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Exploring the Latent Classes in Students' Executive Function Difficulty by Mother and Teacher: Multivariate Analysis across School Adaption and Academic Performance

초등학생의 집행기능곤란에 대한 어머니와 담임교사 평정에 따른 잠재집단 탐색 및 학교적응, 학업수행 차이 검증

  • Yeon, Eun Mo (College of Basic Studies, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Choi, Hyo-Sik (Department of Education, Chuncheon National University of Education)
  • Received : 2019.04.29
  • Accepted : 2019.06.07
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to identify latent classes in executive function difficulty of first graders depends on evaluations from their mother and teacher and to investigate how its related with their school adaption and academic performance in second grade. Based on the model of the latent profile analysis, the 8th and 9th wave data from Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey were analyzed. The results of this study were as following. First, results showed that there were three types of latent classes in the executive function difficulty depend on evaluations from their mother and teacher: 'low executive function,' 'students who were highly evaluated by mother,' and 'students who were highly evaluated by teacher.' Second, students' executive function difficulty had a direct effect on the students' school adaption and academic performance in their second year of school. Especially students who were evaluated as having the lowest executive function difficulty showed significant higher means than students who were evaluated higher by mother and teacher. This study emphasized the importance of multiple evaluation in students' executive function difficulty to provide an educational intervention.

본 연구의 목적은 초등학교 1학년 시기의 집행기능곤란에 대한 교사와 부모의 평정 결과에 따른 최적의 잠재집단을 찾고, 확인된 잠재집단에 따라 초등학교 2학년 시기의 학교적응, 학업수행에 차이가 있는지 확인하는 것이다. 한국아동패널 8차년도(2015년도), 9차년도(2016년도) 자료의 1,012명의 데이터를 사용하였으며, 분석 방법으로 잠재프로파일 분석과 다변량분산분석을 활용하였다. 잠재프로파일분석 결과, 초등학교 1학년의 집행기능곤란에 대한 어머니와 담임교사의 평정 결과에 따른 잠재집단은 '일치되게 집행기능곤란 수준이 가장 낮은 집단', '어머니보다 담임교사가 집행기능곤란 수준을 더 높게 지각한 집단', '담임교사보다 어머니가 집행기능곤란 수준을 더 높게 지각한 집단'의 세 유형으로 구분되었다. 본 연구에서 확인된 잠재집단의 특징은 초등학교 1학년의 집행기능곤란에 대한 어머니와 담임교사 간 평정 일치도가 높은 집단과 평정 일치도가 낮은 집단이 공존한다는 것이다. 초등학교 1학년 시기에 확인된 세 유형의 잠재집단에 따라 초등학교 2학년 시기의 학교적응, 학업수행에 차이가 나타났는데, 학교적응의 4개 하위요인 중 3개, 학업수행 하위 요인 모두에서 '일치되게 집행기능곤란 수준이 가장 낮은 집단'이 '담임교사보다 어머니가 집행기능곤란 수준을 더 높게 지각한 집단'과 '어머니보다 담임교사가 집행기능곤란 수준을 더 높게 지각한 집단'보다, '담임교사보다 어머니가 집행기능곤란 수준을 더 높게 지각한 집단'이 '어머니보다 담임교사가 집행기능곤란 수준을 더 높게 지각한 집단'보다 평균 점수가 통계적으로 유의한 수준에서 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 초등학생의 학교적응 및 학업수행에 많은 영향을 미치는 집행기능곤란 수준을 정확하게 판단하기 위해서는 부모와 담임교사의 중다 평정 결과에 기초한 프로파일적 접근이 필요하며, 이에 기초한 교육적 처치를 하는 것이 중요함을 시사한다.

Keywords

Table 1. General characteristics of participants

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n6_38_t0001.png 이미지

Table 2. Results of latent profile analyses

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n6_38_t0002.png 이미지

Table 3. Classification posterior probabilities for the six profile solution(%)

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n6_38_t0003.png 이미지

Table 4. Descriptive statistics for the latent profiles

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n6_38_t0004.png 이미지

Table 5. Mean comparisons across three latent classes

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n6_38_t0005.png 이미지

Table 6. Descriptive Statistics of three latent profiles representing school adaption and academic performance

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n6_38_t0006.png 이미지

Table 7. Multiple comparisons of the three latent profiles representing school adaption and academic performance

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n6_38_t0007.png 이미지

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