Human Ecology Research

The Korean Home Economics Association (대한가정학회)
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Gache(加髢) Culture and Position of East Asia Women in the 18th and 19th Centuries

18~19세기 동아시아 여성의 가체문화와 의미

  • Yim, Lynn (Department of Liberal Art & Pre-Service Teacher Education, Kwangju Wonmen's University)
  • 임린 (광주여자대학교 교양교직과정부)
  • Received : 2019.06.03
  • Accepted : 2019.08.08
  • Published : 2019.08.30
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Abstract

This study examined what meaning East Asian women showed in their costume history through a discourse of hair adornments such as wigs and that Gache was not just a luxury decoration. In addition, we examined Gache hair trends with Eonjeun-meori (braid wraps around the entire head) in the Joseon dynasty (Korea), Gigye(旗?) hair in the Quing dynasty (China) and Mage(?) hair in the Edo period (Japan) during the $18^{th}$ and $19^{th}$ centuries. The significance of the phenomenon of East Asian Gache culture in the $18^{th}$ and $19^{th}$ centuries was analyzed from the internal desires of women. The details are as follows. First, the magnification by the hair decoration was identified with self-authority and used as a sign to express self-respect or a desire for self-esteem. The extended Gache was an external body extension to raise self-authority and increase activeness. Second, self-satisfaction through showing off was associated with a women's search for identity. There was excessive consumption to boast status, wealth and femininity, but the mania continued because women obtained psychological satisfaction by feeling that their sacrifices for the Confucian order were compensated. Third, the frenzy of Gache was accepted as a way for women to resist social regulations and find themselves as main participants in social activities. Showing their appearance in East Asian Gache culture was a way of inner self-searching and a process for women to find themselves as a social entity.

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