Korean Journal of Radiology

The Korean Society of Radiology (대한영상의학회)
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Evaluation of Renal Pathophysiological Processes Induced by an Iodinated Contrast Agent in a Diabetic Rabbit Model Using Intravoxel Incoherent Motion and Blood Oxygenation Level-Dependent Magnetic Resonance Imaging

  • Yongfang Wang (Department of Radiology, First Hospital of China Medical University) ;
  • Xin Zhang (Department of Radiology, First Hospital of China Medical University) ;
  • Bin Wang (Department of Radiology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University) ;
  • Yang Xie (Department of Radiology, First Hospital of China Medical University) ;
  • Yi Wang (Department of Radiology, The Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong Province) ;
  • Xuan Jiang (Cardiac Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University) ;
  • Rongjia Wang (Department of Radiology, First Hospital of China Medical University) ;
  • Ke Ren (Department of Radiology, First Hospital of China Medical University)
  • Received : 2018.10.29
  • Accepted : 2019.01.03
  • Published : 2019.05.01
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Abstract

Objective: To examine the potential of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) and blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) magnetic resonance imaging for detecting renal changes after iodinated contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) development in a diabetic rabbit model. Materials and Methods: Sixty-two rabbits were randomized into 2 groups: diabetic rabbits with the contrast agent (DCA) and healthy rabbits with the contrast agent (NCA). In each group, 6 rabbits underwent IVIM and BOLD imaging at 1 hour, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, and 4 days after an iohexol injection while 5 rabbits were selected to undergo blood and histological examinations at these specific time points. Iohexol was administrated at a dose of 2.5 g I/kg of body weight. Further, the apparent transverse relaxation rate (R2*), average pure molecular diffusion coefficient (D), pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D*), perfusion fraction (f) were calculated. Results: The D and f values of the renal cortex (CO) and outer medulla (OM) were significantly decreased compared to baseline values in the 2 groups 1 day after the iohexol injection (p < 0.05). A marked reduction in the D* values for both the CO and OM was also observed after 1 hour in each group (p < 0.05). In the OM, a persistent elevation of the R2* was detected for 4 days in the DCA group (p < 0.05). Histopathological changes were prominent, and the pathological features of CI-AKI aggravated in the DCA group until day 4. The D, f, and R2* values significantly correlated with the histological damage scores, hypoxia-inducible transcription factor-1α expression scores, and serum creatinine levels. Conclusion: A combination of IVIM and BOLD imaging may serve as a noninvasive method for detecting and monitoring CI-AKI in the early stages in the diabetic kidney.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The authors thank GuiboYu for technical assistance (Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Interventional Radiology of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning, China).

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