FIG. 1. Structure of the surgical fluorescence microscope (a) figuration (b) block diagram.
FIG. 2. Structure of the LEDs module (a) measurement results (b) structure.
FIG. 4. Measurement result for 5-ALA fluorescent image of nude mouse tumors (a) without fluorescent dye (b) fluorescein dye.
FIG. 5. Analysis of fluorescent wavelength, (a) 5-ALA (protoporphyrin IX) (b) ICG.
FIG. 3. Setting of animal experimentation.
FIG. 6. Chemical structure of the indocynine green fluorescein emission.
FIG. 7. Formation of PpIX fluorescein protein at 5-ALA on tumor.
FIG. 8. Experimental results for ICG and 5-ALA fluorescein emission image with blood flow and tumor.
TABLE 1. Specifications of the LEDs
TABLE 2. Specifications of the SBIG STF-8300C color CCD camera
TABLE 3. Parameter of fluorescence microscope experiment
References
- F. Lefranc, N. Sadeghi, I. Camby, T. Metens, O. Dewitte, and R. Kiss, "Present and potential future issues in glioblastoma treatment," Expert Rev. Anticancer Ther. 6, 719-732 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1586/14737140.6.5.719
- F. W. Boele, A. G. Rooney, R. Grant, and M. Klein, "Psychiatric symptoms in glioma patients: from diagnosis to management," Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat. 11, 1413-1420 (2015). https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S65874
- T. Walbert and K. Chasteen, "Palliative and supportive care for glioma patients," Cancer Treat. Res. 163, 71-84 (2015).
- W. Stummer, A. Novotny, H. Stepp, C. Goetz, K. Bise, and H. J. Reulen, "Fluorescence-guided resection of glioblastoma muliforme utilizing 5-ALA-induced porphyrins: a prospective study in consecutive patients," J. Neurosurg. 93, 1003-1013 (2000). https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.2000.93.6.1003
- C. T. Wen, Y. Y. Liu, H. Y. Fang, M. J. Hsieh, and Y. K. Chao, "Image-guided video-assisted thoracoscopic small lung tumor resection using near-infrared marking," Surg. Endosc. 32, 4673-4680 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-018-6252-7
- J. T. Alander, I. Kaartinen, A. Laakso, T. Patila, T. Spillmann, V. V. Tuchin, M. Venermo, and Petri Valisuo, "A Review of Indocyanine Green Fluorescent Imaging in Surgery," Int. J. Biomed. Imaging 2012, 1-26 (2012).
- H. E. Cline, C. L. Dumoulin, W. E. Lorensen, H. R. Hart, and S. Ludke, "3D reconstruction of the brain from magnetic resonance images using a connectivity algorithm", Magn. Reson. Imaging 5, 345-352 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1016/0730-725X(87)90124-X
- W. M. Wells, P. Viola, H. Atsumi, S. Nakajima, and R. Kikinis, "Multi-modal volume registration by maximization of mutual information," Med. Image Anal. 1, 35-51 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1361-8415(01)80004-9
- H. E. Cline, W. E. Lorensen, R. Kikinis, and F. A. Jolesz, "Three-dimensional segmentation of MR images of the head using probability and connectivity," J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr. 14, 1037-1045 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1097/00004728-199011000-00041
- C. Malkanthi and M. B. Dissanayake, "Brain tumor boundary segmentation of MR imaging using spatial domain image processing," Int. J. Innovation Educ. Res. 5, 1-9 (2017).
- N. Unno, M. Suzuki, N. Yamamoto, K. Inuzuka, D. Sagara, M. Nishiyama, H. Tanaka, and H. Konno, "Iundocyanine green fluorescence angiography for intraoperative assessment of blood flow: a feasibility study," Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg. 35, 205-207 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejvs.2007.09.001
- T. Desmettre, J. M. Devoisselle, and S. Mordon, "Fluorescence properties and metabolic features of indocyanine green (ICG) as related to angiography," Surv. Ophthalmol. 45, 15-27 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0039-6257(00)00123-5
- R. B. Price, D. Labrie, F. A. Rueggeberg, and C. M. Felix, "Irradiance differences in the violet (405 nm) and blue (460 nm) spectral ranges among dental light-curing units," J. Esthet. Restor. Dent. 22, 363-377 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1708-8240.2010.00368.x
- M. Atif, M. F. Alam, S. Firdous, S. S. Z. Zaidi, R. Suleman, and M. Ikram, "Study of the efficacy of 5-ALA mediated photodynamic therapy on human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line (RD)," Laser Phys. Lett. 7, 757-764 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1002/lapl.201010061
- IC-GreenTM, Indocyanine Green for Injection, USP Sterile NDA 11-525-S-017.
- B. L. Teng, M. Nakada, Y. Hayashi, T. Yoneyama, S. G. Zhao, and J. I. Hamada, Clinical management and evolving novel therapeutic strategies for patients with brain tumors, Intech Open Science & Open Minds, Chapter 12 (2013), pp. 249.