DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The effects of work environmental factors and self-compassion on burnout of school counselors

학교 상담자의 업무환경 요인 및 자기자비가 소진에 미치는 영향

  • Kim, Hyun-Jin (Department of Counseling Education, Hannam University Graduate School of Education)
  • 김현진 (한남대학교 교육대학원 상담교육전공)
  • Received : 2019.01.24
  • Accepted : 2019.05.03
  • Published : 2019.05.31

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of work environmental factors and self-compassion on the burnout of school counselors. The subjects of this study were 312 school counselors under the D District Office of Education participated. In order to examine the effects of individual, organizational, and self-compassion factors on burnout, correlation and hierarchical regression were applied. Individual factors were gender, age, health status, and personal hobbies. Organizational factors were employment type, working hours, and job satisfaction. Self-compassion and burnout were measured using the Korean version of self-compassion and Baslach burnout instruments. The correlation analysis showed that the three factors are correlated with each other. In the hierarchical regression analysis, three models were developed as personal, organizational, and self-compassion factors. The results of regression analysis are as follows. The influence of self-compassion on burnout was stronger than the organizational factor (i.e., employment type, working time, job satisfaction) and the personal factor (i.e., age, health status, hobby). There were no significant differences between genders. This study results suggest that self-compassion can reduce a level of burnout significantly, although personal and organizational factors have a significant impact on burnout. Further study and suggestions for reducing the level of burnout of school counselors were discussed.

본 연구의 목적은 학교 상담자를 대상으로 상담과 관련된 업무환경 요인과 상담자의 자기자비가 소진에 미치는 영향을 알아보는 것이다. 연구대상은 D광역시 교육청 산하 상담부서에서 근무하는 상담자 312명이며, 개인과 조직관련 및 자기자비 요인이 소진에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 상관분석 및 위계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 개인관련 요인은 성별, 연령, 건강상태, 개인취미유무이며, 조직관련요인은 고용형태, 근로시간, 업무만족도로 구성하였다. 자기자비는 한국판 자기자비척도를 사용하였으며, 소진은 Baslach 소진척도를 사용하였다. 상관분석 결과 3가지 요인들은 서로 통계적으로 유의미한 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 위계적 회귀분석은 개인관련 요인, 조직관련 요인, 자기자비요인으로 3가지 모델이 개발되었다. 회귀분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 소진에 대한 각 변인들의 상대적 영향력을 비교하였을 때, 자기자비 요인, 조직관련 요인(고용형태, 근로시간, 직무만족도), 개인관련 요인(나이, 건강상태, 취미) 순으로 나타났으며, 성별 변인의 유의미성은 나타나지 않았다. 이는 개인관련 요인과 조직관련 요인이 소진에 미치는 영향력이 크지만 자기자비 요인이 소진을 통계적으로 유의미하게 감소시켜줄 수 있음을 의미한다. 연구결과를 기반으로 상담자들의 소진을 낮추기 위한 제언과 연구의 한계점을 제시하였다.

