Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
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Dose-Dependent Inhibition of Melanoma Differentiation-Associated Gene 5-Mediated Activation of Type I Interferon Responses by Methyltransferase of Hepatitis E Virus

  • Myoung, Jinjong (Korea Zoonosis Research Institute and Genetic Engineering Research Institute, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Min, Kang Sang (Korea Zoonosis Research Institute and Genetic Engineering Research Institute, Chonbuk National University)
  • Received : 2019.05.17
  • Accepted : 2019.06.10
  • Published : 2019.07.28
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Abstract

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) accounts for 20 million infections in humans worldwide. In most cases, the infections are self-limiting while HEV genotype 1 infection cases may lead to lethal infections in pregnant women (~ 20% fatality). The lack of small animal models has hampered detailed analysis of virus-host interactions and HEV-induced pathology. Here, by employing a recently developed culture-adapted HEV, we demonstrated that methyltransferase, a non-structural protein, strongly inhibits melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5)-mediated activation of type I interferon responses. Compared to uninfected controls, HEV-infected cells display significantly lower levels of $IFN-{\beta}$ promoter activation when assessed by luciferase assay and RT-PCR. HEV genome-wide screening showed that HEV-encoded methyltransferase (MeT) strongly inhibits MDA5-mediated transcriptional activation of $IFN-{\beta}$ and $NF-{\kappa}B$ in a dose-responsive manner whether or not it is expressed in the presence/absence of a tag fused to it. Taken together, current studies clearly demonstrated that HEV MeT is a novel antagonist of MDA5-mediated induction of $IFN-{\beta}$ signaling.

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