Advances in concrete construction

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Durability of CFRP strengthened RC beams under wetting and drying cycles of magnesium sulfate attack

  • Received : 2018.06.05
  • Accepted : 2019.04.27
  • Published : 2019.08.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Durability of strengthened reinforced concrete (RC) beams with CFRP sheets under wetting and drying cycles of magnesium sulfate attack is investigated in this research. Accordingly, 18 RC beams were designed and made where 10 of them were strengthened by CFRP sheets at their tension side. Magnesium sulfate attack and wetting and drying cycles with water and magnesium sulfate solution were considered as exposure conditions. Finally, flexural performance of the beams was measured before and after 5 months of exposure. Results indicated that the bending capacity of the strengthened RC beams was reduced about 10% after 5 months of immersion in the magnesium sulfate solution. Wetting and drying cycles of magnesium sulfate solution reduced the bending capacity of the strengthened RC beams about 7%. Also, flexural capacity reduction of the strengthened RC beams in water and under wetting and drying cycles of water was negligible.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : Yasouj University

References

  1. Al-Salloum, Y.A. (2011), "Behavior of FRP confined concrete after high temperature exposure", Constr. Build. Mater., 25(2), 838-850. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.06.103.
  2. Bellakehal, H., Zaidi, A., Masmoudi, R. and Bouhicha, M. (2013), "Combined effect of sustained load and freeze-thaw cycles on one-way concrete slabs reinforced with glass fiber-reinforced polymer", Can. J. Civil Eng., 40(11), 1060-1067. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2012-0514.
  3. Chajes, M.J., Thomson, T.A. and Farschman, C.A. (1995), "Durability of concrete beams externally reinforced with composite fabrics", Constr. Build. Mater., 9(3), 141-148. https://doi.org/10.1016/0950-0618(95)00006-2.
  4. Collepardi, M. (2001), "Ettringite formation and sulfate attack on concrete", Fifth CANMET/ACI International Conference on Recent Advances in Concrete Technology, Singapore, July.
  5. Dimitrienko, Y.I. (1999), Thermomechanics of Composites under High Temperatures, Klewer Academic Publishers, London, UK.
  6. Duthinh, D. and Starnes, M. (2004), "Strength and ductility of concrete beams reinforced with carbon fiber reinforced polymer plates and steel", J. Compos. Constr., 8(1), 59-69. https://server1.ezproxy.ml:2103/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2004)8:1(59).
  7. Eldin, M.M. Tarabia, A.M. and Hasson, R.F. (2017), "CFRP strengthening of continuous RC T-beams at hogging moment zone across the flange", J. Struct. Eng. Mech., 64(6), 783-792. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2017.64.6.783.
  8. Elkady, H. and Hasan A. (2010), "Protection of reinforced concrete beams retrofitted by carbon fibre-reinforced polymer composites against elevated temperatures", Can. J. Civil Eng., 37(9), 1171-1178. https://doi.org/10.1139/L10-059.
  9. Ferraris, C.F., Stutzman, P.E. and Snyder, K.A. (2006), Sulfate Resistance of Concrete, a New Approach and Test, Chicago: Portland Cement Association, R&D Serial No. 2486.
  10. Hamada, H., Fukute, T. and Yamamoto, K. (1992), "Bending behavior of unbounded prestressed concrete beams prestressed with CFRP rods, fiber reinforced cement and concrete", Proceedings of the Fourth RILEM International Symposium, Sheffield, July.
  11. Iden, I.K. and Hagelia, P. (2003), "C, O and S isotopic signatures in concrete which have thaumasite formation and limited thaumasite form of sulfate attack", Cement Concrete Compos., 25(8), 839-846. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-9465(03)00110-0.
  12. Justnes, H. (2003), "Thaumasite formed by sulfate attack on mortar with limestone filler", Cement Concrete Compos., 25(8), 955-959. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-9465(03)00120-3.
  13. Katsuki, F. and Uomoto, T. (1995), "Prediction of deterioration of FRP rods due to alkali attack", Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Non-Metallic (FRP) Reinforcement for Concrete Structures, Ghent, Belgium, August.
