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A Study on Improvement of Storage Safety through Quality improvement of Torpedo Propulsion Battery

어뢰 추진전지 품질개선을 통한 저장안정성 향상에 관한 연구

  • Received : 2019.04.17
  • Accepted : 2019.07.05
  • Published : 2019.07.31

Abstract

We describe the improvement of insulation performance and the prevention of electrolyte leakage in a single cell in order to prevent the fuming phenomenon caused by leakage of electrolyte in a lithium secondary battery in a submerged weapon (torpedo) operated in Korea. A torpedo using lithium secondary battery as a main power source (propulsion battery) can induce the heat and fuming phenomenon, which makes it inconvenient for naval equipment operation in Korea. In the simulation test, the electrolyte of some battery cells leaked in the battery pack unit, leading to a short circuit between the main power circuit and the terminal tab of the high voltage part. We analyzed the characteristics and mechanism of the lithium secondary battery during this heat generation and fuming phenomenon. In order to prevent leakage of the electrolyte in the lithium secondary battery, the design was improved via fundamental (terminal tap enhancement) and complementary (insulation block selection and installation) measures. Comparison of the performance test before and after the improvement showed that the tensile strength of the tap terminal was improved about 2 times and the withstand voltage characteristic was improved. The application of quality improvement measures resulted in no fuming even after more than 3 years of field operation. This result is expected to improve the operation and storage stability of the torpedo propulsion cell.

논문에서는 국내에서 운용되는 수중유도무기(어뢰) 중 추진전지(리튬이차전지)의 전해질 누액에 의한 발연현상을 방지하기 위하여 추진전지의 절연블록 추가를 통한 절연성능 강화 및 단전지 전해액 누액 방지 개선방법에 관해 기술하였다. 국내에서 리튬이차전지를 주전원공급원(추진전지)으로 사용하고 있는 어뢰에 발열 및 발연 현상이 발생하여 해군의 장비 운용에 불편함이 초래되었다. 발연현상에 대한 유의 항목 확인 및 모사시험 결과 전지팩 단위에서 일부 전지셀의 전해질이 누액되어 고전압부분의 주전원 회로와 단자탭간에 단락현상이 발생하여 해당 현상이 발생하였다. 발열 및 발연현상 시 리튬이차전지 특성 및 메커니즘 분석을 통하여 원인분석을 진행하였다. 리튬 이차전지의 전해질 누액 방지를 위해 근본적 개선책(단자 탭 강화)과 보완책(절연블록 선정 및 설치) 등 설계 개선을 수행하였고, 개선 전 후의 성능시험 비교 결과 탭 단자의 인장강도가 약 2배 향상, 내압 특성 또한 향상되었으며, 절연성능 강화로 어뢰의 추진전지 품질을 대폭 개선하였다. 또한 품질개선 방안이 적용되어 3년 이상 야전 운용 결과 이상발연 현상은 발생하지 않았다. 이로써 어뢰 추진전지의 운용 및 저장 안정성 기대된다.

Keywords

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Fig. 1. Structure of typical Torpdo and Role of propulsion battery

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Fig. 2. Configuration and Operation Principle of lithium Secondary Battery

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Fig. 3. Structure of Lithum Secandary battery

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Fig. 4. Flow chart for cause analysis

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Fig. 5. Type of Lithium battery cell

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Fig. 6. Pattern diagram of Battery cell

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Fig. 7. Battery cell foreign matter Short Circuit test

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Fig. 8. Battery cell heat result

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Fig. 9. Pattern diagram of Battery cell Short circuit test

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Fig. 10. Structure of Lithium battery

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Fig. 11. Structure of Lithum battery

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Fig. 12. Structure of Lithum battery

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Fig. 13. Structure of Lithum battery

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Fig. 14 Structure of Lithum battery

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Fig. 15 Structure of Lithum battery

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Fig. 16. Pattern diagram of Improvement battery pack

Table 1. Estimation cause factor classification

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Table 2. Comparison for test result

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Table 3. Comparison for test result

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Table 4. Improvement of the product design

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Table 5. Comparison for test result

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