Structural Engineering and Mechanics

  • 제70권6호
  • /
  • Pages.703-710
  • /
  • 2019
  • /
  • 1225-4568(pISSN)
  • /
  • 1598-6217(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Efficient parameters to predict the nonlinear behavior of FRP retrofitted RC columns

  • Mahdavi, Navideh (Department of Civil Engineering, Marand Branch, Islamic Azad University) ;
  • Ahmadi, Hamid Reza (Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Maragheh) ;
  • Bayat, Mahmoud (Department of Civil Engineering, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University)
  • 투고 : 2019.02.28
  • 심사 : 2019.03.30
  • 발행 : 2019.06.25
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

While fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP) materials have been largely used in the retrofitting of concrete buildings, its application has been limited because of some problems such as de-bonding of FRP layers from the concrete surface. This paper is the part of a wide experimental and analytical investigation about flexural retrofitting of reinforced concrete (RC) columns using FRP and mechanical fasteners (MF). A new generation of MF is proposed, which is applicable for retrofitting of RC columns. Furthermore, generally, to evaluate a retrofitted structure the nonlinear static and dynamic analyses are the most accurate methods to estimate the performance of a structure. In the nonlinear analysis of a structure, accurate modeling of structural elements is necessary for estimation the reasonable results. So for nonlinear analysis of a structure, modeling parameters for beams, columns, and beam-column joints are essential. According to the concentrated hinge method, which is one of the most popular nonlinear modeling methods, structural members shall be modeled using concentrated or distributed plastic hinge models using modeling parameters. The nonlinear models of members should be capable of representing the inelastic response of the component. On the other hand, in performance based design to make a decision about a structure or design a new one, numerical acceptance should be determined. Modeling parameters and numerical acceptance criteria are different for buildings of different types and for different performance levels. In this paper, a new method was proposed for FRP retrofitted columns to avoid FRP debonding. For this purpose, mechanical fasteners were used to achieve the composite behavior of FRP and concrete columns. The experimental results showed that the use of the new method proposed in this paper increased the flexural strength and lateral load capacity of the columns significantly, and a good composition of FRP and RC column was achieved. Moreover, the modeling parameters and acceptance criteria were presented, which were derived from the experimental study in order to use in nonlinear analysis and performance-based design approach.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Abedini, M., Khlaghi, E.A., Mehrmashhadi, J., Mussa, M.H., Ansari, M. and Momeni, T. (2017), "Evaluation of concrete structures reinforced with fiber reinforced polymers bars: A review", J. Asian Sci. Res., 7(5), 165-175.
  2. Ahmadi, H.R., Namdari, N., Cao, M. and Bayat, M. (2019), "Seismic investigation of pushover methods for concrete piers of curved bridges in plan", Comput. Concrete, 23(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.12989/CAC.2019.23.1.001
  3. Ahmadi, H.R. and Daneshjoo, F. (2012), "A harmonic vibration, output only and time-frequency representation based method for damage detection in Concrete piers of complex bridges", J. Civil Struct. Eng., 2(3), 987-1002.
  4. ASCE/SEI 41-06 (2007), Seismic rehabilitation of existing buildings, American Society of Civil Engineers, Virginia, USA.
  5. ASCE/SEI 41-13, (2014), Seismic evaluation and retrofit of existing buildings; Standards, American Society of Civil Engineers, Virginia, USA.
  6. ATC-40 (1996), Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Concrete Buildings, Applied Technology Council, Redwood City, CA, USA.