Keywords

Table 1. General Characteristics of Survey Participants

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n5_343_t0001.png 이미지

Table 2. Correlations of Variables

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n5_343_t0002.png 이미지

Table 3. Factors Influencing Burnout

SHGSCZ_2019_v20n5_343_t0003.png 이미지

References

  1. J. S. Kim, K. L. Yu, "A moderating effect of professional identity for the professional school counselors in the relationship between role conflict and burnout", The Korean Journal of Psychology, Vol.22, No.1, pp.53-69, February, 2010.
  2. H. Y. C., H. J. Baek, J. S. Cha, E. H. Kim, "A qualitative study on the experience of recovery from burnout among counselors in college counseling centers", The Korean Journal of Counseling and Psychotherapy, Vol.27, No.4, pp.825-848, November, 2015. https://doi.org/10.23844/kjcp.2015.11.27.4.825
  3. K. D. Neff, "Self-compassion: An alternative conceptualization of a healthy attitude toward oneself", Self and Identity, Vol.2, pp.85-101, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860309032
  4. A. R. Han, I. S. Oh, "The moderating effect of emotional intelligence in the relationship between school counselor's job stress and burnout", Korean Journal of Teacher Education, Vol.30, No.3, pp.227-251, July, 2011.
  5. J. R. Jeong, "The mediating effects of self-compassion and empathy on the relationship between fear of self-compassion and burnout in counselors", Journal of Human Understanding and Counseling, Vol.38, No.1, pp.1-16, June, 2017.
  6. W. K. Lee, H. J. Bang, The relationship among stress of adult women, mindfulness, self-compassion, psychological well-being and psychological symptoms, The Journal of Developmental Psychology, Vol.21, No.4, pp.127-146, December, 2016.
  7. R. A. Baer, Self-compassion as a mechanism of change in mindfulness- and acceptance-based treatments. In R. A. Baer (Ed.), Assessing mindfulness and acceptance processes in clients: Illuminating the theory and practice of change (pp. 135-153). Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications, 2010.
  8. F. Raes, "The effect of self-compassion on the development of depression symptoms in a non-clinical sample. Mindfulness, Vol.2, No.1, pp.33-36, February, 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-011-0040-y
  9. B. L. Thompson, J. Waltz, Self-compassion and PTSD symptoms. Journal of Traumatic Stress, Vol.21, No.6, pp.556-558, December, 2008. DOI:10.1002/jts.20374
  10. S. K. Kim, "Determinants influencing on the burnout of short-term school counselors", Journal of Community Welfare, Vol.51, pp.51-70, December, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2017.18.12.359
  11. H. A. Lee, K. H. Lee, "The relationship among job stress, job satisfaction, and burnout of the professional school counselors", Korean Journal of School Psychology, Vol.6, No.1, pp.83-102, 2009. https://doi.org/10.16983/kjsp.2009.6.1.83
  12. M. J. Yang, S. Y. Jo, S. Y. Lee, "Difference in youth counselors' burnout according to personal and job environment characteristics", The Korea Journal of Youth Counseling, Vol.20, No.1, pp.17-35, 2012. https://doi.org/10.35151/kyci.2012.20.1.002
  13. E. M. Koo, "Effects of child-care teacher's health status and burnout on their quality of life", Korea Journal of Child Care and Education, Vol.99, pp.1-17, July, 2016.
  14. H. S. Kim, J. Y. Ji, D. Kao, "Burnout and physical health among social workers: A three-year longitudinal study", Social Work, Vol.56, No.3, pp.258-268, July 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/56.3.258
  15. H. M. Kim, I. H. Choi, H. Y. Kwon, "Relationships among occupational trait, ego-resiliency, counselor activity self-efficacy and youth counselor burnout", The Journal of humanities, Vol.15, No.2, pp.173-194, 2010.
  16. S. H. Lee, H. P. Park, "The effect of job satisfaction and organizational commitment by employment type: A case study of franchised Korean restaurants", International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, Vol.28, No.7, pp. 129-140, July, 2014.
  17. K. Y. Park, E. M. Lim, "The study of concept mapping about experience of burnout of professional school counselors", Secondary Education Research, Vol.62, No.1, pp.171-198, 2014. https://doi.org/10.25152/ser.2014.62.1.171
  18. J. Y. Seo, H. J. Kim, "The influence of professional school counselors' role stress on their burnout: Moderating effect of self-efficacy and social support", Korean Journal of Teacher Education, Vol.27, No.3, pp.227-250, July, 2011.
  19. K. E. Kim, G. D. Yi, Y. R. Cho, S. H. Chai, W. K. Lee, "The validation study of the Korean version of the Self-Compassion Scale", Korean Journal of Health Psychology, Vol.13, No.4, pp.1023-1044, 2008. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14698/jkcce.2018.14.03.021
  20. S. K. Yoo, S. H. Park, "Influence of occupational stress and perceived social support on counselors' burnout in Korea", The Korean Journal of Counseling and Psychotherapy, Vol.14, No.2, pp.389-400, 2002.
  21. I. S. Rho, S. H. Cho, "Causes of burnout among South Korean counselors working with North Korean refugees: A qualitative content analysis", Korean Academy of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing, Vol.21, No.4, pp.303-310, December, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12934/jkpmhn.2012.21.4.303
  22. Y. K. Park, J. K. Huh, "Analysis of Edutainment-based Treatment Satisfaction and Burnout for School Counselors", Journal of the Korea Entertainment Industry Association, Vol.9, No.4, pp.297-304, December 2015. DOI:10.21184/jkeia.2015.12.9.4.297
  23. H. J. Kim, "The relationship between job stress, depression, and life satisfaction of educational institution counselors: Mediating effect of self-compassion", Journal of Korea Contents Association, Vol.18, No.11, pp.73-74, 2018.
  24. Y. S. Cho, "The effect of Mindful Self-Compassion program on counselor's compassion fatigue, compassion satisfaction, burnout", Korean Journal of Meditation, Vol.8, No.1, pp.45-65, March, 2018.