayed, T.A. (2019), "Flexural behavior of RC beams containing recycled industrial wastes as steel fibers", Constr. Build. Mater., 212, 27-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.03.311.
  8. EN 12350-1:2009 (2009), Testing fresh Concrete-Part 1: Sampling, European Committee for Standardization.
  9. EN 12350-2:2009 (2009), Testing fresh Concrete-Part 2: SlumpTest, European Committee for Standardization.
  10. EN 12350-6:2009 (2009), Testing Fresh Concrete-Part 6: Density, European Committee for Standardization.
  11. EN 12350-7:2009 (2009), Testing Fresh Concrete-Part 7: Air Content-Pressure Methods, European Committee for Standardization.
  12. EN 12390-3:2009/AC:2011 (2011), Testing hardened concretePart 3: Compressive Strength of Test Specimens, European Committee for Standardization.
  13. EN 14651:2005+A1:2007 (2007), Test Method for Metallic Fibre Concrete, Measuring the Flexural Tensile Strength (Limit of Proportionality (LOP), Residual), European Committee for Standardization.
  14. EN 206:2013 (2013), Concrete-Specification, Performance, Production and Conformity, European Committee for Standardization.
  15. Erdogdu, S., Kandil, U. and Nayir, S. (2019), "Effects of cement dosage and steel fiber ratio on the mechanical properties of reactive powder concrete", Adv. Concrete Constr., 8(2), 139-144. https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2019.8.2.139.
  16. Farhan, A.H., Dawson, A.R. and Thom, N.H. (2018), "Damage propagation rate and mechanical properties of recycled steel fiber-reinforced and cement-bound granular materials used in pavement structure", Constr. Build. Mater., 172, 112-124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.03.239.
  17. Francic Smrkic, M., Damjanovic, D. and Baricevic, A. (2017), "Application of recycled steel fibres in concrete elements subjected to fatigue loading", J. Croat. Assoc. Civil Eng., 69, 893-905. https://doi.org/10.14256/jce.2059.2017.
  18. Frazao, C., Diaz, B., Barros, J., Bogas, J.A. and Toptan, F. (2019), "An experimental study on the corrosion susceptibility of recycled steel fiber reinforced concrete", Cement Concrete Compos., 96, 138-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2018.11.011.
  19. Grzymski, F., Musial, M. and Trapko, T. (2019), "Mechanical properties of fibre reinforced concrete with recycled fibres", Constr. Build. Mater., 198, 323-331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.11.183.
  20. Hu, H., Papastergiou, P., Angelakopoulos, H., Guadagnini, M. and Pilakoutas, K. (2018), "Mechanical properties of SFRC using blended manufactured and recycled tyre steel fibres", Constr. Build. Mater., 163, 376-389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.12.116.
  21. ISO 17123-2:2001 (2001), Optics and Optical Instruments-Field Procedures for Testing Geodetic and Surveying InstrumentsPart 2: Levels, International Organization for Standardization.
  22. ISO 17123-3:2001 (2001), Optics and optical instruments-Field procedures for testing geodetic and surveying instruments-Part 3: Theodolites, International Organization for Standardization.
  23. ISO 17123-4:2012 (2012), Optics and Optical Instruments-Field Procedures for Testing Geodetic and Surveying InstrumentsPart 4: Electro-Optical Distance Meters (EDM Measurements to Reflectors), International Organization for Standardization.
  24. JUS/BAS U.B1.046 (1968), Tessting of soils-Determination of Compression Modulus by Circular Slab Method, Yugoslav Standard/Institute for Standardization of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
  25. Leone, M., Centonze, G., Colonna, D., Micelli, F. and Aiello, M.A. (2018), "Fiber-reinforced concrete with low content of recycled steel fiber: Shear behaviour", Constr. Build. Mater., 161, 141-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.11.101.
  26. Liew, K.M. and Akbar, A. (2020), "The recent progress of recycled steel fiber reinforced concrete", Constr. Build. Mater., 232, 117232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117232.
