Structural Engineering and Mechanics

  • 제72권2호
  • /
  • Pages.217-227
  • /
  • 2019
  • /
  • 1225-4568(pISSN)
  • /
  • 1598-6217(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Shape sensing with inverse finite element method for slender structures

  • Savino, Pierclaudio (Department of Structural, Geotechnical and Building Engineering, Politecnico di Torino) ;
  • Gherlone, Marco (Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino) ;
  • Tondolo, Francesco (Department of Structural, Geotechnical and Building Engineering, Politecnico di Torino)
  • 투고 : 2019.02.25
  • 심사 : 2019.05.30
  • 발행 : 2019.10.25
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

The methodology known as "shape sensing" allows the reconstruction of the displacement field of a structure starting from strain measurements, with considerable implications for structural monitoring, as well as for the control and implementation of smart structures. An approach to shape sensing is based on the inverse Finite Element Method (iFEM) that uses a variational principle enforcing a least-squares compatibility between measured and analytical strain measures. The structural response is reconstructed without the knowledge of the mechanical properties and load conditions but based only on the relationship between displacements and strains. In order to efficiently apply iFEM to the most common structural typologies of civil engineering, its formulation according to the kinematical assumptions of the Bernoulli-Euler theory is presented. Two beam inverse finite elements are formulated for different loading conditions. Depending on the type of element, the relationship between the minimum number of required measurement stations and the interpolation order is defined. Several examples representing common applications of civil engineering and involving beams and frames are presented. To simulate the experimental strain data at the station points and to verify the accuracy of the displacements obtained with the iFEM shape sensing procedure, a direct FEM analysis of the considered structures is performed using the LUSAS software.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Belabed, Z., Houari, M.S.A., Tounsi, A., Mahmoud, S.R. and Anwar Beg, O.A. (2014), "An efficient and simple higher order shear and normal deformation theory for functionally graded material (FGM) plates", Compos. Part B, 60, 274-283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2013.12.057.
  2. Akl, W., Poh, S. and Baz, A. (2007), "Wireless and distributed sensing of the shape of morphing structures", Sensors Actuators, 140, 94-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2007.06.026.
  3. Cerracchio, P., Gherlone, M. and Tessler, A. (2015a), "Real-time displacement monitoring of a composite stiffened panel subjected to mechanical and thermal loads", Meccanica, 50(10), 2487-2496. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11012-015-0146-8.
  4. Cerracchio, P., Gherlone, M., Di Sciuva, M. and Tessler, A. (2015b), "A novel approach for displacements and stress monitoring of sandwich structures based on the inverse Finite Element Method", Compos. Struct., 127, 69-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2015.02.081.
  5. Gherlone, M. (2008), "Beam inverse finite element formulation", Research Report No. 1; Department of Aeronautics and Space Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy.
  6. Gherlone, M., Cerracchio, P., Mattone, M., Di Sciuva, M. and Tessler, A. (2012), "Shape sensing of 3D frame structures using an inverse Finite Element Method", J. Solid. Struct., 49, 3100-3112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2012.06.009.
  7. Gherlone, M., Cerracchio, P., Mattone, M., Di Sciuva, M. and Tessler, A. (2014), "An inverse finite element method for beam shape sensing: theoretical framework and experimental validation", Smart Mater. Struct., 23(4), 045027. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/23/4/045027.
  8. Gherlone, M., Cerracchio, P. and Mattone, M. (2018), "Shape sensing methods: review and experimental comparison on a wing-shaped plate", Progress Aerosp. Sci., 99, 14-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paerosci.2018.04.001.
