Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회지)

Korean Society of Environment and Ecology (한국환경생태학회)
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Monitoring Soil Characteristics and Growth of Pinus densiflora Five Years after Restoration in the Baekdudaegan Ridge

백두대간 마루금 복원사업지에서의 5년 경과 후 토양특성 및 소나무 생장 모니터링

  • Han, Seung Hyun (Div. of Forest Restoration & Resource Management, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Kim, Jung Hwan (Div. of Forest Restoration & Resource Management, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Kang, Won Seok (Div. of Forest Restoration & Resource Management, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Hwang, Jae Hong (Div. of Forest Restoration & Resource Management, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Park, Ki Hyung (Div. of Forest Restoration & Resource Management, National Institute of Forest Science) ;
  • Kim, Chan-Beom (Div. of Forest Restoration & Resource Management, National Institute of Forest Science)
  • 한승현 (국립산림과학원 산림육성.복원연구과) ;
  • 김정환 (국립산림과학원 산림육성.복원연구과) ;
  • 강원석 (국립산림과학원 산림육성.복원연구과) ;
  • 황재홍 (국립산림과학원 산림육성.복원연구과) ;
  • 박기형 (국립산림과학원 산림육성.복원연구과) ;
  • 김찬범 (국립산림과학원 산림육성.복원연구과)
  • Received : 2019.05.27
  • Accepted : 2019.07.11
  • Published : 2019.08.31
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Abstract

This study was conducted to monitor the soil characteristics and growth of Pinus densiflora and to determine the effect of soil characteristics on growth rate five years after an ecological restoration project in Baekdudaegan ridge including Ihwaryeong, Yuksimnyeong, and Beoljae sites. The ecological restoration project was executed with the forest of P. densiflora in 2012-2013. In April 2018, we collected soil samples from each site and measured the height and the diameter at breach height (DBH) of P. densiflora. Although there was no significant change of soil pH compared to the early stage of restoration (one year after the project), it was high in Ihwaryeong, and Beoljae with values of 7.7 and 6.4, respectively. Also, the organic matter decreased by 70-80%, and the available phosphorus (P) was unchanged in three restoration sites. The decreased organic matter can be attributed to restriction of inflow and thus decomposition of litter in the early stage after the restoration. The tree height growth rate ($m\;yr^{-1}$) of P. densiflora in Yuksimnyeong was the highest at 1.02, followed by Beolja at 0.75 and Ihwaryeong at 0.17. The height growth rate showed negative relationships with soil pH and cations, including Na and Ca concentrations and a positive relationship with available phosphate. The low growth rate in the Ihwaryeong site, in particular, might result from the poor nutrient availability due to high soil pH and the decrease in water absorption into the root due to high Na and Ca concentrations. The substantial reduction of organic matter after five years indicates that the need for soil improvement using chemical fertilizer and biochar.

및 분해가 제한됨에 따라 나타난 것으로 판단된다. 소나무 수고생장률본 연구는 이화령, 육십령, 벌재 등 백두대간 마루금 생태복원사업지에서 복원사업 5년 경과 후 토양특성과 소나무 생장을 모니터링하고 토양특성이 소나무 생장에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 복원사업은 소나무 조림목을 이용하여 2012년-2013년에 완료되었으며, 2018년 4월에 각 복원사업지에서의 토양을 채취하고, 소나무의 수고와 흉고직경을 측정하였다. 토양 pH는 복원초기에 비해 크게 변화가 없었으나, 이화령과 벌재에서 7.7과 6.4의 높은 값을 보였다. 복원초기에 비해 유기물함량은 전반적으로 70-80%가 감소하였고, 유효인산은 크게 변화가 없었다. 유기물함량의 감소는 복원 후 초기 고사유기물의 유입 및 분해가 제한됨에 따라 나타난 것으로 판단된다. 소나무 수고생장률($m\;yr^{-1}$)은 지역에 따라 유의한 차이를 보였는데, 육십령에서 1.02로 가장 높았으며, 그 뒤로 벌재(0.75), 이화령(0.17)순이다. 수고생장률은 토양 pH, 양이온함량(Na, Ca 등)과 부의 상관관계를 보인 반면, 유효인산과는 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 특히 이화령 지역의 저조한 소나무 생장률은 높은 토양 pH로 인한 낮은 양분가용성과, 높은 Na와 Ca 농도로 인한 뿌리로의 수분흡수 저해로 인한 것으로 판단된다. 한편 복원 5년 경과 후 나타난 유기물함량의 급격한 감소는 향후 화학비료, 바이오차 등을 이용한 토양개량이 필요할 것으로 보인다.

Keywords

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