Journal of Apiculture (한국양봉학회지)

The Apicultural Society of Korea (한국양봉학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Flower Habitat Supplementation can Conserve Pollinators and Natural Enemies in Agricultural Ecosystem: Case Study in the Pepper Field

  • Received : 2018.12.26
  • Accepted : 2019.06.14
  • Published : 2019.06.30
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Pollinators play important roles for crop production as well as maintenance of wild plants' reproduction. Pollinator dependency in Korean agriculture have increased, but the degradation of habitat quality pose significant threats to pollination in agroecosystem. Provisioning flower habitat is one of the major activities to increase pollinator abundance and richness. We tested the effect of flower habitat supplementation on the pollinator, pest and natural enemy abundance in pepper field. Results showed that Hymenopteran pollinators were more abundant in the pepper plots close to the flower habitat. Among natural enemies, the similar pattern from pollinators was observed to parasitoids in the family of Eulophidae, but not to those of Ichneumonidae. There were no statistically significant differences of insect pests like aphids and thrips, as well as pepper production among plots in the pepper field. Even limited spatial scale, this study showed supplementing the flowering plant habitat to the agricultural landscape could conserve and boost pollinators and natural enemies, and possibly resulting better fruit production by pollination service.

Keywords

References

  1. Aizen, M. A. and L. D. Harder. 2009. The global stock of domesticated honey bees is growing slower than agricultural demand for pollination. Curr. Biol. 19: 915-918. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2009.03.071
  2. Ashman, T. L., T. M. Knight, J. A. Steets, P. Amarasekare, M. Burd, D. R. Campbell, M. R. Dudash, M. O. Johnston, S. J. Mazer, R. J. Mitchell, M. T. Morgan and W. G. Wilson. 2004. Pollen limitation of plant reproduction: ecological and evolutionary causes and consequences. Ecology 85: 2408-2421. https://doi.org/10.1890/03-8024
  3. Benelli, G., S. Benvenuti, N. Desneux and A. Canale. 2014. Cephalaria transsylvanica-based flower strips as potential food source for bees during dry periods in European Mediterranean basin countries. PloS ONE 9: e93153. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0093153
  4. Bianchi, F. J. and F. L. Wackers. 2008. Effects of flower attractiveness and nectar availability in field margins on biological control by parasitoids. Biol. Cont. 46: 400-408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2008.04.010
  5. Biesmeijer, J. C., S. P. M. Roberts, M. Reemer, R. Ohlemuller, M. Edwards, T. Peeters, A. P. Schaffers, S. G. Potts, R. Kleukers, C. D. Thomas, J. Settele and W. E. Kunin. 2006. Parallel declines in pollinators and insect-pollinated plants in Britain and the Netherlands. Science 313: 251-353. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.313.5783.25a
  6. Blaauw, B. R. and R. Isaacs. 2014. Flower plantings increase wild bee abundance and the pollination services provided to a pollination-dependent crop. J. Appl. Ecol. 51: 890-898. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12257
  7. Carreck, N. L. and I. H. Williams. 2002. Food for insect pollinators on farmland: insect visits to flowers of annual seed mixtures. J. Insect Conserv. 6: 13-23. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015764925536
  8. Daily, G. C. 1997. Nature's services: societal dependence on natural ecosystems. Washington, DC: Island Press.
  9. FAO. 2013. Statistical Yearbook 2013: World Food and Agriculture. FAO Food Agric.
  10. Gallai, N., J. M. Salles, J. Settele and B. E. Vaissiere. 2009. Economic valuation of the vulnerability of world agriculture confronted with pollinator decline. Ecol. Econ. 68: 810-821. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2008.06.014