  9. Glaser, R., Caccese, V. and Shahinpoor, M. (2012), "Shape monitoring of a beam structure from measured strain or curvature", Exp. Mech., 52, 591-606. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11340-011-9523-y.
  10. Henault, J.M., Quiertant, M., Delepine-Lesoille, S., Salin, J., Moreau, G., Taillade, F. and Benzarti, K. (2012), "Quantitative strain measurement and crack detection in RC structures using a truly distributed fiber optic sensing system", Construct. Build. Mater., 37, 916-923. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.05.029.
  11. Hong-Hu, Z., Jian-Hua, Y., Lin, Z., Wei, J. and Jian-Hua, D. (2009), "Monitoring internal displacements of a model dam using FBG sensing bars", Adv. Struct. Eng., 13, 249-261. https://doi.org/10.1260/1369-4332.13.2.249.
  12. Jiang, T., Shen, Z., Yang, M., Xu, L., Gan, L. and Cui, X. (2018), "A new model approach to predict the unloading rock slope displacement behaviour based on monitoring data", Struct. Eng. Mech., 67(2), 105-113. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2018.67.2.105.
  13. Ju, M., Park, K., Moon, D., Park, C. and Sim, J. (2018), "On strain measurement of smart GFRP bars with built-in fiber Bragg grating sensor", Struct. Eng. Mech., 65(2), 155-162. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2018.65.2.155.
  14. Kefal, A., Oterkus, E., Tessler, A. and Spangler, J.L. (2016a), "A quadrilateral inverse-shell element with drilling degrees of freedom for shape sensing and structural health monitoring", Eng. Sci. Tehcnol., 19(3), 1299-1313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jestch.2016.03.006.
  15. Kefal, A. and Oterkus, E. (2016b), "Displacement and stress monitoring of a chemical tanker based on inverse finite element method", Ocean Eng., 112, 33-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2015.11.032.
  16. Kefal, A. and Oterkus, E. (2016c), "Displacement and stress monitoring of a Panamax containership using inverse finite element method", Ocean Eng., 119, 16-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2016.04.025.
  17. Kefal, A., Mayang, B.J., Oterkus, E. and Yildiz, M. (2018), "Three dimensional shape and stress monitoring of bulk carriers based on iFEM methodology", Ocean Eng., 147, 256-267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2017.10.040.
  18. Kefal, A., Tessler, A. and Oterkus, E. (2017a), "An enhanced inverse finite element method for displacement and stress monitoring of multi-layered composite and sandwich structures", Compos. Struct., 179, 514-540. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.07.078.
  19. Kefal, A. and Yildiz, M. (2017b), "Modeling of sensor placement strategy for shape sensing and Structural Health Monitoring of a wing-shaped sandwich panel using inverse Finite Element Method", Sensors, 17(12), 2775. https://doi.org/10.3390/s17122775.
  20. Kim, N.S. and Cho, N.S. (2004), "Estimating deflection of a simple beam model using fiber optic Bragg-grating sensors", Exp. Mech., 44, 433-439. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02428097
  21. Kirby, G.C., Lim, T.W., Weber, R., Bosse, A., Povich, C. and Fisher, S. (1997), "Strain based shape estimation algorithms for cantilever beam", Proceedings of SPIE 3041, San Diego, California, June.
  22. Ko, W.L., Richards, W.L. and Fleischer, V.T. (2009), "Applications of Ko displacement theory to the deformed shape predictions of the doubly-tapered Ikhana wing", NASA/TP 214652, 01 October, California.
  23. Mao, Z. and Todd, M. (2008), "Comparison of shape reconstruction strategies in a complex flexible structure", Proceedings of SPIE 6932, San Diego, California, April.
  24. Papa, U, Russo S., Lamboglia, A., Del Core, G. and Iannuzzo, G. (2017), "Health structure monitoring for the design of an innovative UAS fixed wing through inverse finite element method", Aerosp. Sci. Technol., 69, 439-448. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2017.07.005.
