Structural Engineering and Mechanics

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Seismic response of RC frames under far-field mainshock and near-fault aftershock sequences

  • Hosseini, Seyed Amin (Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kharazmi University) ;
  • Ruiz-Garcia, Jorge (Department of Civil Engineering, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo) ;
  • Massumi, Ali (Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kharazmi University)
  • Received : 2018.09.03
  • Accepted : 2019.07.02
  • Published : 2019.11.10
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Engineered structures built in seismic-prone areas are affected by aftershocks in addition to mainshocks. Although aftershocks generally are lower in magnitude than that of the mainshocks, some aftershocks may have higher intensities; thus, structures should be able to withstand the effect of strong aftershocks as well. This seismic scenario arises for far-field mainshock along with near-field aftershocks. In this study, four 2D reinforced concrete (RC) frames with different numbers of stories were designed in accordance with the current Iranian seismic design code. As a way to evaluate the seismic response of the case-study RC frames, the inter-story drift ratio (IDR) demand, the residual inter-story drift ratio (RIDR) demand, the Park-Ang damage index, and the period elongation ratio can be useful engineering demand parameters for evaluating their seismic performance under mainshock-aftershock sequences. The frame models were analyzed under a set of far-field mainshock, near-fault aftershocks seismic sequences using nonlinear dynamic time-history analysis to investigate the relationship among IDR, RIDR, Park-Ang damage index and period ratio experienced by the frames. The results indicate that the growth of IDR, RIDR, Park-Ang damage index, and period ratio in high-rise and short structures under near-fault aftershocks were significant. It is evident that engineers should consider the effects of near-fault aftershocks on damaged frames that experience far-field mainshocks as well.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : Kharazmi University