  7. Bank, L.C. and Arora, D. (2007), "Analysis of RC beams strengthened with mechanically fastened FRP (MF-FRP) strips", Compos. Struct., 79(2), 180-191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2005.12.001.
  8. Bayat, M., Bayat, M. and Pakar, I. (2018), "Nonlinear vibration of oscillatory systems using semi-analytical approach", Struct. Eng. Mech., 65(4), 409-413. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2018.65.4.409.
  9. Berry, M.P. and Eberhard, M.O. (2007), Performance modeling strategies for modern reinforced concrete bridge columns, PEER Report 2007/07, Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA.
  10. Bonacci, J.F. and Maalej, M. (2001), "Behavioral trends of RC beams strengthened with externally bonded FRP", J. Compos. Construct., 5(2), 102-113. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2001)5:2(102)
  11. BSSC (2001), NEHRP recommended provisions for seismic regulations for new buildings and other structures, prepared by Building Seismic Safety Council for the Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington, DC. USA.
  12. Buyukozturk, O., Gunes, O. and Karaca, E. (2004), "Progress on understanding debonding problems in reinforced concrete and steel members strengthened using FRP composites", Construct. Build. Mater., 18(1), 9-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-0618(03)00094-1.
  13. Chen, C., Sui, L., Xing, F., Li, D., Zhou, Y. and Li, P. (2018), "Predicting bond behavior of HB FRP strengthened concrete structures subjected to different confining effects", Compos. Struct., 187, 212-225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2017.12.036.
  14. Deng, J., Liu, A., Huang, P. and Zheng, X. (2016), "Interfacial mechanical behaviors of RC beams strengthened with FRP", Struct. Eng. Mech., 58(3), 577-596. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2016.58.3.577.
  15. Ekenel, M., Rizzo, A., Myers, J. J. and Nanni, A. (2006), "Flexural fatigue behavior of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with FRP fabric and precured laminate systems", J. Compos. Construct., 10(5), 433-442. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2006)10:5(433)
  16. Elwood, K.J. and Eberhard, M.O. (2009), "Effective Stiffness of Reinforced Concrete Columns", ACI Struct. J., 106(4), 476-484.
  17. Elwood, K.J., Matamoros, A.B., Wallace, J.W., Lehman, D.E., Heintz, J.A., Mitchell, A. D., Moore, M.A., Valley, M.T., Lowes, L.N., Comartin, C.D. and Moehle, J.P. (2007), "Update to ASCE/SEI 41 concrete provisions", Earthq. Spectra, 23(3), 493-523. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.2757714.
  18. FEMA 273 (1997), NEHRP Guidelines for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington, DC, USA.
  19. FEMA 356, (2000), Prestandard and Commentary for the Seismic Rehabilitation of Buildings, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Washington, DC, USA.
  20. Gamino, A.L., Bittencourt, T.N. and de Oliveira e Sousa, J.L. (2009), "Finite element computational modeling of externally bonded CFRP composites flexural behavior in RC beams", Comput. Concrete, 6(3), 187-202. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2009.6.3.187
  21. Ghodrati Amiri, G., Hamidi Jamnani, H. and Ahmadi, H.R. (2009), "The effect of analysis methods on the response of steel dualsystem frame buildings for seismic retrofitting", J. Eng., 22(4), 317-331.
  22. Hoque, N. and Jumaat, M.Z. (2018), "Debonding failure analysis of prestressed FRP strengthened RC beams", Struct. Eng. Mech., 66(4), 543-555. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2018.66.4.543.
  23. Hosen, M.A., Jumaat, M.Z., Islam, A.B.M.S., Kamruzzaman, M., Huda, M.N. and Soeb, M.R. (2015), "Eliminating concrete cover separation of NSM strengthened beam by CFRP end anchorage", Struct. Eng. Mech., 56(6), 899-916. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2015.56.6.899.
  24. Jiao, P., Soleimani, S., Xu, Q., Cai, L. and Wang, Y. (2017), "Effect of curing conditions on mode-II debonding between FRP and concrete: A prediction model", Comput. Concrete, 20(6), 635-643. https://doi.org/10.12989/CAC.2017.20.6.635
