References
- Zarb GA, Schmitt A. The longitudinal clinical effectiveness of osseointegrated dental implants: the Toronto Study. Part II: the prosthetic results. J Prosthet Dent 1990;64:53-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(90)90153-4
- Burns DR, Unger JW, Elswick RK Jr, Beck DA. Prospective clinical evaluation of mandibular implant overdentures: part I--retention, stability, and tissue response. J Prosthet Dent 1995;73:354-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(05)80331-2
- Burns DR, Unger JW, Coffey JP, Waldrop TC, Elswick RK Jr. Randomized, prospective, clinical evaluation of prosthodontic modalities for mandibular implant overdenture treatment. J Prosthet Dent 2011;106:12-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(11)60088-7
- Ortegon SM, Thompson GA, Agar JR, Taylor TD, Perdikis D. Retention forces of spherical attachments as a function of implant and matrix angulation in mandibular overdentures: an in vitro study. J Prosthet Dent 2009;101:231-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3913(09)60045-7
- Geckili O, Bilhan H, Mumcu E, Dayan C, Yabul A, Tuncer N. Comparison of patient satisfaction, quality of life, and bite force between elderly edentulous patients wearing mandibular two implant- supported overdentures and conventional complete dentures after 4 years. Spec Care Dentist 2012;32:136-41. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1754-4505.2012.00258.x
- Geckili O, Bilhan H, Bilgin T. Impact of mandibular two-implant retained overdentures on life quality in a group of elderly Turkish edentulous patients. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2011;53:233-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2010.11.027
- Naert I, Alsaadi G, Quirynen M. Prosthetic aspects and patient satisfaction with two-implant-retained mandibular overdentures: a 10- year randomized clinical study. Int J Prosthodont 2004;17:401-10.
- Walton JN, Huizinga SC, Peck CC. Implant angulation: a measurement technique, implant overdenture maintenance, and the influence of surgical experience. Int J Prosthodont 2001;14:523-30.
- Geckili O, Bilhan H, Bilgin T. Locator attachments as an alternative to ball attachments in 2-implant retained mandibular overdentures. J Can Dent Assoc 2007;73:691-4.
- Trakas T, Michalakis K, Kang K, Hirayama H. Attachment systems for implant retained overdentures: a literature review. Implant Dent 2006;15:24-34. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.id.0000202419.21665.36
- Heckmann SM, Winter W, Meyer M, Weber HP, Wichmann MG. Overdenture attachment selection and the loading of implant and denture-bearing area. Part 2: a methodical study using five types of attachment. Clin Oral Implants Res 2001;12:640-7. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0501.2001.120613.x
- Osman RB, Payne AG, Ma S. Prosthodontic maintenance of maxillary implant overdentures: a systematic literature review. Int J Prosthodont 2012;25:381-91.
- Bakke M, Holm B, Gotfredsen K. Masticatory function and patient satisfaction with implant-supported mandibular overdentures: a prospective 5-year study. Int J Prosthodont 2002;15:575-81.
- Bergendal T, Engquist B. Implant-supported overdentures: a longitudinal prospective study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1998;13:253-62.
- Karabuda C, Tosun T, Ermis E, Ozdemir T. Comparison of 2 retentive systems for implant-supported overdentures: soft tissue management and evaluation of patient satisfaction. J Periodontol 2002;73:1067-70. https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.2002.73.9.1067
- MacEntee MI, Walton JN, Glick N. A clinical trial of patient satisfaction and prosthodontic needs with ball and bar attachments for implant-retained complete overdentures: three-year results. J Prosthet Dent 2005;93:28-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2004.10.013
- Mumcu E, Bilhan H, Geckili O. The effect of attachment type and implant number on satisfaction and quality of life of mandibular implant-retained overdenture wearers. Gerodontology 2012;29:e618-23. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-2358.2011.00531.x
- Kleis WK, Kammerer PW, Hartmann S, Al-Nawas B, Wagner W. A comparison of three different attachment systems for mandibular two-implant overdentures: one-year report. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2010;12:209-18.
- Cune M, van Kampen F, van der Bilt A, Bosman F. Patient satisfaction and preference with magnet, bar-clip, and ball-socket retained mandibular implant overdentures: a cross-over clinical trial. Int J Prosthodont 2005;18:99-105.
- Davis DM, Packer ME. Mandibular overdentures stabilized by Astra Tech implants with either ball attachments or magnets: 5-year results. Int J Prosthodont 1999;12:222-9.
- Chaytor DV, Zarb GA, Schmitt A, Lewis DW. The longitudinal effectiveness of osseointegrated dental implants. The Toronto Study: bone level changes. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 1991;11:112-25.
- Donatsky O. Osseointegrated dental implants with ball attachments supporting overdentures in patients with mandibular alveolar ridge atrophy. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1993;8:162-6.
