Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회)
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A Study on Heavy Metal Contamination and Risk Assessment of Seaweed and Seaweed Products

해조류와 해조류가공품의 중금속 오염실태 및 위해성평가

  • Lee, Ji-Yeon (Food Analysis Team, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment) ;
  • Lee, Myung-Jin (Food Analysis Team, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment) ;
  • Jeong, Il-Hyung (Food Analysis Team, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment) ;
  • Cho, Young-Sun (Food Analysis Team, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment) ;
  • Sung, Jin-Hee (Food Analysis Team, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment) ;
  • Baek, Eun-Jin (Food Analysis Team, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment) ;
  • Lee, Eun-Bin (Food Analysis Team, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment) ;
  • Kim, Hye-Jin (Food Analysis Team, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment) ;
  • Yoon, Mi-Hye (Food Analysis Team, Gyeonggi Province Institute of Health and Environment)
  • 이지연 (경기도보건환경연구원 식품분석팀) ;
  • 이명진 (경기도보건환경연구원 식품분석팀) ;
  • 정일형 (경기도보건환경연구원 식품분석팀) ;
  • 조영선 (경기도보건환경연구원 식품분석팀) ;
  • 성진희 (경기도보건환경연구원 식품분석팀) ;
  • 백은진 (경기도보건환경연구원 식품분석팀) ;
  • 이은빈 (경기도보건환경연구원 식품분석팀) ;
  • 김혜진 (경기도보건환경연구원 식품분석팀) ;
  • 윤미혜 (경기도보건환경연구원 식품분석팀)
  • Received : 2019.09.17
  • Accepted : 2019.10.08
  • Published : 2019.10.30
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Abstract

In this study, the contamination of 4 types of heavy metals (lead, cadmium, arsenic, and mercury) was monitored in 80 seaweeds and their processed products, and a food safety assessment was also carried out for these heavy metals. Lead, cadmium and arsenic were analyzed by ICP-OES and mercury was analyzed by mercury analyzer. The detection ranges of heavy metals were found as follows: Pb (N.D-0.802 mg/kg), Cd (N.D-0.759 mg/kg), As (0.134-17.296 mg/kg), and Hg (0.0005-0.0331 mg/kg). Pb and Hg showed no significant differences among seaweeds whereas Cd and As were significantly higher in the species hizikia fusiforme (P<0.05). Food safety assessment from seaweed intake was measured by PTWI (Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake), PTMI (Provisional Tolerable Monthly Intake), and MADL (Maximum Allowable Daily Body Load) as set by JECFA (Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives). Pb and Hg were 0.197%, 0.036% of PTWI respectively, while Cd was 1.877% of PTMI and As was 0.619% of MADL. Therefore, it was found that heavy metal levels of seaweed were low and was considered to be safe for consumption.

본 연구는 2018년 경기도내 대형마트, 온라인에서 유통 중인 해조류 및 해조류가공품 80건을 대상으로 중금속 4종(납, 카드뮴, 비소, 수은)의 오염도를 모니터링하고, 해조류 섭취에 따른 위해도를 평가하였다. 현재 해조류에 설정된 중금속 기준은 납의 경우 미역(미역귀 포함)에만 0.5 mg/kg 이하로 설정되어 있으며, 카드뮴은 김(조미김 포함)과 미역(미역귀 포함)에 0.3 mg/kg 이하로 설정되어 있다. 검사 결과 기준이 설정된 제품은 모두 기준치 이내로 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 중금속 중 특히 비소의 경우 대부분의 해조류에서 대체로 높은 함량을 나타내었으며, 유기비소와 달리 독성이 강한 것으로 알려진 무기비소의 함량이 다소 높은 톳과 모자반을 함유한 가공식품에 무기비소 기준을 신설하여 2018년부터 시행중에 있다. 본 연구에서 진행된 톳 제품은 시행일 전에 제조되어 기준 적용 대상은 아니었지만, 건조 톳 8건 중 4건은 수산물, 4건은 기타수산물가공품으로 분류되어 있어 명확한 유형 분류 기준이 먼저 필요할 것이다. 노출량에 따른 위해도는 안전한 수준으로 나타났으나, 현재 우리나라에서 섭취하는 해조류의 종류에 비해 중금속 기준이 설정이 되어있는 해조류는 미비하기 때문에, 본 연구 결과는 향후 해조류의 중금속 관리 기준 설정을 위한 기초자료로 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

References

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