The Women's Foreign Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church and Ewha Haktang College

미국 북감리교 여성해외선교부와 이화학당 대학과

In 1860 the missionary work of the great powers was placed in East Asia, centered on China, after Christianity was recognized in China. As missionary groups conducted missionary work and education, it was the Women's Foreign Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church(WFMS) that focused on women's education in particular. WFMS was organized in 1869 and later dispatched female missionary teachers to China, Japan, and the capital Tokyo to conduct women's education. In the mid-1880s, a Ewha School was built in Seoul by sending missionaries to form a network of women education in the three East Asian countries. The need for higher education gradually emerged as each local educational institution began with a small school curriculum and secondary education courses were arranged. Thanks to the efforts of local missionaries, including President Lulu E. Frey of the Ewha School, and the support of WFMS, the university was established in 1910. Unlike the two countries' educational institutions, Ewha School, the last established women's educational institution, was the first female institution located in the capital city of Seoul, a major advantage to the school's development since the 1910s. Above all, he started college education in 1910 and produced his first graduates in 1914 to promote growth. A total of 29 students graduated from universities and courses 11 times until 1925, when the school was developed into a specialized school. According to the education system in the 1920s, complete with the three semesters of spring, liberal arts education (English, science, mathematics, history, pedagogy, philosophy, English literature, pedagogy, psychology, etc.) was conducted without any special majors, and all but Chinese and Japanese were conducted in English. The March 1 Movement for the Promotion of National consciousness in Joseon, which was reduced to a colony of early graduates, and its activities are drawing keen attention, especially since the March 1 Independence Movement.

1860년 중국에서 기독교 포교가 공인된 후 열강의 선교는 중국을 중심으로 한 동아 시아에 놓여졌다. 여러 선교단체들의 선교와 교육이 진행되면서 특히 여성 교육의 초점 을 둔 것은 미국 북감리교 해외여성선교부(WFMS)였다. 이화학당의 루루 프라이(Lulu E. Frey) 당장을 비롯한 현지 선교사의 노력과 WFMS의 지원에 힘입어 1910년 조선 이 화학당(梨花學堂) 대학과가 설립되었다. 이화학당은 동아시아의 중국 일본과는 달리 수 도 서울에 위치한 최초의 여성기관이었다는 점은 1910년대 이후 학교 발전에 큰 이점이 되었다. 대학과 과정에서 11회 동안 총 29명이 졸업하였다. 1920년대 완비된 교육체계 를 춘, 추, 동의 3학기제로 특별한 전공 없이 학문 전반에 걸친 교양 교육(영어, 이과, 수학, 사학, 교육학, 철학, 영문학, 교육학, 심리학 등)이 실시되었고 한문과 일어를 제외 하면 모두 영어로 실시된 점은 특징이다. 이화학당 대학과는 입학하는 학생 수에 비해 졸업자는 적었으나 중등과 졸업 이후 고등교육을 갈망하는 여성들에게 교육의 기회를 제공하였다. 특히 대학과의 초기 졸업생들은 식민지로 전락한 조선에서 민족의식 제고 를 위해 3·1운동에 적극 참여하였으며, 이후 조선의 독립운동에서의 역할도 주목된다.