  11. Garibaldi, L. A., I. Steffan-Dewenter, R. Winfree, M. A. Aizen, R. Bommarco, S. A. Cunningham, C. Kremen, L. G. Carvalheiro, L. D. Harder, O. Afik, I. Bartomeus, F. Benjamin, V. Boreux, J. Ghazoul, S. Greenleaf, J. Hipolito, A. Holzschuh, B. Howlett, F. Isaacs, S. K. Javorek, C. M. Kennedy, K. M. Krewenka, S. Krishnan, Y. Mandelik, M. M. Mayfield, I. Motzke, M. Theodore, B. A. Nault, M. Otieno, J. Petersen, G. Pisanty, S. G. Potts, R. Rader, T. H. Ricketts, M. Rundlof, C. L. Seymour, C. Schuepp, H. Szentgyorgyi, H. Taki, T. Tscharntke, C. H. Vergara, B. F. Viana, T. C. Wanger, C. Westphal, N. Williams and A. M. Klein. 2013. Wild pollinators enhance fruit set of crops regardless of honey bee abundance. Science 339: 1608-1611. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1230200
  12. Garibaldi, L. A., L. G. Carvalheiro, S. D. Leonhardt, M. A. Aizen, B. R. Blaauw, R. Isaacs, M. Kuhlmann, D. Klejin, A. M. Klein, C. Kremen, L. Morandin, J. Scheper and R. Winfree. 2014. From research to action: Enhancing crop yield through wild pollinators. Front Ecol. Environ. 12: 439-447. https://doi.org/10.1890/130330
  13. Gauthier, N., J. Lasalle, D. L. Quicke and H. C. J. Godfray. 2000. Phylogeny of Eulophidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea), with a reclassification of Eulophinae and the recognition that Elasmidae are derived eulophids. Syst. Entomol. 25: 521-539. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3113.2000.00134.x
  14. Godfray, H. C. J., J. R. Beddington, J. I. Crute, L. Haddad, D. Lawrence, J. F. Muir, J. Pretty, S. Robinson, S. M. Thomas and C. Toulmin. 2010. Food security: the challenge of feeding 9 billion people. Science 327: 812-818. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1185383
  15. Gurr, G. M., S. L. Scarratt, S. D. Wratten, L. Berndt and N. Irvin. 2004. Ecological engineering, habitat manipulation and pest management. Ecological engineering for pest management: Advances in habitat manipulation for arthropods, 1-12.
  16. Haenke, S., B. Scheid, M. Schaefer, T. Tscharntke and C. Thies. 2009. Increasing syrphid fly diversity and density in sown flower strips within simple vs. complex landscapes. J. Appl. Ecol. 46: 1106-1114. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2009.01685.x
  17. Heard, M. S., C. Carvell, N. L. Carreck, P. Rothery, J. L. Osborne and A. F. G. Bourke. 2007. Landscape context not patch size determines bumble-bee density on flower mixtures sown for agri-environment schemes. Biol. Lett. 3: 638-641. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2007.0425
  18. IPBES. 2016. The Assessment Report on Pollinators, Pollination and Food Production. Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Servcies. Bibb, Germany. 552 p.
  19. Irvin, N. A., S. L. Scarratt, S. D. Wratten, C. M. Frampton, R. B. Chapman and J. M. Tylianakis. 2006. The effects of floral understoreys on parasitism of leafrollers (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) on apples in New Zealand. Agri. For. Entomol. 8: 25-34. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-9555.2006.00285.x
  20. Johanowicz, D. L. and E. R. Mitchell. 2000. Effects of sweet alyssum flowers on the longevity of the parasitoid wasps Cotesia marginiventris (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and Diadegma insulare (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Flor. Entomol. 83: 41-47. https://doi.org/10.2307/3496226
  21. Jung, C. 2008. Economic value of honeybee pollination on major fruit and vegetable crops in Korea. Korean J. Apic. 23: 147-152.
  22. Kim, D. W. and C. Jung. 2013. Comparative analysis of the perception on honeybee damage by the pesticides between beekeepers and apple growers. Kor. J. Apic. 28: 33-38.
  23. Kleijn, D. and W. Sutherland. 2003. How effective are European agri-environment schemes in conserving and promoting biodiversity? J. Appl. Ecol. 40: 947-969. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2003.00868.x
  24. Klein, A. M., B. E. Vaissiere, J. H. Cane, I. Steffan-Dewenter, S. A. Cunningham, C. Kremen and T. Tscharntke. 2007. Importance of pollinators in changing landscapes for world crops. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biol. Sci. 274: 303-313.
  25. Korea Statistics. 2015. KOSTAT.