- Boerrigter EM, van Oort RP, Raghoebar GM, Stegenga B, Schoen PJ, Boering G. A controlled clinical trial of implant-retained mandibular overdentures: clinical aspects. J Oral Rehabil 1997;24:182-90. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.1997.tb00312.x
- Burns DR. Mandibular implant overdenture treatment: consensus and controversy. J Prosthodont 2000;9:37-46. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-849X.2000.00037.x
- Naert I, Alsaadi G, van Steenberghe D, Quirynen M. A 10-year randomized clinical trial on the influence of splinted and unsplinted oral implants retaining mandibular overdentures: peri-implant outcome. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2004;19:695-702.
- Cehreli MC, Karasoy D, Kokat AM, Akca K, Eckert S. A systematic review of marginal bone loss around implants retaining or supporting overdentures. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2010;25:266-77.
- Roos-Jansaker AM, Franke-Stenport V, Renvert S, Albrektsson T, Claffey N. Dog model for study of supracrestal bone apposition around partially inserted implants. Clin Oral Implants Res 2002;13:455-9. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0501.2002.130502.x
- Brunski J, Block MS, Guerra LR. Biomechanics of dental implants. In: Block MS, Kent JN, Guerra L, eds. Implants in dentistry: essentials of endosseous implants for maxillofacial reconstruction. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders; 1997:63-71.
- Bilhan H, Mumcu E, Arat S. The comparison of marginal bone loss around mandibular overdenture-supporting implants with two different attachment types in a loading period of 36 months. Gerodontology 2011;28:49-57. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-2358.2009.00334.x
- Bergkvist G, Simonsson K, Rydberg K, Johansson F, Derand T. A finite element analysis of stress distribution in bone tissue surrounding uncoupled or splinted dental implants. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2008;10:40-6. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1708-8208.2007.00059.x
- Bassetti RG, Bassetti MA, Kuttenberger J. Implant-assisted removable partial denture prostheses: a critical review of selected literature. Int J Prosthodont 2018;31:287-302. https://doi.org/10.11607/ijp.5227
- Wismeijer D, Tawse-Smith A, Payne AG. Multicentre prospective evaluation of implant-assisted mandibular bilateral distal extension removable partial dentures: patient satisfaction. Clin Oral Implants Res 2013;24:20-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02367.x
- Payne AG, Tawse-Smith A, Wismeijer D, De Silva RK, Ma S. Multicentre prospective evaluation of implant-assisted mandibular removable partial dentures: surgical and prosthodontic outcomes. Clin Oral Implants Res 2017;28:116-25.
- Starr NL. The distal extension case: an alternative restorative design for implant prosthetics. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2001;21:61-7.
- Feinberg E. Precision attachment case restoration with implant abutments: a review with case reports. J Oral Implantol 2011;37:489-98. https://doi.org/10.1563/AAID-JOI-D-10-00009.1
- Pellecchia M, Pellecchia R, Emtiaz S. Distal extension mandibular removable partial denture connected to an anterior fixed implant-supported prosthesis: a clinical report. J Prosthet Dent 2000;83:607-12. https://doi.org/10.1067/mpr.2000.107114
- Chronopoulos V, Sarafianou A, Kourtis S. The use of dental implants in combination with removable partial dentures: a case report. J Esthet Restor Dent 2008;20:355-64; discussion 365. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1708-8240.2008.00209.x
- Bilhan H. The role of the dental implant in removable partial dentures. In: Sakar O, ed. Removable partial dentures: a practitioners' manual. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016:195-208.
- English CE. Bar patterns in implant prosthodontics. Implant Dent 1994;3:217-29. https://doi.org/10.1097/00008505-199412000-00002
- Machado AC, Cardoso L, Brandt WC, Henriques GE, de Arruda Nobilo MA. Photoelastic analysis of the distribution of stress in different systems of overdentures on osseous-integrated implants. J Craniofac Surg 2011;22:2332-6. https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e318232a791
- Nishioka RS, de Vasconcellos LG, de Melo Nishioka LN. External hexagon and internal hexagon in straight and offset implant placement: strain gauge analysis. Implant Dent 2009;18:512-20. https://doi.org/10.1097/ID.0b013e3181bcc621
- Rangert B, Gunne J, Glantz PO, Svensson A. Vertical load distribution on a three-unit prosthesis supported by a natural tooth and a single Branemark implant. An in vivo study. Clin Oral Implants Res 1995;6:40-6. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0501.1995.060105.x
- Haruta A, Matsushita Y, Tsukiyama Y, Sawae Y, Sakai N, Koyano K. Effects of mucosal thickness on the stress distribution and denture stability of mandibular implant-supported overdentures with unsplinted attachments in vitro. J Dent Biomech 2011;2011:894395.
- Menicucci G, Lorenzetti M, Pera P, Preti G. Mandibular implant-retained overdenture: finite element analysis of two anchorage systems. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1998;13:369-76.
- Thayer HH, Caputo AA. Photoelastic stess analysis of overdenture attachments. J Prosthet Dent 1980;43:611-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-3913(80)90374-1