Validity of the Happiness-Enhancing Activities and Positive Practices Inventory(HAPPI) Scale in Physical Activities Participation in Korean Old Adults

신체활동참여 한국 노인을 위한 행복증진활동(HAPPI)척도의 구인타당도

The purpose of this study is to assess construct validity and verify the concept of the Happiness-enhancing Activities and Positive Practices Inventory(HAPPI) developed by Henricksen & Stephens(2013), for Korean old adults who participating physical activities with measuring happiness-related propensity. In this study, the research model was confirmed by evidenced based on the content validity, EFA, construct validity of the latent structure analysis with CFA, reliability as internal consistency. Using self-reported questionnaire conducted among 370 participants who physical activities. Total of 344 data were selected. As a result, internal consistency α was acceptable. Evidence-based on convergent and discriminant of the CFA as GFI=.925, CFI .962, TLI .953, and RMSEA .062 appeared significantly. Model goodness-of-fit, C.R. ratio(Critical ratio: estimates/SE) and Squared Multiple Correlations(SMC), and average variance extracted(AVE) was verified with the hypothesis of the model. Therefore, HAPPI validity evidence for the model fit was confirmed. In conclusion, the HAPPI 4 factors and 16 items(Other-focused, Personal recreation and interests, Achievement, Self-Concordant Work, Spiritual and thought-related) has reliable evidence to apply for Korean old adults and applicable assessment of happiness.

이 연구는 신체활동참여 한국 노인의 행복관련 성향을 측정하기 위해 (Happiness-enhancing Activities and Positive Practices Inventory; HAPPI)를 개념적으로 그리고 통계적으로 구인타당도(construct validity)를 검증하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 Henricksen와 Stephens(2013)가 개발한 HAPPI 척도를 전문가가 참여한 검사내용에 기초한 증거를 문항분석을 통하여 검증하였으며, 신뢰도 분석, 탐색적 요인분석, 그리고 확인적 요인분석을 실시하여 타당도를 검증하였다. Cronbach's α로 내적일관성을 확인한 결과 모두 수용할 만한 것으로 나타났다. 구조방정식 모형을 적용하여 문항의 적합도를 검증한 결과 GFI=.925, CFI .962, TLI .953, 그리고 RMSEA .062으로 모두 적합하게 나타났으며 개념신뢰도(CR)와 평균분산추출지수(AVE)를 산출하여 수렴 및 판별 타당도를 확인되었다. 최종적으로 4요인(Other-focused, Personal recreation and interests, Achievement, Self-Concordant Work, Spiritual and thought-related) 16문항의 측정척도는 신체활동참여 한국 노인을 위한 행복증진활동의 성향을 측정하는 다차원적 행복증진활동 척도의 구인타당도를 만족하는 척도로 확인되었다. 결론적으로 HAPPI는 신체활동에 참여하고 있는 한국노인들에게 적용가능한 척도로 확인되었다.