References

  1. Abdelnaby, A.E. and Elnashai, A.S. (2015), "Numerical modeling and analysis of RC frames subjected to multiple earthquakes", Earthq. Struct., 9(5), 957-981. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/eas.2015.9.5.957
  2. ACI 318 (2008), Building code requirements for structural concrete and commentary, American Concrete Institute; Farmington Hills, MI, USA.
  3. Aghagholizadeh, M. and Massumi, A. (2016), "A new method to assess damage to RCMRFs from period elongation and Park-Ang damage index using IDA", J. Adv. Struct. Eng., 8(3), 243-252. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40091-016-0127-8.
  4. Aki, K. (1984), "Asperities, barriers, characteristic earthquakes and strong motion prediction", J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth, 89(B7),5867-5872. https://doi.org/10.1029/JB089iB07p05867
  5. Bazzurro, P., Cornell, C.A., Menun, C. and Motahari, M. (2004), "Guidelines for Seismic assessment of damaged buildings", Proceedings of the 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Vancouver, Canada, August.
  6. Bradley, B.A. (2012), "Ground motions observed in the Darfield and Christchurch earthquakes and the importance of local site response effects", New Zealand J. Geology Geophys., 55(3), 279-286. https://doi.org/10.1080/00288306.2012.674049.
  7. Cao, V.V., Ronagh, H.R., Ashraf, M. and Baji, H. (2014), "A new damage index for reinforced concrete structures", Earthq. Struct., 6(6), 581-609. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/eas.2014.6.6.581
  8. Chen, B. and Xu, Y. (2007), "A new damage index for detecting sudden change of structural stiffness", Struct. Eng. Mech., 26(3), 315-341. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2007.26.3.315
  9. Diaz-Martinez, G., Ruiz-Garcia, J. and Teran-Gilmore, A. (2014). "Response of structures to seismic sequences corresponding to Mexican soft soils", Earthq. Struct., 7(6), 1241-1258. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/eas.2014.7.6.1241
  10. Eurocode 8 (2005), Design of structures for earthquake resistance, European Committee for Standardization, United Kingdom.
  11. Faisal, A., Majid, T.A. and Hatzigeorgiou, G.D. (2013), "Investigation of story ductility demands of inelastic concrete frames subjected to repeated earthquakes", Soil Dynam. Earthq. Eng., 44, 42-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2012.08.012
  12. Ghobarah, A. (2004), "On drift limits associated with different damage levels. in Performance-Based Seismic Design Concepts and Implementation", Proceedings of the International Workshop, Bled, Slovenia.
  13. Habibi, A., Vahed, M. and Asadi, K. (2018). "Evaluation of Seismic performance of RC setback frames", Struct. Eng. Mech., 66(5), 609-619. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2018.66.5.609
  14. Hatzigeorgiou, G.D. and Beskos, D.E. (2009), "Inelastic displacement ratios for SDOF structures subjected to repeated earthquakes", Eng. Struct., 31(11), 2744-2755. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.07.002
  15. Hosseini, S.A. (2016), "Seismic behavior of RC structures under far-field and near-fault mainshock-aftershock seismic sequences", M.Sc. Dissertation, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
  16. Hosseinpour, F. and Abdelnaby, A. (2017), "Effect of different aspects of multiple earthquakes on the nonlinear behavior of RC structures", Soil Dynam. Earthq. Eng., 92, 706-725. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2016.11.006
  17. Kang, J. W. and Lee, J. (2016). "A new damage index for seismic fragility analysis of reinforced concrete columns", Struct. Eng. Mech., 60(5), 875-890. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2016.60.5.875
  18. Kim, T. and Kim, J. (2007), "Seismic performance evaluation of a RC special moment frame", Struct. Eng. Mech., 27(6), 671-682. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2007.27.6.671
  19. Kostinakis, K. and Morfidis, K. (2017), "The impact of successive earthquakes on the seismic damage of multistorey 3D R/C buildings", Earthq. Struct., 12(1), 1-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/eas.2017.12.1.001
  20. Liu, Y., Yu, X.-H. Lu, D.-G. and Ma, F.-Z. (2018), "Impact of initial damage path and spectral shape on aftershock collapse fragility of RC frames", Earthq. Struct., 15(5), 529-540. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/eas.2018.15.5.529
  21. Mahin, S.A. (1985), "Effects of duration and aftershocks on inelastic design earthquakes", Proceedings of the 7th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey.
  22. Maniyar, M., Khare, R. and Dhakal, R. (2009), "Probabilistic seismic performance evaluation of non-seismic RC frame buildings", Struct. Eng. Mech., 33(6), 725-745. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2009.33.6.72
  23. Massumi, A. and Moshtagh, E. (2013), "A new damage index for RC buildings based on variations of nonlinear fundamental period", Struct. Design Tall Special Build., 22(1), 50-61. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.656
  24. Massumi, A., Sadeghi, K. and Moshtagh, E. (2018), "Effects of deviation in materials' strengths on the lateral strength and damage of RC frames", Struct. Eng. Mech., 68(3), 289-297. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2018.68.3.289
  25. Mirtaheri, M., Amini M. and Rad, M.D. (2017), "The effect of mainshock-aftershock on the residual displacement of buildings equipped with cylindrical frictional damper", Earthq. Struct., 12(5), 515-527. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/eas.2017.12.5.515
