Particle and aerosol research (한국입자에어로졸학회지)

Korean Association for Particle and Aerosol Research (한국입자에어로졸학회)
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Pollution characteristics of PM2.5 observed during January 2018 in Gwangju

광주 지역에서 2018년 1월 측정한 초미세먼지의 오염 특성

  • Yu, Geun-Hye (Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Park, Seung-Shik (Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Jung, Sun A (Air Quality Research Division, Climate and Air Quality Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Jo, Mi Ra (Air Quality Research Division, Climate and Air Quality Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Jang, Yu Woon (Air Quality Research Division, Climate and Air Quality Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Lim, Yong Jae (Air Quality Research Division, Climate and Air Quality Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Ghim, Young Sung (Department of Environmental Science, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies)
  • 유근혜 (전남대학교 환경에너지공학과) ;
  • 박승식 (전남대학교 환경에너지공학과) ;
  • 정선아 (국립환경과학원 기후대기연구부 대기환경연구과) ;
  • 조미라 (국립환경과학원 기후대기연구부 대기환경연구과) ;
  • 장유운 (국립환경과학원 기후대기연구부 대기환경연구과) ;
  • 임용재 (국립환경과학원 기후대기연구부 대기환경연구과) ;
  • 김영성 (한국외국어대학교 환경학과)
  • Received : 2019.07.31
  • Accepted : 2019.09.10
  • Published : 2019.09.30
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Abstract

In this study, hourly measurements of $PM_{2.5}$ and its major chemical constituents such as organic and elemental carbon (OC and EC), and ionic species were made between January 15 and February 10, 2018 at the air pollution intensive monitering station in Gwangju. In addition, 24-hr integrated $PM_{2.5}$ samples were collected at the same site and analyzed for OC, EC, water-soluble OC (WSOC), humic-like substance (HULIS), and ionic species. Over the whole study period, the organic aerosols (=$1.6{\times}OC$) and $NO_3{^-}$ concentrations contributed 26.6% and 21.0% to $PM_{2.5}$, respectively. OC and EC concentrations were mainly attributed to traffic emissions with some contribution from biomass burning emissions. Moreover, strong correlations of OC with WSOC, HULIS, and $NO_3{^-}$ suggest that some of the organic aerosols were likely formed through atmospheric oxidation processes of hydrocarbon compounds from traffic emissions. For the period between January 18 and 22 when $PM_{2.5}$ pollution episode occurred, concentrations of three secondary ionic species ($=SO{_4}^{2-}+NO_3{^-}+NH_4{^+}$) and organic matter contributed on average 50.8 and 20.1% of $PM_{2.5}$, respectively, with the highest contribution from $NO_3{^-}$. Synoptic charts, air mass backward trajectories, and local meteorological conditions supported that high $PM_{2.5}$ pollution was resulted from long-range transport of haze particles lingering over northeastern China, accumulation of local emissions, and local production of secondary aerosols. During the $PM_{2.5}$ pollution episode, enhanced $SO{_4}^{2-}$ was more due to the long-range transport of aerosol particles from China rather than local secondary production from $SO_2$. Increasing rate in $NO_3{^-}$ was substantially greater than $NO_2$ and $SO{_4}^{2-}$ increasing rates, suggesting that the increased concentration of $NO_3{^-}$ during the pollution episode was attributed to enhanced formation of local $NO_3{^-}$ through heterogenous reactions of $NO_2$, rather than impact by long-range transportation from China.

Keywords

References

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