Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

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Relationship Between Social Support and Cognitive Impairment of the Elderlies in Care Facilities

요양시설노인의 사회적 지지와 인지기능장애와의 관련성

  • Kim, Tae-Baek (Department of Social Welfare Graduate School of Sangji University)
  • 김태백 (상지대학교 대학원 사회복지학과)
  • Received : 2019.04.23
  • Accepted : 2019.06.07
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between social support(MOS-SSS) and cognitive impairment(MMSE-K) to the elderly in long-term care facilities. The study subjects were 372 aged 65 and older who were admitted to care facilities located in D metropolitan city. Data were collected through a personal interview conducted by interviewers who visited each care facility in October 2018. As a result, the levels of cognitive impairment(MMSE-K) was significantly higher in the group with lower social support(MOS-SSS) scores. In correlation to the cognitive impairment and social support, the cognitive impairment score showed a significant positive correlation between the social support score (r=0.250, p<0.001). Therefore, the lower the social support level, the higher the level of cognitive impairment. In result of the logistic regression, the risk ratio of critical cognitive impairment increased significantly from 2.8 times (ORs=2.75, 95% CI=1.40 to 5.79) in the low group(Q1) than in the very high group(Q4) of social support scores. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis shows that the lower the social support, the higher the cognitive impairment. As such research suggests that the cognitive impairment of the elderly in care facilities increases with lower social support, it is necessary to seek concrete measures to improve social support as part of the measures to enhance the recognition capability of the elderly in care facilities.

본 연구는 요양시설노인의 사회적 지지(MOS-SSS)와 인지기능장애(MMSE-K)정도와의 관련성을 규명할 목적으로 D 광역시의 일부 장기요양시설에 입소하고 있는 65세 이상 노인 372명을 대상으로 2018년 10월에 조사원이 조사대상 요양시설을 직접 방문하여 면접 조사를 실시하였다. 연구결과, 조사대상 노인들의 인지기능장애정도는 사회적지지가 낮은 군일수록 유의하게 높았다(p<0.001). 인지기능장애 점수와 사회적지지 점수 간의 상관관계에서는 유의한 양의 상관관계(r=0.250, p<0.001)를 보여, 사회적 지지가 낮을수록 인지기능장애 정도가 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 로지스틱 회귀분석 결과, 확정적 인지기능장애가 나타날 위험비는 사회적지지 총점이 매우 높은 군(Q4)보다 낮은 군(Q1)에서 2.8배(ORs=2.75, 95% CI=1.40~5.79) 유의하게 증가하였으며, 위계적 다중회귀분석 결과에서도 사회적 지지가 낮을수록 인지기능장애가 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 이 같은 연구결과는 요양시설 노인의 인지기능장애는 사회적 지지가 낮을수록 높아지는 것을 시사하고 있어 요양시설 노인의 인지기능을 증진시키기 위한 방안의 하나로 사회적 지지를 향상시키기 위한 구체적인 방안을 모색할 필요가 있다고 생각된다.

Keywords

Table 1. Mean score of cognitive impairment (MMSE-K) according to sociodemographic characteristics

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Table 2. Mean score of cognitive impairment (MMSE-K) according to health status

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n6_531_t0002.png 이미지

Table 3. Mean score of cognitive impairment (MMSE-K) according to health behaviors characteristics

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n6_531_t0003.png 이미지

Table 4. Mean score of cognitive impairment (MMSE-K) according to social supports

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n6_531_t0004.png 이미지

Table 5. Correlation coefficients between cognitive impairment(MMSE-K) and social supports

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n6_531_t0005.png 이미지

Table 6. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for social supports and cognitive impairment (MMSE-K)

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n6_531_t0006.png 이미지

Table 7. Hierarchial multiple regression of selected variables on cognitive impairment(MMSE-K)

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n6_531_t0007.png 이미지

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