DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of pulse-like nature of forward directivity ground motions on the seismic behavior of steel moment frames

  • Received : 2018.12.26
  • Accepted : 2019.04.10
  • Published : 2019.07.25

Abstract

In the structures with high level of ductility, the earthquake energy dissipation in structural components is an important factor that describes their seismic behavior. Since the connection details play a major role in the ductile behavior of structure, in this paper, the seismic response of 3-, 5- and 8-story steel special moment frames (SMFs) is investigated by considering the effects of panel zone modeling and the influence of forward-directivity near-field ground motions. To provide a reasonable comparison, selected records of both near and far-field are used in the nonlinear time-history analysis of models. The results of the comparison of the median maximum inter-story drift under excitation by near-field (NF) records and the far-field (FF) ground motions show that the inter-story drift demands can be obtained 3.47, 4.86 and 5.92 times in 3-, 5- and 8-story structures, respectively, undergoing near-field earthquakes.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)

References

  1. Alavi, B. and Krawinkler, H. (2004), "Behavior of momentresisting frame structures subjected to near-fault ground motions", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 33(6), 687-706. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.369.
  2. Ansari, M., Ansari, M. and Safiey, A. (2018), "Evaluation of seismic performance of mid-rise reinforced concrete frames subjected to far-field and near-field ground motions", Earthq. Struct., 15(5), 453-462. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2018.15.5.453.
  3. Ashrafi, H.R., Amiri, A.M., Dadgar, S. and Beiranvand, P. (2016). "Studying the effects of earthquakes near and far fault region on seismic behavior of dual frame equipped with viscous damper", Proceedings of the Vibroengineering Procedia, 23-28.
  4. Beiraghi, H., Kheyroddin, A. and Kafi, M.A. (2016), "Forward directivity near-fault and far-fault ground motion effects on the behavior of reinforced concrete wall tall buildings with one and more plastic hinges", Struct. Des. Tall Spec. Build., 25(11), 519-539. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.1270.
  5. Beyen, K. and Tanircan, G. (2015), "Strong ground motion characteristics of the 2011 Van Earthquake of Turkey: Implications of seismological aspects on engineering parameters", Earthq. Struct., 8(6), 1363-1386. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/eas.2015.8.6.1363.
  6. BHRC (2014). Iranian Code of Practice for Seismic Resistant Design of Buildings, Standard 2800, 4th Edition. (in Persian)
  7. Bray, J.D. and Rodriguez-Marek, A. (2004), "Characterization of forward-directivity ground motions in the near-fault region", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 24(11), 815-828. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2004.05.001.
  8. Champion, C. and Liel, A. (2012), "The effect of near-fault directivity on building seismic collapse risk", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 41(10), 1391-1409. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.1188.
  9. Decanini, L., Mollaioli, F. and Saragoni, R. (2000), "Energy and displacement demands imposed by near-source ground motions", Proceedings of the 12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering.
  10. Dimakopoulou, V., Fragiadakis, M. and Spyrakos, C. (2013), "Influence of modeling parameters on the response of degrading systems to near-field ground motions", Eng. Struct., 53, 10-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2013.03.008.
  11. Esfahanian, A. and Aghakouchak, A.A. (2015), "On the improvement of inelastic displacement demands for near-fault ground motions considering various faulting mechanisms", Earthq. Struct., 9(3), 673-698. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2015.9.3.673.
  12. Eskandari, R., Vafaei, D., Vafaei, J. and Shemshadian, M.E. (2017), "Nonlinear static and dynamic behavior of reinforced concrete steel-braced frames", Earthq. Struct., 12(2), 191-200. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2017.12.2.191.
  13. Etemadi Mashhadi, M.R. (2015), "Development of fragility curves for seismic assessment of steel structures with consideration of soil-structure interaction", M.Sc. Thesis, University of Birjand, Iran.
  14. Farzampour, A. (2019), "Evaluating shear links for use in seismic structural fuses", Doctoral Dissertation, Virginia Tech, United States.