  26. Moustafa, A. and Takewaki, I. (2010), "Characterization and modeling of near-fault pulse-like strong ground motion via damage-based critical excitation method", Struct. Eng. Mech., 34(6), 755-788. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2010.34.6.755
  27. Moustafa, A. and Takewaki, I. (2012), "Characterization of earthquake ground motion of multiple sequences", Earthq. Struct., 3(5), 629-647. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/eas.2012.3.5.629
  28. Naderpour, H. and Vakili, K. (2019), "Safety assessment of dual shear wall-frame structures subject to Mainshock-Aftershock sequence in terms of fragility and vulnerability curves", Earthq. Struct., 16(4), 425-436. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/eas.2019.16.4.425
  29. Park, Y.-J. and Ang, A.H.-S. (1985a), "Mechanistic seismic damage model for reinforced concrete", J. Struct. Eng., 111(4), 722-739. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1985)111:4(722)
  30. Park, Y.-J., Ang, A.H.-S. and Wen, Y.K. (1985b), "Seismic damage analysis of reinforced concrete buildings", J. Struct. Eng., 111(4), 740-757. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1985)111:4(740)
  31. Potter, S.H., Becker, J.S., Johnston, D.M. and Rossiter, K.P. (2015), "An overview of the impacts of the 2010-2011 Canterbury earthquakes", J.Disaster Risk Reduction, 14(1), 6-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2015.01.014
  32. Reinhorn, A., Roh, Sivaselvan, H. M., Kunnath, S.K., Valles, R.E., Madan, A., Li, Lobo, C. R. and Park, Y. (2009), IDARC 2D version 7.0, A program for the inelastic damage analysis of buildings, Buffalo, New York, USA.
  33. Ruff, L. and Kanamori, H. (1983), "Seismic coupling and uncoupling at subduction zones", Tectonophysics, 99(2-4), 99-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(83)90097-5
  34. Ruiz-Garcia, J. and Negrete-Manriquez, J.C. (2011), "Evaluation of drift demands in existing steel frames under as-recorded far-field and near-fault mainshock-aftershock seismic sequences", Eng. Struct., 33(2), 621-634. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2010.11.021
  35. Ruiz-Garcia, J. and Aguilar, J.D. (2015), "Aftershock seismic assessment taking into account postmainshock residual drifts", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dynam., 44(9), 1391-1407. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2523
  36. Ruiz-Garcia, J. (2012), "Mainshock-aftershock ground motion features and their influence in building's seismic response", J. Earthq. Eng., 16(5), 719-737. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2012.663154
  37. Ruiz-Garcia, J., Marin, M.V. and Teran-Gilmore, A. (2014), "Effect of seismic sequences in reinforced concrete frame buildings located in soft-soil sites", Soil Dynam. Earthq. Eng., 63, 56-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2014.03.008
  38. Ruiz-Garcia, J., Yaghmaei-Sabegh, S., Bojorquez, E. (2018), "Three-dimensional response of steel moment-resisting buildings under seismic sequences", Eng. Struct., 175, 399-414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.08.050
  39. Sakka, Z.I., Asskkaf, I.A., and Qazweeni, J.S. (2018). "Reliability-based assessment of damaged concrete buildings", Struct. Eng. Mech., 65(6), 751-760. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2018.65.6.751
  40. Shcherbakov, R., Yakovlev, G., Turcotte, D.L., and Rundle, J.B. (2005) "Model for the distribution of aftershock interoccurrence times", Phys. Review Lett., 95(21), https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.218501
  41. Shokrabadi, M. and H. V. Burton (2018), "Risk-based assessment of aftershock and mainshock-aftershock seismic performance of reinforced concrete frames", Struct. Safety, 73, 64-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strusafe.2018.03.003
  42. Standard No. 2800-05, Iranian Code of Practice for Seismic Resistant Design of Buildings, 3rd Edition, Building and Housing Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
  43. Yaghmaei-Sabegh, S. and Ruiz-Garcia, J. (2016), "Nonlinear response analysis of SDOF systems subjected to doublet earthquake ground motions: A case study on 2012 Varzaghan-Ahar events", Eng. Struct., 110, 281-292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.11.044
  44. Zhai, C.H., Wen, W.P., Chen, A.Q., Li, Sh., and Xie, L.L. (2013), "Damage spectra for the mainshock-aftershock sequence-type ground motions", Soil Dynam. Earthq. Eng., 45, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2012.10.001
  45. Zhai, C.H., Wen, W.P., Li, Sh., and Xie, L.L. (2014), "The damage investigation of inelastic SDOF structure under the mainshock-aftershock sequence-type ground motions", Soil Dynam. Earthq. Eng., 59, 30-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2014.01.003
  46. Zhai, C.H., Wen, W.P., Li, Sh., and Xie, L.L. (2015), "The ductility-based strength reduction factor for the mainshock-aftershock sequence-type ground motions", Bullet. Earthq. Eng., 13(10), 2893-2914. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-015-9744-z
  47. Zhang, Y., Chen, J., and Sun, C. (2017), "Damage-based strength reduction factor for nonlinear structures subjected to sequence-type ground motions", Soil Dynam. Earthq. Eng., 92, 298-311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2016.10.002

Cited by

  1. Fragility-based performance evaluation of mid-rise reinforced concrete frames in near field and far field earthquakes vol.76, pp.6, 2020, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2020.76.6.751