Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

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Factors Affecting Turnover Intention of General Hospital Nurses

종합병원 간호사의 이직의도 영향요인

  • Received : 2019.04.12
  • Accepted : 2019.07.05
  • Published : 2019.07.31
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to explore the predictors of turnover intention among nurses working in general hospitals. The subjects were 181 nurses who worked in two general hospitals in Gyeonggi-do, Korea. Data were collected from June to November 2018, and analyzed by descriptive statistics, Independent t-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and Stepwise multiple regression analysis, using SPSS/WIN 21.0. The main findings of this were as follows. The mean scores for the nursing work environment, professional self-concept, job satisfaction and turnover intention were $2.43{\pm}0.38$, $2.60{\pm}0.25$, $2.59{\pm}0.29$ and $3.43{\pm}0.72$ points. Turnover intention is negatively correlated with the nursing work environment (r=-.43, p<.001) and job satisfaction (r=-.46, p<.001). Factors influencing turnover intention were job satisfaction(${\beta}=-.47$, p<.001), nursing work environment(${\beta}=.32$, p<.001), professional self-concept(${\beta}=.20$, p<.001), and total length of a clinical career(${\beta}=-.15$, p<.05) showing an explanatory power of 38%. Since various variables influence the turnover intention of nurses, it is necessary to improve the nursing environment in the medical field rather than the strategy to increase the number of simple nurses. In the university, education for establishing through introductory nursing specialty is needed.

본 연구는 임상간호사의 간호업무환경, 전문직 자아개념, 직무만족과 이직의도의 관계를 파악하고, 이직의도에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하고자 실시되었다. 경기도 소재 400~500병상 규모의 2개 종합병원에 근무하는 간호사 200명을 연구대상으로 2018년 6월부터 11월까지 설문조사를 실시하였고, 총 181부를 최종 자료 분석에 사용하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS/WIN 21.0 프로그램을 이용하여 빈도와 기술통계, Independent t-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, 다중회기분석을 실시하였다. 간호업무환경은 평균 $2.43{\pm}0.38$점, 전문직 자아개념은 평균 $2.60{\pm}0.25$점, 직무만족은 평균 $2.59{\pm}0.29$점, 이직의도는 평균 $3.43{\pm}0.72$점으로 나타났다. 이직의도는 간호업무환경(r=-.43, p<.001), 직무만족(r=-.46, p<.001)과 부적 상관관계를 나타냈다. 이직의도에 영향을 미치는 변수는 직무만족(${\beta}=-.47$, p<.001), 간호업무환경(${\beta}=.32$, p<.001), 전문직 자아개념(${\beta}=.20$, p<.001), 임상경력(${\beta}=-.15$, p<.05)이었다. 전체 변인의 이직의도에 대한 총 설명력은 38%였다. 본 연구결과를 토대로 병원관리자는 간호사의 직무만족을 도모하고 업무환경 개선을 통해 간호사의 이직을 예방하고, 간호교육계는 간호대학생의 전문직 가치관과 태도 확립을 위한 다양한 교육과정 편성과 운영을 통하여 예비간호사의 전문직 자아개념을 확립시킬 필요가 있다.

Keywords

Table 1. General characteristics of participants

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Table 2. Descriptive statistic of variables

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n7_414_t0002.png 이미지

Table 3. Differences of nursing work environment, professional self-concept, job satisfaction, and turnover intention according to participants’ general characteristics

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n7_414_t0003.png 이미지

Table 4. Correlations among variables

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n7_414_t0004.png 이미지

Table 5. Factors influencing turnover intention of participants

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n7_414_t0005.png 이미지

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