  15. Farzampour, A. and Kamali-Asl, A. (2015), "Seismic hazard assessment for two cities in Eastern Iran", Earthq. Struct., 8(3), 681-697. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2015.8.3.681.
  16. Farzampour, A. and Kamali Asl, A. (2014). "On seismic hazard analysis of the two vulnerable regions in Iran: deterministic and probabilistic approaches", Proceedings of the 2014 NZSEE Conference, New Zealand, New Zealand.
  17. Gerami, M. and Abdollahzadeh, D. (2015), "Vulnerability of steel moment-resisting frames under effects of forward directivity", Struct. Des. Tall Spec. Build., 24(2), 97-122. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.1156.
  18. Gillie, J.L., Rodriguez-Marek, A. and McDaniel, C. (2010), "Strength reduction factors for near-fault forward-directivity ground motions", Eng. Struct., 32(1), 273-285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.09.014.
  19. Gupta, A. and Krawinkler, H. (1999), "Seismic demands for performance evaluation of steel moment resisting frame structures", Report No. 132, The John A. Blume Earthquake Engineering Research Center, Stanford University, USA.
  20. Kalkan, E. and Kunnath, S.K. (2006), "Effects of fling step and forward directivity on seismic response of buildings", Earthq. Spectra, 22(2), 367-390. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.2192560.
  21. Khorami, M., Khorami, M., Alvansazyazdi, M., Shariati, M., Zandi, Y., Jalali, A. and Tahir, M.M. (2017), "Seismic performance evaluation of buckling restrained braced frames (BRBF) using incremental nonlinear dynamic analysis method (IDA)", Earthq. Struct., 13(6), 531-538. https://doi.org/10.12989/EAS.2017.13.6.531
  22. Khoshnoudian, F. and Ahmadi, E. (2013), "Effects of pulse period of near-field ground motions on the seismic demands of soil-MDOF structure systems using mathematical pulse models", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 42(11), 1565-1582. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2287.
  23. Landolfo, R., Mazzolani, F., Dubina, D., da Silva, L.S. and D'Aniello, M. (2017), Design of Steel Structures for Buildings in Seismic Areas, 1st Edition, Ernst & Sohn, Portugal.
  24. Lignos, D.G. and Krawinkler, H. (2009), "Sidesway collapse of deteriorating structural systems under seismic excitations", Report No. TB 172, The John A. Blume Earthquake Engineering Research Center, Stanford University, USA.
  25. Mansouri, I., Safa, M., Ibrahim, Z., Kisi, O., Tahir, M.M., Baharom, S. and Azimi, M. (2016), "Strength prediction of rotary brace damper using MLR and MARS", Struct. Eng. Mech., 60(3), 471-488. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2016.60.3.471.
  26. Mirzai, N.M., Attarnejad, R. and Hu, J.W. (2018), "Enhancing the seismic performance of EBFs with vertical shear link using a new self-centering damper", Ing. Sismica, 35(4), 57-76.
  27. Moniri, H. (2017), "Evaluation of seismic performance of reinforced concrete (RC) buildings under near-field earthquakes", Int. J. Adv. Struct. Eng., 9(1), 13-25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40091-016-0145-6.
  28. Mortezaei, A. and Ronagh, H.R. (2013), "Plastic hinge length of reinforced concrete columns subjected to both far-fault and near-fault ground motions having forward directivity", Struct. Des. Tall Spec. Build., 22(12), 903-926. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.729.
  29. Nastri, E., Montuori, R. and Piluso, V. (2015), "Seismic design of MRF-EBF dual systems with vertical links: EC8 vs plastic design", J. Earthq. Eng., 19(3), 480-504. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2014.978917.
  30. Nastri, E., Vergato, M. and Latour, M. (2017), "Performance evaluation of a seismic retrofitted R.C. precast industrial building", Earthq. Struct., 12(1), 13-21. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2017.12.1.013
  31. Nicknam, A., Barkhodari, M.A., Jamnani, H.H. and Hosseini, A. (2013), "Compatible seismogram simulation at near source site using Multi-Taper Spectral Analysis approach (MTSA)", J. Vib., 15(2), 626-638. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2017.12.1.013.
  32. Ohtori, Y., Christenson, R.E., Spencer Jr, B.F. and Dyke, S.J. (2004), "Benchmark control problems for seismically excited nonlinear buildings", J. Eng. Mech., 130(4), 366-385. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(2004)130:4(366).
  33. PEER/ATC-72-1 (2010), Modeling and Acceptance Criteria for Seismic Design and Analysis of Tall Buildings, Applied Technology Council, Redwood City, California.
  34. Rahgozar, N., Moghadam, A.S. and Aziminejad, A. (2017), "Response of self-centering braced frame to near-field pulselike ground motions", Struct. Eng. Mech., 62(4), 497-506. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2017.62.4.497.
