Wind and Structures

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Research on aerodynamic force and structural response of SLCT under wind-rain two-way coupling environment

  • Ke, Shitang (Department of Civil Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics) ;
  • Yu, Wenlin (Jiangsu Power Design Institute Co., LTD, China Energy Engineering Group) ;
  • Ge, Yaojun (State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering, Tongji University)
  • Received : 2018.05.20
  • Accepted : 2019.07.27
  • Published : 2019.10.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Wind-resistant design of existing cooling tower structures overlooks the impacts of rainfall. However, rainstorm will influence aerodynamic force on the tower surface directly. Under this circumstance, the structural response of the super-large cooling tower (SLCT) will become more complicated, and then the stability and safety of SLCT will receive significant impact. In this paper, surrounding wind fields of the world highest (210 m) cooling tower in Northwest China underthree typical wind velocities were simulated based on the wind-rain two-way coupling algorithm. Next, wind-rain coupling synchronous iteration calculations were conducted under 9 different wind speed-rainfall intensity combinations by adding the discrete phase model (DPM). On this basis, the influencing laws of different wind speed-rainfall intensity combinations on wind-driving rain, adhesive force of rain drops and rain pressure coefficients were discussed. The acting mechanisms of speed line, turbulence energy strength as well as running speed and trajectory of rain drops on structural surface in the wind-rain coupling field were disclosed. Moreover, the fitting formula of wind-rain coupling equivalent pressure coefficient of the cooling tower was proposed. A systematic contrast analysis on its 3D distribution pattern was carried out. Finally, coupling model of SLCT under different working conditions was constructed by combining the finite element method. Structural response, buckling stability and local stability of SLCT under different wind velocities and wind speed-rainfall intensity combinations were compared and analyzed. Major research conclusions can provide references to determine loads of similar SLCT accurately under extremely complicated working conditions.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : National Natural Science Foundation, Jiangsu Province Outstanding Natural Science Foundation, China Postdoctoral Science Foundation

