Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science (한국초지조사료학회지)

The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science (한국초지조사료학회)
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Feeding Effects of Whole Crop Rice based TMR on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Hanwoo Steers

사료용 벼 위주 TMR 급여가 거세 한우의 생장 능력 및 도체 특성에 미치는 영향

  • Kim, Jong Geun (Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, SNU) ;
  • Zhao, Guoqiang (Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, SNU) ;
  • Liu, Chang (Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, SNU) ;
  • Nan, Wei Sheng (Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, SNU) ;
  • Kim, Hak Jin (Research Institute of Eco-friendly Livestock Science, GBST, SNU) ;
  • Kim, Kyoung Hoon (Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, SNU) ;
  • Ahn, Eok Geun (National Institute of Crop Science) ;
  • Min, Hyung-Gyu (Sancheong Agricultural Development & Technology Center)
  • 김종근 (서울대학교 국제농업기술대학원) ;
  • ;
  • ;
  • ;
  • 김학진 (서울대학교 그린바이오과학기술연구원) ;
  • 김경훈 (서울대학교 국제농업기술대학원) ;
  • 안억근 (국립식량과학원) ;
  • 민형규 (산청군농업기술센터)
  • Received : 2019.06.13
  • Accepted : 2019.06.17
  • Published : 2019.06.30
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Abstract

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of whole crop rice (WCR) based TMR on growth performance and carcass characteristics of Hanwoo steers. WCR "Yeongwoo"was harvested at yellow ripen stage and ensiled for 60 days. The crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and total digestible nutrient (TDN) content was 8.4 %, 28.0 %, 53.8 %, 72.4 % and 66.8 %, respectively. For silage quality, pH was 4.37 and lactic and butyric acid content were 2.84 and 0.04 % in DM. Sixteen Hanwoo steers (8-mon-old) were allocated into either a control (commercial TMR) and WCR-TMR (WCR-based TMR) group. The TMR were fed according to the feeding stage phase: growing (Initiate~14 month), early fattening (15 month~21 month) and late fattening (22 month~30 month). The body weight of control group increased (P<0.05) until early fattening stage, but late growing stage of WCR-TMR group was higher than that of control (P<0.05). Average daily gain (ADG) was significantly greater (P<0.05) in WCR-TMR group (total 0.78 kg/head) compared to control (total 0.66 kg/head) except for late fattening stage. The marketing weight and carcass weight were higher in WCR-TMR group (726 vs 765 kg; 417.8 vs 450.4 kg). The back fat thickness (11.75 vs 13.00 mm), Longissimus dorsi area (88.00 vs $89.88cm^2$) and yield index (65.87 vs 64.30) were not different between the two groups (P>0.05) and also no difference in meat yield grade (A : B : C = 2 : 4 : 2). Marbling score (4.00 vs 4.13), meat color (4.75 vs 4.75), fat color (3.13 vs 2.88), texture (1.25 vs 1.50) and maturity (2.00 vs 2.00) were not significant difference between the two groups and meat quality grade ($1^{{+}{+}}:1^+:1:2:3=0:2:4:2:0$) was also not different. In conclusion, TMR feeding based on WCR silage showed superiority in carcass yield and ADG compared to control TMR. It is considered that the use of WCR for feed is a necessary option for the substitution of the imported forages and the government's policy for rice production adjustment.

본 시험은 사료용 벼 위주 TMR 사료의 급여가 가축 생산성과 도체 특성에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여 수행하였다. 국립식량과학원에서 육성한 "영우" 품종을 황숙기에 수확하고 60일동안 저장하면서 사일리지 발효를 시켰다. 조단백질, ADF, NDF, IVDMD, TDN 및 RFV 함량은 각각 8.4 %, 28.0 %, 53.8 %, 72.4 %, 66.8 % 및 116이었다. 사일리지 품질에서 pH는 4.37이었고 젖산 함량은 DM에서 2.84 % 이었으며, 낙산함량(0.04 %)이 낮아 Clostridia에 의한 불량발효가 억제되었다. 총 16두의 거세한우(평균 8개월령)를 대조군(시중 판매 TMR 사료 급여군)과 WCR-TMR 급여군(사료용 벼 위주 TMR 사료 급여군)으로 나누고 30개월까지 사양시험을 수행하였다. WCR-TMR 급여군의 성장단계별 사료에는 사료용 벼 사일리지가 13~15% 정도 배합되었다. TMR 사료의 급여는 육성기(개시 ~ 14 개월), 비육 전기(15 개월 ~ 21 개월) 및 비육 후기(22 개월 ~ 30 개월)로 나누어 급여하였다. 체중에 있어서 대조군은 비육전기까지 높았지만 비육 후기 이후에는 WCR-TMR 급여군에서 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). 일당증체량은 WCR-TMR 급여군이 비육 후기를 제외하고 매 생육단계에서 대조군에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(0.66 vs 0.78 kg/두/일). 고기 특성에 있어서 출하체중과 도체중은 WCR-TMR 급여구에서 높게 나타났으나 등지방두께(11.75 vs 13.00 mm), 등심단면적(88.00 vs $89.88cm^2$) 및 육량지수(65.87 vs 64.30)에서는 두 그룹 간에 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 육량등급도 차이가 나타나지 않았다(A : B : C = 2 : 4 : 2). 한편 육질의 특성에서 근내 지방도(4.00 vs 4.13), 육색(4.75 vs 4.75), 지방색(3.13 vs 2.88), 조직감(1.25 vs 1.50) 및 성숙도(2.00 vs 2.00)는 두 그룹간에 유의적인 차이는 없었다(P>0.05). 육질등급에서도 두 그룹 모두 $1^{{+}{+}}:1^+:1:2:3=0:2:4:2:0$로 나타났다. 평균 출하가격은 WCR-TMR 급여군에서 높게 나타났으며 평균 두당 353,550원이 더 높았다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 사료용 벼 위주 TMR의 급여는 가축 생산성 측면에서 도체중과 일당증체에서 기존의 TMR 보다 우수하였다. 따라서 사료용 벼의 이용은 수입 조사료 대체와 정부의 쌀 생산 조정정책에 꼭 필요한 선택이라고 판단된다.

Keywords

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