Korean Journal of Radiology

The Korean Society of Radiology (대한영상의학회)
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Structural and Functional Features on Quantitative Chest Computed Tomography in the Korean Asian versus the White American Healthy Non-Smokers

  • Cho, Hyun Bin (School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Chae, Kum Ju (Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital) ;
  • Jin, Gong Yong (Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital) ;
  • Choi, Jiwoong (Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Iowa) ;
  • Lin, Ching-Long (Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Iowa) ;
  • Hoffman, Eric A. (Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, The University of Iowa) ;
  • Wenzel, Sally E. (Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh) ;
  • Castro, Mario (Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine) ;
  • Fain, Sean B. (Departments of Radiology and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin) ;
  • Jarjour, Nizar N. (Departments of Radiology and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin) ;
  • Schiebler, Mark L. (Departments of Radiology and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin) ;
  • Barr, R. Graham (Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center) ;
  • Hansel, Nadia (School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University) ;
  • Cooper, Christopher B. (Department of Physiology, University of California) ;
  • Kleerup, Eric C. (Department of Medicine, University of California) ;
  • Han, MeiLan K. (Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan) ;
  • Woodruff, Prescott G. (School of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco) ;
  • Kanner, Richard E. (School of Medicine, University of Utah) ;
  • Bleecker, Eugene R. (Departments of Genetics and Genomics and Precision Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences) ;
  • Peters, Stephen P. (Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine) ;
  • Moore, Wendy C. (Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine) ;
  • Lee, Chang Hyun (Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, The University of Iowa) ;
  • Choi, Sanghun (School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University)
  • Received : 2019.01.31
  • Accepted : 2019.05.09
  • Published : 2019.07.01
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Abstract

Objective: Considering the different prevalence rates of diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Asians relative to other races, Koreans may have unique airway structure and lung function. This study aimed to investigate unique features of airway structure and lung function based on quantitative computed tomography (QCT)-imaging metrics in the Korean Asian population (Koreans) as compared with the White American population (Whites). Materials and Methods: QCT data of healthy non-smokers (223 Koreans vs. 70 Whites) were collected, including QCT structural variables of wall thickness (WT) and hydraulic diameter (Dh) and functional variables of air volume, total air volume change in the lung (ΔVair), percent emphysema-like lung (Emph%), and percent functional small airway disease-like lung (fSAD%). Mann-Whitney U tests were performed to compare the two groups. Results: As compared with Whites, Koreans had smaller volume at inspiration, ΔVair between inspiration and expiration (p < 0.001), and Emph% at inspiration (p < 0.001). Especially, Korean females had a decrease of ΔVair in the lower lobes (p < 0.001), associated with fSAD% at the lower lobes (p < 0.05). In addition, Koreans had smaller Dh and WT of the trachea (both, p < 0.05), correlated with the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (R = 0.49, 0.39; all p < 0.001) and forced vital capacity (R = 0.55, 0.45; all p < 0.001). Conclusion: Koreans had unique features of airway structure and lung function as compared with Whites, and the difference was clearer in female individuals. Discriminating structural and functional features between Koreans and Whites enables exploration of inter-racial differences of pulmonary disease in terms of severity, distribution, and phenotype.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study was supported by the Korea Ministry of Environment (MOE) as "The Environmental Health Action Program" [RE201806039, and RE201806027], Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education [NRF-2017R1D1A1B03034157, and NRF-2016R1D1A1B03936078], and National Institutes of Health (NIH) [S10 RR022421, U01 HL114494, U10 HL109152-04, 109257-04, 109168-04, 109172-04, 109046-04, 109250-05, 109164, 109086-04, and HHSN268200900013C, 268200900014C, 268200900015C, 268200900016C, 268200900017C, 268200900018C, 268200900019C, 268200900020C].

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