Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
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Comparison of nitrogen transformation dynamics in non-irradiated and irradiated alfalfa and red clover during ensiling

  • Dong, Zhihao (Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University) ;
  • Li, Junfeng (Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University) ;
  • Chen, Lei (Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University) ;
  • Yuan, Xianjun (Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University) ;
  • Shao, Tao (Institute of Ensiling and Processing of Grass, College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University)
  • Received : 2018.09.12
  • Accepted : 2019.02.27
  • Published : 2019.10.01
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Abstract

Objective: To study the contribution of plant enzyme and microbial activities on protein degradation in silage, this study evaluated the nitrogen transformation dynamics during ensiling of non- and irradiated alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.). Methods: Alfalfa and red clover silages were prepared and equally divided into two groups. One group was exposed to ${\gamma}$-irradiation at a recommended dosage (25 Gky). Therefore, four types of silages were produced: i) non-irradiated alfalfa silage; ii) irradiated alfalfa silage; iii) non-irradiated red clover silage; and iv) irradiated red clover silage. These silages were opened for fermentation quality and nitrogen components analyses after 1, 4, 8, and 30 days, respectively. Results: The ${\gamma}$-irradiation successfully suppressed microbial activity, indicated by high pH and no apparent increases in fermentation end products in irradiated silages. All nitrogen components, except for peptide-N, increased throughout the ensiling process. Proteolysis less occurred in red clover silages compared with alfalfa silages, indicated by smaller (p<0.05) increment in peptide-N and free amino acid N (FAA-N) during early stage of ensiling. The ${\gamma}$-irradiation treatment increased (p<0.05) peptide-N and FAA-N in alfalfa silage at day 1, whereas not in red clover silage; these two nitrogen components were higher (p<0.05) between day 4 and day 30 in non-irradiated silages than the irradiated silages. The ammonia nitrogen and non-protein nitrogen were highest in non-irradiated alfalfa silage and lowest in irradiated red clover silage after ensiling. Conclusion: The result of this study indicate that red clover and alfalfa are two forages varying in their nitrogen transformation patterns, especially during early stages of ensiling. Microbial activity plays a certain role in the proteolysis and seems little affected by the presence of polyphenol oxidase in red clover compared with alfalfaa.

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References

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