  26. Kremen, C., N. M. Williams and R. W. Thorp. 2002. Crop pollination from native bees at risk from agricultural intensification. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 99: 16812-16816. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.262413599
  27. Lebuhn, G., S. Droege, E. F. Connor, B. Gemmill-Herren, S. G. Potts, R. L. Minckley, T. Griswold, R. Jean, E. Kula, D. W. Roubik, J. Cane, K. W. Wright, G. Frankie and F. Parker. 2012. Detecting insect pollinator declines on regional and global scales. Conserv. Biol. 27: 113-120.
  28. Levin, M. D. 1983. Value of bee pollination to U. S. agriculture. Bull. Entomol. Soc. Am. 29: 50-51.
  29. Nabhan, G. P. and S. Buchmann. 1997. Services provided by pollinators. pp. 133-150. in Nature's services: societal dependence on natural ecosystems, ed. by G. G. Daily. Washington, DC: Island Press.
  30. Naeem, S. 1998. Species redundancy and ecosytem reliability. Conserv. Biol. 12: 39-45. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1998.96379.x
  31. Naug, D. 2009. Nutritional stress due to habitat loss may explain recent honeybee colony collapses. Biol. Conserv. 142: 2369-2372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2009.04.007
  32. Ollerton, J., R. Winfree and S. Tarrant. 2011. How many flowering plants are pollinated by animals? Oikos 120: 321-326. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0706.2010.18644.x
  33. Olroyd, B. P. 2007. What's killing American honey bee? PLoS Biol. 5: e168. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0050168
  34. Osborne, J. L., S. J. Clark, R. J. Morris, I. H. Williams, J. R. Riley, A. D. Smith, D. R. Reynolds and A. S. Edwards. 1999. A landscape scale study of bumble bee foraging range and constancy, using harmonic radar. J. Appl. Ecol. 36: 519-533. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2664.1999.00428.x
  35. Osborne, J. L., A. P. Martin, N. L. Carreck, J. L. Swain, M. E. Knight, D. Goulson, R. J. Hale and R. A. Sanderson. 2008. Bumblebee flight distances in relation to the forage landscape. J. Anim. Ecol. 77: 406-415. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2007.01333.x
  36. Potts, S. G., J. C. Biesmeijer, C. Kremen, P. Neumann, O. Schweiger and W. E. Kunin. 2010. Global pollinator declines: trends, impacts and drivers. Trends Ecol. Evol. 25: 345-353. doi.: 10.1016/j.tree.2010.01.007.
  37. Samnegard, U., A. Persson and H. Smith. 2011. Gardens benefit bees and enhance pollination in intensively managed farmland. Biol. Conserv. 144: 2602-2606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2011.07.008
  38. SAS Institute. 2009. SAS/STAT user's guide: statistics, version 9.3 SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA.
  39. Smith, R. M., P. H. Warren, K. Thompson and K. J. Gaston. 2006. Urban domestic gardens(VI): environmental correlates of invertebrate species richness. Biodiv. Conserv. 15: 2415-2438. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-004-5014-0
  40. Stokstad, E. 2007. The case of the empty hives. Science 316: 970-972. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.316.5827.970
  41. Tscharntke, T., Y. Clough, T. C. Wanger, L. Jackson, I. Motzke, I. Perfecto, J. Vandermeer and A. Whitbread. 2012. Global food security, biodiversity conservation and the future of agricultural intensification. Biol. Conserv. 151: 53-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2012.01.068
  42. Walton, N. J. and R. Isaacs. 2011. Influence of native flowering plant strips on natural enemies and herbivores in adjacent blueberry fields. Environ. Entomol. 40: 697-705. https://doi.org/10.1603/EN10288
  43. Watanabe, M. E. 1994. Pollination worries rise as honey bees decline. Science 265: 1170. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.265.5176.1170
  44. Westerkamp, C. and G. Gottsberger. 2000. Diversity pays in crop pollination. Crop Sci. 40: 1209-1222. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2000.4051209x
  45. Williams, I. H. 1994. The dependences of crop production within the European Union on pollination by honey bees. Agric. Zool. Rev. 6: 229-257.