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Characteristics Analysis of Snow Particle Size Distribution in Gangwon Region according to Topography

지형에 따른 강원지역의 강설입자 크기 분포 특성 분석

  • Bang, Wonbae (Center for Atmospheric REmote sensing, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kim, Kwonil (Department of Astronomy and Atmospheric Sciences, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Yeom, Daejin (Department of Astronomy and Atmospheric Sciences, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Cho, Su-jeong (Numerical Data Application Division, Numerical Modeling Center, Korea Meteorological Administration) ;
  • Lee, Choeng-lyong (Center for Atmospheric REmote sensing, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lee, Daehyung (Department of Astronomy and Atmospheric Sciences, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Ye, Bo-Young (Center for Atmospheric REmote sensing, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lee, GyuWon (Center for Atmospheric REmote sensing, Kyungpook National University)
  • 방원배 (경북대학교 대기원격탐사연구소) ;
  • 김권일 (경북대학교 천문대기과학과) ;
  • 염대진 (경북대학교 천문대기과학과) ;
  • 조수정 (기상청 수치모델링센터 수치자료응용과) ;
  • 이청룡 (경북대학교 대기원격탐사연구소) ;
  • 이대형 (경북대학교 천문대기과학과) ;
  • 예보영 (경북대학교 대기원격탐사연구소) ;
  • 이규원 (경북대학교 대기원격탐사연구소)
  • Received : 2019.05.13
  • Accepted : 2019.06.20
  • Published : 2019.06.30

Abstract

Heavy snowfall events frequently occur in the Gangwon province, and the snowfall amount significantly varies in space due to the complex terrain and topographical modulation of precipitation. Understanding the spatial characteristics of heavy snowfall and its prediction is particularly challenging during snowfall events in the easterly winds. The easterly wind produces a significantly different atmospheric condition. Hence, it brings different precipitation characteristics. In this study, we have investigated the microphysical characteristics of snowfall in the windward and leeward sides of the Taebaek mountain range in the easterly condition. The two snowfall events are selected in the easterly, and the snow particles size distributions (SSD) are observed in the four sites (two windward and two leeward sites) by the PARSIVEL distrometers. We compared the characteristic parameters of SSDs that come from leeward sites to that of windward sites. The results show that SSDs of windward sites have a relatively wide distribution with many small snow particles compared to those of leeward sites. This characteristic is clearly shown by the larger characteristic number concentration and characteristic diameter in the windward sites. Snowfall rate and ice water content of windward also are larger than those of leeward sites. The results indicate that a new generation of snowfall particles is dominant in the windward sites which is likely due to the orographic lifting. In addition, the windward sites show heavy aggregation particles by nearby zero ground temperature that is likely driven by the wet and warm condition near the ocean.

강원지역은 우리나라의 다설지로서 복잡한 지형 때문에 강설량의 공간변동성이 크다. 특히 동풍조건에서 강설이 발생할 시 강설량의 공간적 변동을 예측하기 어렵다. 동풍조건에서는 강원지역 내 위치에 따라 대기환경조건이 다르며 이는 강설의 특성에도 영향을 줄 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 동풍 조건에서 태백산맥의 풍상측과 풍하측에서 강설의 미세물리적 특성을 서로 비교 분석하였다. 강원지역 내 4개 관측지점을 선정하여 파시벨 수적계로 입자크기분포를 관측하였다. 얻어진 강설입자 크기 분포의 특성을 풍상측과 풍하측간 비교한 결과, 풍상측의 강설입자 크기 분포는 풍하측에 비해 넓은 분포를 가졌고 작은 강설입자의 수도 많았다. 강설입자의 수농도에 비례하는 보편특성수농도와 강설입자의 직경에 비례하는 보편특성직경 둘 다 풍상측에서 상대적으로 큰 값을 보였다. 또한, 얼음수함량과 강설강도 비교에서도 풍상측 지점에서 큰 평균값을 가졌다. 이 결과가 나타난 원인은 태백산맥 산사면에서 공기덩어리의 강제적 상승효과로 풍상측 지점 상공에 새로운 강설입자의 생성이 활발했기 때문으로 추정된다. 또한, 풍상측은 따뜻하고 습한 동풍이 불어오므로 이로 인해 지상기온이 $0^{\circ}C$ 근처에 머무르며 강한 부착과정이 일어나기 좋은 조건이다.

Keywords

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