References

  1. Bennett, M., Kodakalla, V. and Gupta, V. (2011), "Vibration mitigation measures in cable stayed bridges", J. Molecular Struct., 996(1-3), 64-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2011.04.017
  2. Blocken, B., Dezso, G., Beeck, J.V. and Carmeliet, J. (2010), "Comparison of calculation models for wind-driven rain deposition on building facades", Atmos. Environ., 44(14), 1714-1725. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.02.011.
  3. Blocken, B. and Carmeliet, J. (2004), "A review of wind-driven rain research in nuilding science", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 92(13), 1079-1130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2004.06.003.
  4. Chen, X., Zhao, L., Cao, S.Y. and Ge, Y.J. (2016), "Extreme wind loads on super-large cooling towers", J. Int. Assoc. Shell Spatial Struct., 57(1), 49-58. https://doi.org/10.20898/j.iass.2016.187.772.
  5. Douvi, E. and Margaris, D. (2012), "Aerodynamic performance investigation under the influence of heavy rain of a NACA 0012 airfoil for wind turbine applications", Int. Review Mech. Eng., 6(6).
  6. Fu, X., Li, H.N. and Li, G. (2016), "Fragility analysis and estimation of collapse status for transmission tower subjected to wind and rain loads", Struct. Saf., 58, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strusafe.2015.08.002.
  7. GB/T 28592-2012 (2012), Grade of precipitation, China Standards Press; Beijing, China.
  8. GB 50009-2012 (2012), Load code for the design of building structures, China Architecture and Building Press; Beijing, China.
  9. GB/T 50102-2014 (2014), Code for design of cooling for industrial recirculating water, The Ministry of Construction of China; Beijing, China.
  10. Gunn, R. and Kinzer, G.D. (1949), "The terminal fall velocity for water droplets in stagnant air", J. Atmos. Sci., 6(4), 243-248.
  11. Jiang, F. (2008), Fluent Advanced Application and Case Analysis, Tsinghua University Press, Beijing, China.
  12. Ke, S.T., Ge, Y.J. and Zhao, L. (2015), "Stability and reinforcement analysis of super large exhaust cooling towers based on a wind tunnel test", J. Struct. Eng., 141(12), 04015066. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001309.
  13. Ke, S.T., Liang, J., Zhao, L. and Ge, Y.J. (2015), "Influence of ventilation rate on the aerodynamic interference for two IDCTs by CFD", Wind Struct., 20(3), 449-468. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2015.20.3.449.
  14. Ke, S.T. and Ge, Y.J. (2014), "The influence of self-excited forces on wind loads and wind effects for super-large cooling towers", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 132, 125-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2014.07.003.
  15. Ke, S.T., Du, L.Y., Ge, Y.J., Zhao, L. and Tamura, Y. (2017), "A study on the average wind load characteristics and wind-induced responses of a super-large straight-cone steel cooling tower", Wind Struct., 25(5), 433-457. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2017.25.5.433.
  16. Liu, S., Huang, S.H. and Li, Q.S. (2017), "3D numerical simulation of wind-driven rain on bridge deck sections based on eulerian multiphase model", Eng. Mech., 34(4), 63-71.
  17. Li, P.F., Zhao, L., Ge, Y.J. and Huang, Z.L. (2008), "Research on wind tunnel test of wind load of super-large cooling tower", Eng. Mech., 25(6), 60-67.
  18. Iousef, S., Montazeri, H., Blocken, B. and Van Wesemael, P. J. V. (2017), "On the use of non-conformal grids for economic LES of wind flow and convective heat transfer for a wall-mounted cube", Building and Environment, 119, 44-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2017.04.004.
  19. Marshall, J.S. and Palmer, W.M. (1948), "The distribution of raindrops with size", J. Meteorology, 5, 165-166. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1948)005<0165:TDORWS>2.0.CO;2
  20. Mcfarquhar, G.M. and List, R. (2010), "The raindrop mean free path and collision rate dependence on rainrate for three-peak equilibrium and Marshall-Palmer distributions", J. Atmos. Sci., 48(48), 1999-2004. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1991)048<1999:TRMFPA>2.0.CO;2
  21. Niemann, H.J. and Kopper, H.D. (1998), "Influence of adjacent buildings on wind effects on cooling towers", Eng. Struct., 20(10), 874-880. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(97)00131-4
  22. Piomelli, U., Kang, S., Ham, F. and Iaccarino, D.G. (2006), "Effect of discontinuous filter width in large-eddy simulations of plane channel flow", Proceedings of the Summer Program, 2006, Center for Turbulence Research, 151-162.
  23. Rigby, E.C., Marshall, J.S. and Hitschfeld, W. (2010), "The development of the size distribution of raindrops during their fall", J. Atmos. Sci., 11(5), 362-372. https://doi.org/10.1175/15200469(1954)011<0362:TDOTSD>2.0.CO;2.
  24. Shen, G.H., Zhang, C.S. and Sun, B.N. (2011), "Numerical simulation of wind load on inner surface of large hyperbolic cooling tower", J. Harbin Inst. Technol., 43(4), 104-108.
  25. Sun, T.F. and Zhou, L.M. (1983), "Without ribs the elliptic wind pressure distribution of the cooling tower full size measurement and wind tunnel study", Acta Aerodynamica Sinica, 12(4), 12-17.
  26. VGB-R610Ue (2005), VGB-Guideline: structural design of cooling tower-technical guideline for the structural design, computation and execution of cooling towers; Essen, BTR Bautechnik Bei Kuhlturmen.
  27. Wu, X.P. (2008), "Numerical study on the effects of wind and rain on low-rise buildings", Master Dissertation; Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
  28. Wang, L.Y. and Xu, Y.L. (2010), "Active stiffness control of wind-rain-induced vibration of prototype stay cable", Int. J. Numer. Meth. Eng., 74(1), 80-100. https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.2152.
  29. Wang, Z., Zhao, Y., Li, F. and Jiang, J. (2013), "Extreme dynamic responses of mw-level wind turbine tower in the strong typhoon considering wind-rain loads", Math. Problem. Eng., 3, 133-174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/512530.
  30. Xin, D., Li, H., Wang, L. and Ou, J. (2012), "Experimental study on static characteristics of the bridge deck section under simultaneous actions of wind and rain", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 107-108, 17-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2012.03.002.
  31. Zou, Y.F., Chen, Z.Q. and Niu, H.W. (2014), "The effect of surface roughness on the wind response and interference of cooling tower", Acta Aerodynamica Sinica, 32(3), 388-394.
  32. Zhang, Q.C., Li, W.Y., Wang, W., Zhang, Q.C., Li, W.Y. and Wang, W. (2010), "Static bifurcation of rain-wind-induced vibration of stay cable", Acta Physica Sinica, 59(2), 729-734. https://doi.org/10.7498/aps.59.729
  33. Zhang, J.F., Ge, Y.J. and Zhao, L. (2013), "Influence of latitude wind pressure distribution on the responses of hyperbolodial cooling tower shell", Wind Struct., 16(6), 579-601. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/was.2013.16.6.579.
  34. Zhang, J.F., Ge, Y.J., Zhao, L. and Zhu, B. (2017), "Wind induced dynamic responses on hyperbolic cooling tower shells and the equivalent static wind load", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 169, 280-289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2017.08.002.