  25. Quiertant, M., Baby, F., Khadour, A., Marchand, P., Rivillon, P., Billo, J., Lapeyrere, R., Toutlemonde, F., Simon, A. and Cordier, J. (2013), "Deformation monitoring of reinforcement bars with a distributed fiber optic sensor for the SHM of reinforced concrete structures", Seventh International Conference on Concrete under Severe Conditions - Environment and Loading, China, September.
  26. Regier, R. and Hoult, N.A. (2014), "Distributed strain behaviour of a reinforced concrete bridge: Case study", J. Bridge Eng., 19(12), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000637.
  27. Rodriguez, G., Casas, J.R., Villalba, S. and Barrias, A. (2016), "Monitoring of shear cracking in partially prestressed concrete beams by distributed optical fiber sensors", Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management, Foz do Iguacu, Brazil, June.
  28. Serker, N.H.M. and Wu, Z.S. (2010), "Structural health monitoring using static and dynamic strain data from long-gage distributed FBG sensor", Joint Conference on Advances in Bridge Engineering-II, Dhaka, Bangladesh, August.
  29. Shi, B., Sui, H., Liu, J. and Zhang, D. (2009), "The BOTDR-based distributed monitoring system for slope engineering", Proceedings of the 10th IAEG International Congress, Nottingham, UK, January.
  30. Shi, B., Xu, H., Chen, B., Zhang, D., Ding, Y., Cui, H. and Gao, J. (2003), "A Feasibility Study on the Application of Fiber-Optic Distributed sensors for strain measurement in the Taiwan strait tunnel project", Marine Georesources and Geotechnology, 21, 333-343. https://doi.org/10.1080/713773406.
  31. Shkarayev, S., Krashantisa, R. and Tessler, A. (2001), "An inverse interpolation method utilizing in-flight strain measurements for determining loads and structural response of aerospace vehicles", Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring, Stanford, California.
  32. Tessler, A. and Spangler, J.L. (2003), "A variational principle for reconstruction of elastic deformation of shear deformable plates and shells", NASA TM-2003-212445; NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton, VA, USA.
  33. Tessler, A. and Spangler, J.L. (2004), "Inverse FEM for full-field reconstruction of elastic deformations in shear deformable plates and shells", 2nd European Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring, Munich, Germany.
  34. Thevenaz, L., Facchini, M., Fellay, A., Robert, P., Inaudi, D. and Dardel, B. (1999), "Monitoring of large structure using distributed Brillouin fibre sensing", Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors, Kyongju, Korea, April.
  35. Tondolo, F., Cesetti, A., Matta, E., Quattrone, A. and Sabia, D. (2018), "Smart reinforcement steel bars with low-cost MEMS sensors for the structural health monitoring of RC structures", Construct. Build. Mater., 173, 740-753. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.04.045.
  36. Unsal, I., Tokgoz, S., Cagatay, H.I. and Dundar, C. (2017), "A study on load-deflection behaviour of two-span continuous concrete beams reinforced with GFRP and steel bars", Struct. Eng. Mech., 63(5), 629-637. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2017.63.5.629.
  37. Villalba, S. and Casas, J.R. (2012), "Application of optical fiber distributed sensing to health monitoring of concrete structures", Mech. Syst. Signal Process., 39, 441-451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2012.01.027.
  38. Zeng, X., Bao, X., Chhoa, C.Y., Bremner, T.W., Brown, A.W., DeMerchant, M.D., Ferrier, G., Kalamkarov, A.L. and Georgiades, A.V. (2002), "Strain measurement in a concrete beam by use of the Brillouin-scattering-based distributed fiber sensor with single-mode fibers embedded in glass fiber reinforced polymer rods and bonded to steel reinforcing bars", Appl. Optics, 41, 5105-5114. https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.41.005105.

피인용 문헌

  1. Reconstruction of full-field complex deformed shapes of thin-walled special-section beam structures based on in situ strain measurement vol.23, pp.15, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1177/1369433220937156
  2. Numerical and experimental investigation for monitoring and prediction of performance in the soft actuator vol.77, pp.2, 2021, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2021.77.2.167