  27. Mansouri, I., Shahheidari, F.S., Hashemi, S.M.A. and Farzampour, A. (2020), "Investigation of steel fiber effects on concrete abrasion resistance", Adv. Concrete Constr., 9(4), 367-374. https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2020.9.4.367.
  28. Martinelli, E., Caggiano, A. and Xargay, H. (2015), "An experimental study on the post-cracking behaviour of Hybrid Industrial/Recycled Steel Fibre-Reinforced Concrete", Constr. Build. Mater., 94, 290-298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.007.
  29. Mastali, M. and Dalvand, A. (2018), "Use of silica fume and recycled steel fibers in self-compacting concrete (SCC)", Constr. Build. Mater., 125, 196-209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.08.046.
  30. Mastali, M., Dalvand, A., Sattarifard, A.R., Abdollahnejad, Z. and Illikainen, M. (2018), "Characterization and optimization of hardened properties of self-consolidating concrete incorporating recycled steel, industrial steel, polypropylene and hybrid fibers", Compos. Part B Eng., 151, 186-200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.06.021.
  31. Mohajerani, A., Hui, S.Q., Mirzababaei, M., Arulrajah, A., Horpibulsuk, S., Abdul Kadir, A., Rahman, M.T. and Maghool, F. (2019), "Amazing types, properties, and applications of fibres in construction materials", Mater., 12, 2513. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12162513.
  32. Niemeier, W. (1976), "Grundprinzip und Rechenformeln einer strengen Analyse geodatischer Deforma tionsmessungen", Proc. VII. Int. Kurs Fur Ing. Vermessung, Darmstadt, 465-482.
  33. Niemeier, W. (1985), "Deformationsanalyse", Pelzer: Geodatische Netze II, Stuttgart, 153-224.
  34. Pelzer, H. (1971), "Zur Analyse geodatischer Deformationsmessungen Deut", Geod. Komm., Ser. C. 164.
  35. Project Anagennisi (2014-2017), Innovative Reuse of All Tyre Components in Concrete. https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/603722.
  36. Rajeshwari, B.R. and Sivakumar, M.V.N. (2020), "Influence of coarse aggregate properties on specific fracture energy of steel fiber reinforced self compacting concrete", Adv. Concrete Constr., 9(2), 173-181. https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2020.9.2.173.
  37. Samarakoon, S.M.S.M.K., Ruben, P., Wie Pedersen, J. and Evangelista, L. (2019), "Mechanical performance of concrete made of steel fibers from tire waste", Case Stud. Constr. Mater., 11, e00259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2019.e00259.
  38. Satish Kumar, C.N., Krishna, P.V.V.S.S.R. and Rohini Kumar, D. (2017), "Effect of fiber and aggregate size on mode-I fracture parameters of high strength concrete", Adv. Concrete Constr., 5(6), 613-624, https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2017.5.6.613.
  39. Sharma, R. and Bansal, P.B. (2019), "Efficacy of supplementary cementitious material and hybrid fiber to develop the ultra high performance hybrid fiber reinforced concrete", Adv. Concrete Constr., 8(1), 21-31. https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2019.8.1.021.
  40. Simalti, A. and Singh, A.P. (2020), "Comparative study on direct shear behavior of manufactured and recycled shredded tyre steel fiber reinforced self-consolidating concrete", J. Build. Eng., 29, 101169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101169.
  41. Skarzynski, L. and Suchorzewski, J. (2018), "Mechanical and fracture properties of concrete reinforced with recycled and industrial steel fibers using Digital Image Correlation technique and X-ray micro computed tomography", Constr. Build. Mater., 183, 283-299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.06.182.
  42. Sorelli, L., Meda, A. and Plizzari, G. (2006), "Steel fiber concrete slabs on ground: A structural matter", ACI Struct. J., 103, 551-558. https://doi.org/10.14359/16431.
  43. TR 34: Concrete Industrial Ground Floors-Fourth Edition (2013), The Concrete Society, United Kingdom. https://doi.org/10.1680/daorf.27657.0001.
  44. Zamanzadeh, Z., Lourenco, L. and Barros, J. (2015), "Recycled steel fibre reinforced concrete failing in bending and in shear", Constr. Build. Mater., 85, 195-207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.03.070.