  35. Seo, J., Duenas-Osorio, L., Craig, J.I. and Goodno, B.J. (2012), "Metamodel-based regional vulnerability estimate of irregular steel moment-frame structures subjected to earthquake events", Eng. Struct., 45, 585-597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.07.003.
  36. Seo, J. and Hu, J.W. (2016), "Seismic response and performance evaluation of self-centering LRB isolators installed on the CBF building under NF ground motions", Sustain. (Switzerland), 8(2), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8020109.
  37. Seo, J., Hu, J.W. and Davaajamts, B. (2015a), "Seismic performance evaluation of multistory reinforced concrete moment resisting frame structure with shear walls", Sustain. (Switzerland), 7(10), 14287-14308. https://doi.org/10.3390/su71014287.
  38. Seo, J., Kim, Y.C. and Hu, J.W. (2015b), "Pilot study for investigating the cyclic behavior of slit damper systems with recentering shape memory alloy (SMA) bending bars used for seismic restrainers", Appl. Sci. (Switzerland), 5(3), 187-208. https://doi.org/10.3390/app5030187.
  39. Seo, J. and Shukla, R. (2016). "Joint seismic and scour fragility assessment of a steel building incorporating soil-structure interaction", Proceedings of the Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Congress 2016-Proceedings of the Joint Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Congress 2016, 1941-1951.
  40. Shahbazi, S., Khatibinia, M., Mansouri, I. and Hu, J.W. (2018a), "Seismic evaluation of special steel moment frames undergoing near-field earthquakes with forward directivity by considering soil-structure interaction effects", Sci. Iranica. https://doi.org/10.24200/SCI.2018.50241.1594 . (in Press)
  41. Shahbazi, S., Mansouri, I., Hu, J.W. and Karami, A. (2018b), "Effect of soil classification on seismic behavior of SMFs considering soil-structure interaction and near-field earthquakes", Shock Vib., 2018, Article ID 4193469, 17. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4193469.
  42. Shahbazi, S., Mansouri, I., Hu, J.W., Sam Daliri, N. and Karami, A. (2019), "Seismic response of steel SMFs subjected to vertical components of far- and near-field earthquakes with forward directivity effects", Adv. Civ. Eng., 2019, Article ID 2647387, 15. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2647387.
  43. Singh, J.P. (1985), "Earthquake ground motions: Implications for designing structures and reconciling structural damage", Earthq. Spectra, 1(2), 239-270. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.1585264.
  44. Tajammolian, H., Khoshnoudian, F. and Bokaeian, V. (2016), "Seismic responses of asymmetric steel structures isolated with the TCFP subjected to mathematical near-fault pulse models", Smart Struct. Syst., 18(5), 931-953. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sss.2016.18.5.931.
  45. Tajammolian, H., Khoshnoudian, F., Talaei, S. and Loghman, V. (2014), "The effects of peak ground velocity of near-field ground motions on the seismic responses of base-isolated structures mounted on friction bearings", Earthq. Struct., 7(6), 1259-1281. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/eas.2014.7.6.1259.
  46. Veismoradi, S. and Darvishan, E. (2018), "Probabilistic seismic assessment of mega buckling-restrained braced frames under near-fault ground motions", Earthq. Struct., 15(5), 487-498. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2018.15.5.487.
  47. Yazdani, Y. and Alembagheri, M. (2017), "Nonlinear seismic response of a gravity dam under near-fault ground motions and equivalent pulses", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 92, 621-632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2016.11.003.
  48. Yin, S., Li, Y., Sandberg, M. and Lam, K. (2017), "The effect of building spacing on near-field temporal evolution of triple building plumes", Build. Environ., 122, 35-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2017.05.030.
  49. Zeynali, K., Saeed Monir, H., Mirzai, N.M. and Hu, J.W. (2018), "Experimental and numerical investigation of lead-rubber dampers in chevron concentrically braced frames", Arch. Civil Mech. Eng., 18(1), 162-178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acme.2017.06.004.
  50. Zhao, D., Liu, Y. and Li, H. (2017), "Self-tuning fuzzy control for seismic protection of smart base-isolated buildings subjected to pulse-type near-fault earthquakes", Appl. Sci. (Switzerland), 7(2), 185. https://doi.org/10.3390/app7020185.

Cited by

  1. A Study on the Effects of Vertical Mass Irregularity on Seismic Behavior of BRBFs and CBFs vol.10, pp.23, 2019, https://doi.org/10.3390/app10238314