  25. Jumaat, M.Z. and Alam, M.A. (2010), "Experimental and numerical analysis of end anchored steel plate and CFRP laminate flexurally strengthened reinforced concrete (rc) beams", J. Phys. Sci., 5(2), 132-144.
  26. Khatibinia, M. and Mohammadizade, M.R. (2017), "Intelligent fuzzy inference system approach for modeling of debonding strength in FRP retrofitted masonry elements", Struct. Eng. Mech., 61(2), 283-293. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2017.61.2.000.
  27. Kim, H.J., Yi, N.H., Kim, S.B., Nam, J.W., Ha, J.H. and Kim, J. H.J. (2011), "Debonding failure analysis of FRP-retrofitted concrete panel under blast loading", Struct. Eng. Mech., 38(4), 479-501. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2011.38.4.479
  28. Lamanna, A.J., Bank, L.C. and Scott, D.W. (2004), "Flexural strengthening of reinforced concrete beams by mechanically attaching fiber-reinforced polymer strips", J. Compos. Construct., 8(3), 203-210. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2004)8:3(203)
  29. Mahdavi, N., Ahmadi, H.R. and Mahdavi, H. (2012), "A comparative study on conventional push-over analysis method and incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) approach", Sci. Res. Essays, 7(7), 751-773.
  30. Martin, J.A. and Lamanna, A.J. (2008), "Performance of mechanically fastened FRP strengthened concrete beams in flexure", J. Compos. Construct., 12(3), 257-265. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2008)12:3(257)
  31. Nicknam, A., Ahmadi, H.R. and Mahdavi, N. (2008), "A comparative study of the traditional performance and The Incremental Dynamic Analysis approaches (IDA)", Proceedings of the 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Beijing, China. October.
  32. Napoli, A., Matta, F., Martinelli, E., Nanni, A. and Realfonzo, R. (2010), "Modelling and verification of response of RC slabs strengthened in flexure with mechanically fastened FRP laminates", Mag. Concrete Res., 62(8), 593-605. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.2010.62.8.593.
  33. Mohseni, H. and Ng, C. (2017), "Rayleigh wave for detecting debonding in FRP-retrofitted concrete structures using piezoelectric transducers", Comput. Concrete, 20(5), 583-593. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2017.20.5.583.
  34. Nojavan, A., Schultz, A E., Chao, S.H. and Haselton, C.B. (2017), "Influence of cross-sectional size on seismic performance of reinforced concrete columns", ACI Struct. J., 114(2), 311-321. https://doi.org/10.14359/51689247
  35. Pakar, I., Bayat, M. and Bayat, M. (2014), "Nonlinear vibration of thin circular sector cylinder: An analytical approach", Steel Compos. Struct., 17(1), 133-143. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2014.17.1.133
  36. Panagiotakos, T.B. and Fardis, M.N. (2001), "Deformations of reinforced concrete members at yielding and ultimate", Struct. J., 98(2), 135-148.
  37. Priestley, M.J.N. (2000), "Performance based seismic design", 12th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Auckland, New Zealand, January.
  38. Rizzo, A., Galati, N., Nanni, A. and Bank, L.C. (2005), "Strengthening concrete structures with mechanically fastened pultruded strips", Proceedings of the Composites, Columbus, OH, USA, September.
  39. Saribiyik, A. and Caglar, N. (2016), "Flexural strengthening of RC beams with low-strength concrete using GFRP and CFRP", Struct. Eng. Mech., 58(5), 825-845. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2016.58.5.825
  40. Xu, T., Zhang, Y., Liang, Z.Z., Tang, C.A. and Zhao, J. (2011), "Parallel computation for debonding process of externally FRP plated concrete", Struct. Eng. Mech., 38(6), 803. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2011.38.6.803

피인용 문헌

  1. Dynamic vulnerability assessment and damage prediction of RC columns subjected to severe impulsive loading vol.77, pp.4, 2021, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2021.77.4.441
  2. Axial strengthening of RC columns by direct fastening of steel plates vol.77, pp.6, 2019, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2021.77.6.705