  14. Kerr, J.R. and Haskins, J.F. (1982), "Effects of 50,000 h of thermal aging on graphite/epoxy and graphite/polyimide composites", Am. Inst. Aeronaut. Astron., 22(1), 96-102. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.8345.
  15. Mehta, P.K. and Monteiro, P.J.M. (1992), Concrete: Microstructure, Properties, and Materials, McGraw-Hill, New York, USA.
  16. Monteny, J., Vincke, E., Beeldens, A., Belie, N.D., Taerwe L., Gemert, D.V. and Verstraete, W. (2000), "Chemical, microbiological, and in situ test methods for biogenic sulphuric acid corrosion of concrete", Cement Concrete Res., 30(4), 623-634. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(00)00219-2.
  17. Mufti, A.A., Banthia, N., Benmokrane, B., Boulfiza, M. and Newhook, J.P. (2007), "Durability of GFRP composite rod", Concrete Int., 29(2), 37-42.
  18. Naderi, M. and Hajinasiri, A. (2011), "Cohesion of CFRP sheets against heat, wetting-drying and freezing-thawing cycles", 6th National Congress on Civil Engineering, Semnan, Iran, May. (in Persian)
  19. Nehdi, M.L., Suleiman, A.R. and Soliman, A.M. (2014), "Investigation of concrete exposed to dual sulfate attack", Cement Concrete Res., 64, 42-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2014.06.002.
  20. Ouyang, W.Y., Chen, J. K. and Jiang, M.Q. (2014), "Evolution of surface hardness of concrete under sulfate attack", Constr. Build. Mater., 53, 419-424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.11.107.
  21. Ren, H., Hu, A. and Zhao, G. (2003), "Freeze-thaw resistance behavior of bonded joints between FRP and concrete", Dalian Univ. Technol., 43(4), 495-499.
  22. Rostasy, F.S. (1997), "Durability of FRP in aggressive environments", Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Non-metallic (FRP) Reinforcement for Concrete Structures, Japan, Sapporo, October.
  23. Santhanama, M., Cohen, M.D. and Olek, J. (2003), "Effects of gypsum formation on the performance of cement mortars during external sulfate attack", Cement Concrete Res., 33(3), 325-332. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(02)00955-9.
  24. Silva, M.A.G. and Biscaia, H. (2008), "Degradation of bond between FRP and RC beams", Compos. Struct., 85(2), 164-174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2007.10.014.
  25. Tang, C.W. (2018) "Local bond-slip behavior of medium and high strength fiber reinforced concrete after exposure to high temperatures", Struct. Eng. Mech., 66(4), 477-485. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2018.66.4.477.
  26. Tatar, J. and Hamilton, H.R. (2016), "Bond durability factor for externally bonded CFRP systems in concrete structures", ASCE Compos. Constr., 20(1), 1-11. https://server1.ezproxy.ml:2103/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000587.
  27. Toutanji, H. and Ortiz, G. (1997), "Durability of concrete beams strengthened with FRP plates", Proceedings of the International Conference on Rehabilitation and Development of Civil Engineering Infrastructure System, Beirut, Lebanon, June.
  28. Uomoto, T. and Nishimura, T., (1999), "Deterioration of aramid, glass and carbon fibers due to alkali, acid and water in different temperatures", Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Fiber Reinforcement Concrete Structures, American Concrete Institute, Baltimore, October.
  29. Yu, L.Z., Chen, J.K. and Song, H. (2018), "Experimental and theoretical analysis on the density and modulus development of concrete under continued hydration", Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica, 31(2), 161-173. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10338-018-0069-8.
  30. Yun, Y. and Wu, Y.F. (2011), "Durability of CFRP-concrete joints under freeze-thaw cycling", Cold Reg. Sci. Technol., 65(3), 401-412. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2010.11.008.
  31. Zhou, Y., Fan, Z., Du, J., Sui, L. and Xing, F. (2015), "Bond behavior of FRP-to-concrete interface under sulfate attack: an experimental study and modeling of bond degradation", Constr. Build. Mater., 85(15), 9-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.03.031.